Đề cương ôn tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 8

REVIEW FOR THE 2ND SEMESTER (ENGLISH 8)
A.GRAMMAR ( NGỮ PHÁP )
I. Conditional sentences type 1. (Câu điều kiện loại 1)
IF CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề If )
 MAIN CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề chính )
 If + S + V (s/es)	
 S + will/ won’t + V ( bare infinitive )	
 S+ can/must/ may/ might+ V( bare infinitive )
II. Conditional sentences type 2. (Câu điều kiện loại 2)
IF CLAUSE (Mệnh đề If )
 MAIN CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề chính )
If +S + V-ed/2 
If + S + were
S + would / could/might + V(infinitive)
S + wouldn’t / couldn’t +V (infinitive)
III .The past perfect .( Thì quá khứ hoàn thành )
(+) S + had + p.p 
(-) S+ hadn’t + p.p
(?) Had + s + p.p? 
Dấu hiệu nhận biết:Trong câu thường có các từ: before(TRƯỚC KHI ), after(sau khi), when(khi), by the time(vào thời điểm), by the end of + time in the past 
IV. PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)
 Cách chuyển từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động:
V. Future continuous .( THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN)
 (+) S + will + be + V-ing 
 (-) S + won’t + be + V-ing
 (?) Shall + S + be + V-ing?
2.Usage: 
Thì tương lai tiếp diễn được dùng để:
- .Diễn tả một hành động kéo dài trong một thời gian nào đó ở tương lai
- .Diễn tả một hành động sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai mà thời điểm không cần xác định
VI. Verb + to –Infinitive ; Verb + V-ing
Các động từ phải có V-ING theo sau
Các động từ phải có TO-V1 theo sau
deny ( từ chối ) 
dislike ( không thích )
enjoy ( thích )
finish ( hoàn thành )
keep ( tiếp tục )
mind ( phiền , ngại )
miss (nhớ , bỏ lỡ )
postpone ( trỉ hoãn )
practice (luyện tập )
suggest (đề nghị )
would you mind (có làm phiền ..ko)
to look forward to (trông mong )
to have difficulty / fun / trouble
to have a difficult time 
agree (đồng ý )
ask ( hỏi , yêu cầu )
decide ( quyết định )
expect ( mong đợi )
hope (hi vọng )
learn ( học )
need ( cần ) 
plan ( lên kế hoạch )
promise ( hứa )
refuse ( từ chối ) 
volunteer ( tình nguyện )
wait (đợi )
want ( muốn )
wish ( mong )
* Note:một số động từ như: love, hate, prefer có thể tuân theo cả hai : V-ing và to – V mà không đổi nghĩa
 VII. QUY TẮC ĐÁNH DẤU TRỌNG ÂM
1.Đánh dấu nhấn âm trên từ có âm kết thúc là -ic và -al
2. Các từ có tận cùng là: -ese, -ee, -eer, -oo, -oon, -ique, -ed, -esque thì trọng âm rơi vào những từ này 
3. Những từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên thì trọng âm (nhấn âm) rơi vào âm tiết thứ ba từ phải sang trái.
4. Những từ có tận cùng là-ity and -itive , thì trọng âm đứng trước hậu tố
VIII. CAUSE VÀ EFFECT
Cause
Effect
1. Because /Since + Clause
so + clause
2. Due to /because of + sth 
to cause sth / to lead to sth/ to result in sth
to make sbd/sth do sth
B. BÀI TẬP
I. Choose the word in each line that has different stress pattern.
A. ecology B. environment 	C. autography D. residential
A. physiography B. alternatively 	C. criminology D. unsuccessfully
A. temporary B. geology 	C. emergency D. logography
A. astrology B. unnatural 	C. medication D. demography
A. voluntary B. apology 	C. television D. nationalize
A. engineer	B. volunteer	C. mountaineer	D. reindeer
A. tropical	B. natural	C. terrible	D. destructive
A. nationality	 	B. mobility	C. equality	D. majority
A. transitive	B. effective	C. positive	D. sensitive
A. unpopular	 	B. unorganized	C. unfortunate	D. unambitious
II. Find the word which has a different sound in part underlined . Read the words out loud
1. A. other	B. leather	C. wealthy	D. brother
2. A. television	B. elephant	C. section	D. Swedish
3. A. explain	B. current	C. desire	D. electric
4. A. threaten	B. thread	C. seat	D. bread
5. A. deaf	B. leaf	C. meat	D. heat
6. A. sociable	B. ocean	C. receive	D. special
7. A. classmate	B. climate	C. adequate	D. concentrate
8. A. crooked	B. wrapped	C. fixed	D. polished
9 A. introduce	B. cousin	C. invent	D. furniture
10. A. mute	B. humor	C. junior	D. music
III. Choose A, B, C, D for each gap in the following sentences. 
Air___________, together with littering, is causing many problems in our cities today.
A. pollute 	B. pollution 	C. polluting 	D. polluted
2. The road in front of my office is always __________ when it rains heavily.
A. to flood 	B. flooding	C. flood	D. flooded
3. Singapore is famous for its __________ and green trees.
A. cleanliness 	B. cleanly 	C. cleaning 	D. clean
4. In some English speaking countries, turkey and pudding are _____ food at Christmas.
A. national 	B. historical C. traditional 	D. possible
5. The USA has a population of 304 million, and it’s the third_____ country in the world.
A. smallest	B. largest 	C. narrowest	D. highest 
6. The roof of the building _____________ in a storm a few days ago.
A. damaged 	B. was damaged C. has damaged 	D. has been damaged
7. As soon as the floodwater ___________ down, people ____________ their houses.
A. went - cleaned B. had gone – cleaned C. went - had cleanedD. had gone – had cleaned
9. If I were you, I  do something to prevent him from littering.
A. would 	B. did 	 C. will	D. do
10.Earth .............. by the gravity of the Sun and orbits around it.
A. holds	B. is held	C. is holding	D. held
11. By the time we .............. to the cinema, the film had started.
A. gets	 	B. had got	 C. has got	 D. got
12. When the policeman came there, the robber  
A. had left	B. has left	 C. left 	 D. was left
13. All people who were without homes in the flood were provided with ......... accommodation.
A. short 	B. temporary C. present	D. instant
14. Seven of ten people prefer face-to-face  when having a date.
A. language	 B. contact C. code 	D. sign
15. When thermal pollution happens, the water temperature in streams, rivers, lakes and oceans ... 
A. changes	B. keeps	 C. remains 	 D. stays
16. Australia is home to ....................... animals like kangaroos and koalas. 
A. only	B. rare	 C. unique	D. precious
17. If you were the president, what ..................... you do to help the environment?
A. will 	B. did 	 C. would	D. do
18.The Maori in New Zealand greet each other by ....................... their noses.
A. touching	B. punching	C. blowing	D. rubbing
19. I believe that our new manager has the .............. to work well in this business environment.
A. inflexible	B. flexibly C. flexibility D. flexible
20. If the factory  dumping poison into the lake, all the fish and other aquatic animals will die.
A. continues	B. continued 	C. will continue 	D. continue
21. You will recognize Jenny when you see her. She ....................... a red hat.
A. wears	B. is wearing	C. will wear	D. will be wearing
22. Little Pascal a mechanical calculator which could do additions or subtractions very quickly.
A. discovered	B. found	C. found out	D. invented
23. Robots save workers from dangerous tasks.
A. making	B. having	C. performing	 D. carrying
24. Many people believe that robots have made workers joblessthat is not necessarily true.
A. but	B. and	C. so	D. or
25. Recent developments have made robots more user-friendly and intelligent.
A. science	B. scientist	C. scientific	D. scientifically
26. Teenagers spend most of their time playing computer games, they lost their interests in daily activities. 
 A. moreover	B. so	C. however	D. as a result
27. Science and technology have the life safe, secure and comfortable.
A. transformed	B. made	C. done	D. changed
28. The teacher __________ me that I had better devote more time to science subjects such as physics, chemistry, and biology.
A. said	B. talked	C. spoke	D. told
29. Science is used in all corners of the world for the __________ of people.
A. interest	B. need	C. profits	D. benefit
30. Sciences and technology have enormous ______________ on economic development.
A. affects	B. effects	C. affect	D. effect
IV. Rewrite the following sentences so that the second sentence means the same as the first one.
1. Scientists have invented new devices to help people live a longer life. à New devices 
I don’t have enough time , so I can’t go on holiday this summer. à If ..
3/The man had a broken leg. He tried to save his wife.-àIn spie of
4. I can’t tell you because I don’t know the answer.-àIf 
5. They will do the test well. They will review them all hard. àIf
6. The rescue workers evacuated the villagers in the raged flood to the safe place last night.
The villagers in the raged flood..
7. The students will provide aids for the homeless people tomorrow. àAids
8. The people will protect the environment now. The environment will be niceàIf
9. She asked Mr. Armstrong how long he had worked on space projects.à She asked .
10. The storm destroyed many houses in this village last week. àMany houses
11. Did they give food to homeless people last year ? àWas
12.Although the weather was bad, the football match was not canceled.- àDespite
16.Many rivers and lakes are poisoned. Factories produce waste and pour it into rivers and lakes. àBecause
17. Plastic bags are a major source of waste. We should not throw plastic bags everywhere. à (so)
18. We won’t hold the festival. It costs too much money. à If 
19. The tortoise was running. The hare was sleeping. à (WHILE)
20. The girl worked hard. Her stepmother wasn’t happy. à (ALTHOUGH)
21. They provided food then cleared up the debris.
à After they..
22. “We don’t open the laboratory today.” Peter said to his colleague.
à Peter asked
23. “Will the Earth ever be visited by aliens?” Phong siad to Dr. Nelson.
à Phong
24. “How and when was the universe created?” Tom asked the presenter.
à Tom asked.
25. “ Have you ever looked through a telescope?” I asked John.
à I asked
V/Give the correct tense or form of the following verbs.
 1.I (watch)  a science fiction film on TV at 9 .00 tonight.
2. Our teacher says that new technology (make). Many workers jobless in the future.
3.Look at those clouds – I think it (rain)..
4. If you use robots to do the housework, you (become).. lazy and you (not get).. enough exercise.
5. People say that technology (change)  up entire rooms are small enough to put on desktops and into wristwatches.
6. We’ll need (call).. him more often
7. This time next week , I (lie) on the beach on Phu quoc Island
8. Thomas Edison said that none of his inventions ( come) by accident. They (be). all the result of hard work
9. By the time I( arrive)the airport, my husband( wait)..for me for an hour.
10. If the trees(be not).watered daily, they will die.
11. Air (pollute)is not good for our health.
12. Many houses( destroy)in the hurricane last night in Nghe An.
13. If the students reviewed all lessons, They(do)..the test well.
14. After the thief(leave).the house, the police (come)..
15. He ( not go ).. out last night, he ( stay ).. at home.
16. ..Lan ( learn ). English for 2 years ? - No, he ( learn ). for 3 years.
17. .you ( wear ) uniform yesterday ? No. I ( not wear ). yesterday.
18..your mother ( read ) book every night ? - No, she ( watch ) TV.
19.We (save) .. electricity if we didn’t pay much money.
20. If we use water carefully, more people (have) .. fresh water.
21. That room (paint)at this time next week.
22. He wouldn’t be ill if he (smoke) .. a lot.
23. By the time the police (come).., the thief (leave)
24. After I(finish)..the lesson, Lan went out.
25. This house ( build). in 2015.
VI. Give the correct form of the words in brackets
The soil becomes ________ because of the use of so many pesticides and fertilizers. (contaminate)
______________ waste spills can contaminate groundwater. (industry)
________ elements have been found in both ground and underground water sources. (pollute)
Fish and many other animals are killed by __________________ in their habitats. (pollute)
Astronomers are concerned about light pollution because they have _________ in viewing activities in the sky and outer space. (difficult)
___________ habitats have been destroyed in recent years. (nature)
A number of cleaning products contain _________________ chemicals. (harm)
The polluted water results in the _____________ of many aquatic animals and plants. (die)
Both French and English are ____________________ languages in Canada. (office)
NSW is the _________ of New South Wales, the most populous state in Australia. (abbreviate)
Do you know that the telephone, the television, and penicillin are Scottish _______? (invent)
Visitors can spend __________ days exploring amazing natural beauty of New Zealand. (end)
There are different kinds of _____________ provided throughout Disneyland. (entertain)
Scotland is a __________ land and this is noted for its rich and interesting history. (legend)
Niagara Falls, on the border of the USA and Canada, is one of the most __________ scenery in the world. (spectacle)
Use the correct form of the verb(s) given to complete each sentence.
The police told him to stop, but the thief kept.........(run)
I always remember ......... (turn) off all the lights before I leave my house.
What did you forget ......... (do) before you left for class this morning?
I have books and papers all over my desk. I need ......... (take) some time to straighten up my desk. It needs ......... (straighten) up
Thank you ......... (help) me carry the packages to the post office
Recently Jo has been spending most of her time ......... (do) research for a book on pioneer women
I don’t like ......... (force) ......... (leave) the room ......... (study) whenever my roommate feels like ......... (have) a party
 I hope......... (award) a scholarship for the coming semester
I don’t enjoy ......... (laugh) at by other people
If you hear any news, I want......... (tell) immediately
READING
Question I Read the passage and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D.
 Environmental pollution is a term that (1)______ to all the ways by which man pollutes his surroundings. Man dirties the air with (2)______ gases and smoke, (3)_____ the water with chemicals and other substances, and damages the (4)_____ with too many fertilizers and pesticides. Man also pollutes his surroundings (5)_____ various other ways. For example, people ruin natural beauty by (6)_____ junk and litter on the land and in the water.
 Environmental pollution is one of the most serious problems facing mankind today. Air, water and soil are necessary to the (7)_____ of all living things. Badly polluted air can cause illness, and (8)_____ death. Polluted water kills fish and other (9)_____ life. Pollution of soil reduces the amount of land that is available for growing food. Environmental pollution also brings ugliness to man’s (10)_____ beautiful world.
 1. A. means B. refers C. provides D. reduces
 2. A. thick B. natural C. exhaust D. influent
 3. A. purifies B. pumps C. sprays	 D. poisons
 4. A. soil B. forests C. streets D. beaches
 5. A. on B. in C. by D. with
 6. A. spoiling B. leaving C. scattering D. gathering
 7. A. survival B. environment C. development D. growth
 8. A. so B. ever C. too D. even
 9. A. animal B. marine C. human D. plant
10. A. nature B. natural C. naturally D. natured
Question II Read the passage and answer the questions.
Visual pollution has a greater effect on people than you may think. I remember when I went to a big city, I was really scared because so much graffiti on the buildings' wall. Then I looked up, and I saw a lot of power lines over my head. Although they were not dangerous, I still felt unsafe since I thought they might fall down. These things prevented me from enjoying the beautiful sights of the city.
I also remember the time when I was a student at a university. Once I was so busy with my assignments that I did not tidy my room for two weeks. Looking at the messy room caused me so much stress that I did not want to study. Then I decided to clean the room and put my thing in their proper places. I also bought a small plants and placed it in a corner of the room. These simple actions increased my motivation and helped me to focus on my learning.
Questions.
1.How did the author feel when she saw the power lines?
2.Why did she have that feeling?
3. What was she busy with?
4. What happened when she looked the messy room?
5. What did she do for her room?
Question III Read the text and do the tasks
Almost a hundred thousand people were killed and half a million homes destroyed as a result of an earthquake in Tokyo in 1923. The earthquake began a minute before noon when the habitants of Tokyo were cooking their midday meals. Thousand of stoves were overturned as soon as the earth began to shake . As a result, small fires broke out everywhere and quickly spread. The fire engines were prevented from going to help because many of the roads had cracked open. It was impossible to use fire fighting equipment as most of the water pipes had burst. Consequently, over ninety percent of the damage was caused by fire rather than by the collapse of buildings 
* These sentences are T (true ) or F ( false ) 
1, A hundred thousand people were killed in Tokyo in 1923 because of an earthquake
2. The earthquake began a minute before midnight 
3. The fire engines were prevented from going to help because most of the water pipes had burst
4. Over ninety percent of the damage was caused by fire
C. ORAL TEST 
Topic 1 Many famous places in the world, talk about the place you would like to visit 
Topic 2 Ways of reducing pollution at your school/in your neighborhood.
Topic 3 What are the advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phones?
Topic 4 What are the advantages and disadvantages of science and technology?