Lý thuyết và bài tập vận dụng môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 9 năm học 2015-2016 - Chuyển đổi câu

SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION
TO_INF + BE + ADJ...
	→ IT + BE + ADJ + TO -Vo
	To sit here with you is so nice. → It’s so nice to sit here with you.
IT + BE + ADJ + Ving 
→ HOW + ADJ + (IT + BE) + TO_INF
	It’s so nice sitting here with you. → How nice (it is) to sit here with you.
	(Ngồi đây với bạn thật tuyệt)
TO_INF ...+ BE + ADJ/N
→ S + V + IT + ADJ/N + TO -Vo
	To be there on time is important. → I find it important to be there on time.
	(Tôi nhận thấy có mặt ở đó đúng giờ thì rất quan trọng)
THAT CLAUSE + BE + ADJ
	→ S + V + IT + ADJ + THAT CLAUSE
	That we should keep calm is important → I think it important that we should keep calm.
	(Quan trọng là chúng ta phải giữ bình tĩnh)
TOO + ADJ + FOR(O)...+ TO_INF
→ ...SO + ADJ + THAT/IT+BE+SUCH + (A/AN+ ADJ) + N + THAT
	The tea was too hot for me to drink. (Trà nóng quá tôi không thể uống)
	→ The tea was so hot that I couldn’t drink it. (Trà nóng đến nỗi tôi không thể uống được)
	→ It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it. (Đõ là một tách trà nóng đến nỗi tôi k thể uống đc)
ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR (O)...TO_INF
→...SO + ADJ + THAT/ IT+BE+SUCH + (A/AN + ADJ) + N + THAT
	This song is simple enough for all of us to sing. 
	(Bài hát này đủ đơn giản để tất cả chúng ta hát)
	→ This song is so simple that all of us can sing it.
	(Bài hát này đơn giản đến nỗi tất cả chúng ta đều hát được)
	→ It is such a simple song that all of us can sing it.
...SO + ADJ + THAT(phủ định)
	→ IT+BE+SUCH + (A /AN+ ADJ) + N + THAT 
	→ TOO + ADJ + FOR (O)..+ TO_INF
	→ S +BE(NOT) +ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR ...TO_INF
	The jacket is so small that I can’t wear it.
	 → It is such a small jacket that I can’t wear it.
 	→ The jacket is too small for me to wear.
 	→ The jacket is not big enough for me to wear .
TOO + ADJ + FOR...+ TO_INF
↔ ADJ + ENOUGH + FOR ...TO_INF
	The tea was too hot for her to drink. ↔ The tea was not cold enough for her to drink.
.... SO + ADJ + THAT 
↔ IT+BE+SUCH + (A/AN + ADJ) + N + THAT 
	It is such lovely weather that we spend the whole day in the garden.
	→ The weather is so lovely that we spend the whole day in the garden.
 10. Clauses and phrases:
A.Clauses and phrases of reason:bởi vì
 Because/ Since/As + Clause ( S+V )
 žBecause of/ Due to/ Thanks to /Owing to+ Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )
B.Clauses and phrases of concession:mặc dù
Although/ Though/ Even though + Clause ( S+V ) =In spite of the fact that +S+V 
 ž In spite of/ Despite + Phrase ( N phrase/ V-ing phrase )
 *LƯU Ý: không dùng but sau Although/ Though/ Even though ,In spite of / Despite( không đi với of)
Cách đổi : S+V 	ž Noun Phrase
1. S(noun)+be+Adj	ž Adj+Noun
2. S+be+Adj ž my,his,your,our,her,their,its +Noun(Noun’s Noun)
 Adj ž Noun
 ill illness
 sick sickness Ex : He was ill ž His illness
 noisy noise
 sad sadness
 happy happiness
 3. V + Adv 	ž Adj+ Noun
 Verb 	ž Noun
 behave behavior 	Ex: He behaves well	žHis good hehavior
 rain rain
 work work
 Adv Adj
 very ž great
 well ž 	 good
 heavily ž 	 heavy
 4. Verb ž Ving
Ex:
1. Because the weather is hot, I open the window.
 ž Because of the hot weather, I open the window.
2.Although the weather was hot, we went out.
 žIn spite of the hot weather, we went out. 
3. Because he is lazy , he often gets bad marks .
 ž Because of his laziness , he often gets bad marks .
4. Because the husbands were absent ,women went to work in factories.
 žBecause of the absent husbands ,women went to work in factories.
 žBecause of the husbands’ absence , women went to work in factories.
5. Although she didn’t ask him , he helped her.
ž In spite of her not asking him , he helped her.
6. It was raining heavily , but the boys were playing football.
žAlthough/though It was raining heavily,the boys were playing football. 
 IF..................NOT.......... = UNLESS+S+V=WITHOUT+N.............(Nếu không.....thì/ Trừ phi.........)
 He’ll die if nobody brings him to hospital. 
↔ Unless somebody brings him to hosital, he’ll die.
(Anh ấy sẽ chết nếu không có ai đưa tới bệnh viện/ 
Trừ phi có người đưa anh ấy đến bệnh viện, anh ấy sẽ chết)
*Lưu ý: Viết lại câu với mệnh đề If
 1.Thì hiện tại 	à if loại 2
 2.Thì quá khứ 	à if loại 3
 3. loại 2 và 3 có thể kết hợp
 4 Sau “so” là mệnh đề chính
 5.Sau “because” là mệnh đề If
 6.Nguyên nhân là mệnh đề If, kết quả là mệnh đề chính.
 7. câu phủ định ž câu xác định và ngược lại xác định ž câu phủ định
EX ;
I am not a teacher,so I can’t teach children.
↔ If I were a teacher, I could teach children.
We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.
↔ If we had had enough money, we would/could have gone on holiday.
I’m having a lot of trouble now because I lost my passport last week.
žIf I had not lost my passport last week, I would not have a lot of trouble now
12. WISH / IF ONLY
Hiện tại: 	S + wish + S + V2/ed(BEà WERE)
 	If only + S + V2/ed(BEà WERE)
	I am poor now. à I wish / If only I were rich.
Quá khứ: 	 S + wish + S + HAD +V3/ed
 If only + S + HAD +V3/ed
	I didn’t meet her . à I wish / if only I had met her.
Tương lai: S + wish + S + would / could + Vo
 If only + S + would / could + Vo
 I can attend your wedding next week. à I wish I could attend your wedding next week.
Lưu ý:khi viết lại câu với wish :câu phủ định ž câu xác định và ngược lại xác định ž câu phủ định
13. 	S + HAVE/HAS+V3/ed+FOR + ( Period of time )
↔ SINCE+( a point of past time ) ↔ IT IS + TIME+SINCE + V2/ed
I haven’t seen her for three weeks. ↔ It’s three weeks since I last saw her.
14. 	S + HASN’T/HAVEN’T/NEVER+ V3/ed +BEFORE
↔ IT IS THE FIRST TIME + S + HAVE /HAS+ V3/ed
I haven’t seen that man here before. ↔ It’s the first time I have seen that man here.
15. 	S + V2/ED +TIME +AGO. 
↔ S + HAVE/HAS +BEEN + V_ing + SINCE/FOR+TIME
I started working for the company a year ago.
↔ I’ve been working for the company for a year.
↔ I’ve been working for the company since last year.
16. 	S +HASN’T/ HAVEN’T + V3/ED +SINCE+S+V2ed/TIME
 	↔ S + LAST + V2/ED+WHEN... ↔THE LAST TIME +S+ V2/ED+WAS.....
Laurence hasn’t seen her sister since she left for Japan.
(Laurence đã không gặp chị cô ấy từ khi đi học ở Nhật Bản)
↔ Laurence last saw her sister when she left for Japan.
(Laurence gặp chị cô ấy lần cuối cùng khi cô ấy đi học ở Nhật Bản)
Lucy hasn’t worn that dress since Barbara’s wedding.
(Kể từ khi Barbara cưới, Lucy đã không mặc chiếc áo đó nữa)
↔ The last time Lucy wore that dress was Barbara’s wedding.
(Lần cuối cùng khi Lucy mặc chiếc áo đó là khi cưới Barbara)
17. 	S + Spend / spent + TIME + Doing (Sth)
 ↔ IT + TAKE/TOOK + (O) + TIME + TO_INF
I spend thirty minutes a day studying/ to study English.
(Mỗi ngày tôi dành 30 phút học Tiếng Anh)
↔ It takes me 30 minutes a day to study English.
We wrote a letter in two hours. ↔ It took us two hours to write a letter.
18 . S + V + DID/COULD + NOT+Vo.........UNTIL+TIME/CLAUSE 
( Mãi cho đến................mới..............)
↔ IT WAS NOT UNTIL+TIME/CLAUSE THAT+S+V2/ed/COULD+Vo
He couldn’t speak French well until the second year.
↔ It was not until the second year that he could speak French well.
(Mãi đến năm thứ 2 anh ấy mới nói tiếng Pháp giỏi)
19. S + V + O ↔ HAVE + O(sb) + Vo↔ HAVE + O(st) + V3/ed
The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.
(Garage sẽ sửa xe cho chúng tôi vào tuần sau)
↔ We are going to have our car repaired next week.
(Tuần sau chúng tôi sẽ nhờ người sửa xe)
20. SOMEONE SAY
PEOPLE/ THEY + KNOW/ THINK + (THAT)+S2+V2
↔ IT + BE + V3/ED + THAT........ = S2 + BE + V3/ED + TO_Vo/ TO HAVE + V3/ED
They say that he speaks English well.
↔ It is said that he speaks English well.
↔ He is said to speak English well.
People rumoured that he (had) died in the battle.
↔ It was rumoured that he (had) died in battle.
↔ He was rumoured to have died in battle.
21. NOT SO/AS + ADJ/ ADV + AS... 
↔ ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV+ THAN
I can’t cook as well as my mother does. ↔ My mother cooks better than I do/I can/me
(Tôi không nấu ăn giỏi như mẹ tôi). (Mẹ tôi nấu ăn giỏi hơn tôi) 
I don’t know so much about it as she does. ↔ She knows a lot more about it than I do.
22. ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV + THAN 
↔ THE + ADJ/ADV + EST/THE+ MOST + ADJ/ADV
This novel is more interesting than any other novel that I have ever read.
(Quyển tiểu thuyết này hay hơn bất cứ cuốn tiểu thuyết nào mà tôi đã từng đọc)
↔ This is the most interesting novel I have ever read.
(Đây là quyển tiểu thuyết hay nhất tôi đã từng đọc)
Have you got a cheaper carpet than this? ↔ Is this the cheapest carpet you’ve got?
23. Clause 1 , Clause 2 
↔ THE+ ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV+S+V, THE+ ADJ/ADV + ER / MORE + ADJ/ADV+S+V
 (So sánh kép 2 mệnh đề: càng càng..)
I feel miserable when it is hot. ↔ The hotter it is , the more miserableI feel .
24. NO SOONER+ HAD + S + V3 +THAN + S + V2
↔ ...HARDLY/ONLY JUST/ SCARELY...WHEN.... (ngay khi  thì)
He had hardly left the office when the phone rang.
↔ No sooner had he left the office than the phone rang.
I had only just put the phone down when the boss rang back.
↔ Hardly had I put the phone down when the boss rang back.
25. V + NOT...+ V + NOT.....(EITHER) ↔ NEITHER....NOR... (...Không....cũng không...)
My sister is not very in telligent. I am not very intelligent.
(Chị tôi không thông minh lắm. Tôi không thông minh lắm)
↔ Neither my sister nor I am very intelligent./ Neither I nor my sister is very intelligent.
(Cả chị tôi và tôi đều không thông minh lắm)
The moon doesn’t have an atmosphere; the planet Mars doesn’t either.
↔ Neither the moon nor the planet Mars has an atmosphere.
He didn’t know where John was and I didn’t either.
↔ Neither he nor I knew where John was. ↔ Neither of us knew where John was.
26.“WHY DON’T YOU + Vo...?” 
↔ S + SUGGESTED THAT+S+(SHOULD) Vo (Gợi ý ai làm gì?)
“Why don’t you put a better lock on the door, John?” Jane said.
↔ Jane suggested that John (should) put a better lock on the door.
27. S + V2/ed 	↔ V_ing... 
(Rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại phân từ khi 2 câu có cùng chủ từ,2 hành động cùng xảy ra)
The mother smiled happily. She took the baby in her arms.
↔ Smiling hapily, the mother took the baby in her arms.
28. DIDN’T+Vo 	↔ NOT + V_ing...
Because he didn’t know the language, he found it hard to get work.
↔ Not knowing the language, he found it hard to get work.
29. HAD + V3/ed	↔HAVING + V3/ed
(Rút gọn thành cụm hiện tại hoàn thành phân từ khi 2 câu có cùng chủ từ, nhấn mạnh hành động xảy ra trước hành động kia trong quá khứ)
Mr. Brown had failed twice, so he didn’t want to try again.
↔ Having failed twice, Mr. Brown didn’t want to try again.
	30. V3/ed (Rút gọn dùng quá khứ phân từ cho mệnh đề bị động khi 2 câu có cùng chủ từ)
	He lived alone. He had been forgotten by everybody.
	à He lived alone, forgotten by everybody.
	He was waken by a strange noise. He couldn’t sleep any more.
	à Waken by a strange noise, he couldn’t sleep any more.
31. ...CAN /COULDN’T+ NOT + INF... 
↔ S + PREVENT(ED) + O + FROM + V+ing...
We couldn’t drive because of the fog. 
↔ The fog prevented us from driving.
32. ADJECTIVES ↔ VERBS
It isn’t necessary for you to finish by Saturday. 
↔ You needn’t finish/ don’t need to fiish by Saturday.
(Bạn không cần hoàn thành trước thứ 7)
It is impossible for roses to be grown in such poor ground.
↔ Roses can’t posibly grow in such poor ground.
(Không thể trồng hoa ở đất cằn cỗi này)
33. VERBS ↔ NOUNS
He decided to leave home. ↔ He made a decision to leave home.
(Anh ấy quyết định đi khỏi nhà)
I didn’t intend to stay here. ↔ I had no intention of staying here.
(Tôi không định ở đây)
The patient recovered more rapidly than expected.
↔ The patient made a more rapid recovery than expected.
(Bệnh nhân phục hồi nhanh chóng hơn mong đợi)
The two girls exchanged English lessons.
↔ There was an exchange of English lessons between two girls.
34. CLAUSE ↔ Ving_PHRASE
(Mệnh đề --> cụm danh động từ)
She laughed but she did not reply. ↔ She laughed without replying.
(Cô ấy cười nhưng không đáp lại). (Cô ấy cười mà không đáp lại)
She didn’t say a word as she left the room. ↔ She left the room without saying a word.
(Cô ấy khôn nói lời nào khi rời khỏi phòng). (Cô ấy rời khỏi phòng mà không nói câu nào)
35.SIMPLE SENTENCES ↔ COMPLEX SENTENCES.
(Câu đơn --> Câu phức)
The owners of newspapers are usually very rich.
↔ The people who owns newspapers are usually very rich.
Alice eats very little so as not to put on weight.
↔ Alice eats very little because she wants to lose weight.
After four years abroad, Mr. Brown returned home as an excellent engineer.
↔ After Mr. Brown had studied/ lived 4 years abroad, he returned home as an excellent engineer.
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 36. Clauses and phrases of purpose:(để chỉ mục đích)
ΠClause: S - V + 	so that / in order that + S + can / will(not)+ V o (present)
Ex:They save money so that they can build a big house .
2.Clause: S - V + 	so that / in order that + S would/ could + V o (past)
Ex:They saved money in order that they could build a big house .
3. Phrase: ª : S - V + to/ so as to/ in order to + Vo
 S - V + in order for+ some one +to + Vo
Ex:We study hard to pass the exam.	 
 ª : S - V + so as not to/ in order not to + not to +Vo
Ex:We got up early so as not to be late for school
37. Rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ 
 1.Active
 -------noun + who / which / that + V ( chủ động ) 
 => noun + V-ing ..
 Ex : The man who is smoking over there is my brother .
The man smoking over there is my brother. 
	2.Passive
 -------noun + who / which / that + be + V 3/ed 
 => noun + V3/-ed .
 Ex : The letter which was sent to our customers yesterday was full of mistakes .
The letter sent to our customers yesterday was full of mistakes 
 3.To -Vo
The only/first/second/last+noun + who / which / that + V ( chủ động) OR is/am/was+ V 3/ed(bị động) 
 =>The only,first,second,last+noun +to-Vo .. ( chủ động) / to+be+ V3/ed .(bị động) 
 Ex:He was the first man that passed the exam.
 -> He was the first man to pass the exam.
 Ex:She is the last woman who is interviewed by Mr.Brown.
 -> She is the last woman to be interviewed by Mr.Brown.
38. S + often + V = S + be used to +Ving /N
	> Nana often cried when she meets difficulties.
↔Nana is used to crying when she meets difficulties
39. S+V2/ED ↔ S+USED TO +Vo
I usually went swimming when I was young. 
↔I used to go swimming when I was young
SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION 2015
Mr. Minh often spends fifteen minutes leading the buffalo to the field.
It often takes ____________________________________________________________
Quan always walk to school.
Quan always goes ________________________________________________________
I found it a bit difficult to get into work this morning.
Getting _________________________________________________________________
Their game of badminton is always on Tuesday.
They __________________________________________________________________
I started to play the piano when I was six.
I have __________________________________________________________________
I’m in England for the first time in my life.
This ___________________________________________________________________
The children are too young to see horror films.
The children aren’t _______________________________________________________
The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough.
The sea was too __________________________________________________________
My father said I could use his car.
My father allowed ________________________________________________________
Why don’t you put your luggage under the seat ?
He suggested ____________________________________________________________
I’ll finish the work tonight if you like.
Would you like __________________________________________________________
The teacher didn’t allow the class to leave before 4:30.
The teacher made ________________________________________________________
We haven’t seen him for over twenty years.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
We couldn’t drive because of the fog.
The fog ________________________________________________________________
It is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read.
I have __________________________________________________________________
Although she lived in difficult countries, she worked very hard.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
We haven’t met since 1981.
It was in 1981 that ________________________________________________________
I came to London ten years ago.
I have __________________________________________________________________
They haven’t seen their uncle for ten years.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
Steve started learning the violin a month ago.
Steve __________________________________________________________________
I haven’t been to a Chinese restaurant for ages.
It’s age _________________________________________________________________
The last time Nancy came here was in 1986.
Nancy hasn’t ____________________________________________________________
It’s a long time since our last conversation.
We ____________________________________________________________________
“I think you should go by train.” He told us.
He advised ______________________________________________________________
Julia cleaned the house. Then she went shopping.
After __________________________________________________________________
Jim was travelling in Paris. He met his old friends there.
While __________________________________________________________________
First Jane checked all the prices. Then she bought a new car.
Jane bought _____________________________________________________________
Jack went to Vietnam in 2002. He returned home in 2005.
Jack ___________________________________________________________________
They finished work and then left the office.
They __________________________________________________________________
We started learning English about 5 years ago.
We’ve _________________________________________________________________
How much do you pay for this computer ?
How much does __________________________________________________________
The last time Joe heard from his family was in June.
Joe hasn’t ______________________________________________________________
How long have you been living in this new house ?
When __________________________________________________________________
This is my third visit to Hồ Chí Minh City.
I have __________________________________________________________________
Jack wants to drive to work, but he doesn’t have a car.
If Jack _________________________________________________________________
We were late because of the heavy traffic.
If it ____________________________________________________________________
Why don’t you ask your teacher for advice ?
If I were ________________________________________________________________
I’ll never see you again if you don’t tell the truth.
Unless _________________________________________________________________
This is James. He helped me solve that problem.
James is ________________________________________________________________
The tea is so hot that I can’t drink it.
The tea is _______________________________________________________________
Mexico City is more densely populated than Tokyo.
Tokyo is not ____________________________________________________________
Sydney is larger than any other city in Australia.
Sydney is _______________________________________________________________
China has the largest population in the world.
There are _______________________________________________________________
The book really interests me.
I ______________________________________________________________________
They didn’t go fishing because it was too cold.
If _____________________________________________________________________
When did you start learning English ?
How long _______________________________________________________________
I’m sorry I was so rude to you yesterday.
I apologize ______________________________________________________________
People say she is an honest and reliable person.
It is ___________________________________________________________________
It took me two hours to do my homework. 
I ______________________________________________________________________
He left school and then joined the army.
After he ________________________________________________________________
What is your date of birth ?
When __________________________________________________________________
When Minh was small, he usually slept with his brother.
Minh used ______________________________________________________________
It’s three years since I started using this bicycle.
I have __________________________________________________________________
No one has ever answered the questions.
These questions __________________________________________________________
Julia is talking with a dump man.
The man who ____________________________________________________________
I’ve arranged to meet Mr.Trung tomorrow evening.
I’m ____________________________________________________________________
He was in the habit of getting up very late.
He used ________________________________________________________________
He is talking to the girl with long hair.
The girl whom ___________________________________________________________
“You’d better go to see the doctor immediately.”
She advised _____________________________________________________________
They want to buy a bigger house but they don’t have enough money.
If they _________________________________________________________________
She is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night.
She wouldn’t ____________________________________________________________
The fire destroyed the forest completely.
The forest ______________________________________________________________
I didn’t go to school on time this morning because the bus was late.
If the bus _______________________________________________________________
You can’t visit the USA unless you get a visa.
If _____________________________________________________________________
“Can I borrow your typewriter, Janet ?” asked Peter.
Peter asked if ____________________________________________________________
She started working as a secretary five years ago.
She has ________________________________________________________________
My French friend finds driving on the left difficult.
My French friend ________________________________________________________
We didn’t go on holiday because we didn’t have enough money.
If we __________________________________________________________________
The children couldn’t go swimming because of the rough sea.
The sea was too __________________________________________________________
I’m always nervous when I travel by car.
Travelling ______________________________________________________________
Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
They haven’t cleaned the streets this week.
The streets ______________________________________________________________
Apples are usually cheaper than oranges.
Apples are not ___________________________________________________________
I advised you to put your money in the bank.
You’d _________________________________________________________________
The restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there.
It was such ______________________________________________________________
John only understood very little of what the teacher said.
John could hardly ________________________________________________________
I haven’t been to Bristol for 3 years.
The last time ____________________________________________________________
Jim will be eighteen next week.
It’s Jim’s _______________________________________________________________
How long is it since they bought the house ?
When __________________________________________________________________
He couldn’t repair the broken vase.
The ___________________________________________________________________
I’ve never met such a famous person before.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
It was so late that nothing could be done.
It was too _______________________________________________________________
The garage is going to repair the car for us next week.
We ____________________________________________________________________
The bus takes longer than the train.
The train _______________________________________________________________
The train couldn’t run because of the snow.
The snow _______________________________________________________________
I haven’t seen that man here before.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
The furniture was so expensive that I didn’t buy it.
The furniture ____________________________________________________________
He learned to drive when he was eighteen.
He has _________________________________________________________________
Although his leg was broken, he managed to get out of the car.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
The cake was so hard that I couldn’t eat it.
It was __________________________________________________________________
The water was so cold that the children could not swim in it.
The water was not ________________________________________________________
Somebody repaired her car yesterday.
She ____________________________________________________________________
They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight.
All the prisoners _________________________________________________________
I started to work for the company a year ago.
I have __________________________________________________________________
Susan felt sick because she ate four cream cakes.
If Susan ________________________________________________________________
Although he didn’t speak Dutch, Bob decided to settle in Amsterdam.
In spite of ______________________________________________________________
How long have Catherine and Henry been engaged ?
When __________________________________________________________________
In spite of his age, Mr. Benson runs 7 miles before breakfast.
Although _______________________________________________________________
The bread is so stale that we can’t eat it.
The bread isn’t __________________________________________________________
The zoo keeper feed lions at 3 p.m every day.
The lions _______________________________________________________________
We got lost because we didn’t have a map.
If _____________________________________________________________________
The bridge was so low that the bus couldn’t go under it.
It was __________________________________________________________________
I last saw him when I was a student.
I haven’t _______________________________________________________________
It’s a six–hour drive from London to Edinburgh.
It takes _________________________________________________________________
It’s ages since Alan visited his parents.
Alan ___________________________________________________________________
Mr. Will lost his job because he was late every day.
If _____________________________________________________________________
The police made the youth empty his pocket.
The youth ______________________________________________________________
Lawrence hasn’t seen his sister since she left for Japan.
Lawrence last ___________________________________________________________
John is fat because he eats so many chips.
If _____________________________________________________________________
If Joe doesn’t change his way, he will end up in prison.
Unless _________________________________________________________________
Having a vacation abroad is interesting.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
The water was so cold that the children could not take a swim.
The water wasn’t _________________________________________________________
It’s two months since I last spoke to her.
I haven’t _______________________________________________________________
“Turn down the radio, Nam.” , his father said.
Nam’s father ____________________________________________________________
Lan will be seventeen next week.
It’s ____________________________________________________________________
How long is it since you bought the car ?
When __________________________________________________________________
Nam began to collect stamps in 2000.
Nam has _______________________________________________________________
We have lived here for 15 years.
We started ______________________________________________________________
English and French are spoken in Canada.
People _________________________________________________________________
They are going to invite Nam to dinner.
Nam ___________________________________________________________________
I can’t cook as well as my mother does.
My mother ______________________________________________________________
He wrote the letter in two hours.
It _____________________________________________________________________
It was such hot tea that I couldn’t drink it.
The tea _________________________________________________________________
Because she behaves well, everybody loves her.
Because of ______________________________________________________________
Unless you water the flowers everyday, they will die.
If _____________________________________________________________________
I have studied English for 3 years.
I began _______________________________________________________