Teaching date: 8A. 8 B. Period 1: REVISION I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson, Ss will be able to: - Review all main what they have studied in the 7 th form - Practice doing some exercises 1 . Knowledge: a. Vocabulary: Review b. Grammar: Tenses: Present simple, present progressive; Be going to +V.inf . 2. Competences: Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence 3 . Qualities: - Love the English subject and use it regularly. - Proud of the culture and mother tongue. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book 2 . Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector III. Procedure : 1 . Check old lesson: No checking 2 . New lesson Teacher ’s and students ’ activities The main contents Activit y 1. Warm up Goal: To attract Ss’s attention to the lesson and to lead in the new lesson T lets students play game: review some vocabularies * Groupwork: - Divide the class into two teams - Time: 7 minutes - Each student in each team write a word you have learnt. - The team with more and correct words is the winner. Activity 2. Presentation Goal: Review some stru ctures they have learnt in class 7 T asks students to retell the way to use the present tense, past simple tense, future tense. Ss retell and give examples I. Tenses. 1 . Present tenses: simple/ cont./ perfect Ex. - Nam goes to school everyday. - He is writing a letter. - They have built that house for 3 months. 2 . Past : simple/ cont Ex. - My mother bought me a new shirt yesterday. T asks students to retell the way to use of the passive voice. Ss retell and give examples T reviews some main structures Ss listen and remember - We were having dinner when Lan came yesterday. 3 . Future : simple/ cont. Ex. - We will travel to HN next weekend. - We will be traveling by this time next month. II. Passive voice. 1 . Active: Someone does something. 2 . Passive: Something is done (by agent) Ex. - The cat eats the mouse. => The mouse is eaten by the cat. - Lan does her homework everyday. => Lan’s homework is done everyday. III. Main structures. 1 . although + a clause of concession => despite + N-phrase/ V-ing Ex. - Although he is poor, he is the best student in our class. => Despite being poor, he is the best student .. 2 . used to + V = usually + V-ed/ V2 (past habit) Ex. My father used to smoke a lot but now he isn’t any more. 3 . be/ get + used to + V-ing (present habit) Ex. Lan is used to getting up early. 4 . Degree of comparisons a. Equality: as . As b. Comparative: erthan/ more ..than c. Superlative: the est / the most Activity 3. Practice Goal: Help students do exercises ab out the structures they have reviewed T gives exercises about tenses and asks students to do it. Ss do exercise T corrects I. Correct verbs form/ tense 1 . There (be) 3 accidents on this street in the past 3 days. 2 . Is this the first time you (visit) our beautiful country? 3 . Scientists (find) cures for many illnesses in the last 50 years. 4 . My uncle's health (improve) since he ( leave) India. 5 . I (buy) a new shirt last week but I (not wear) it yet. T gives exercises about passive voice and asks students to do it. Ss do exercise T corrects T asks students to rewrite the sentences. Ss do exercises T corrects 6 . I (not see ) Lan since we (leave) school. II. Change into passive . 1 . She read the letter many times last night. 2 . Hoa met Tim at the market yesterday. 3 . She didn’t introduce me to her mother. 4 . My father planted this tree. 5 . Thu helped him do his homework. 6 . They didn’t invite me to the birthday party. 7 . they built that house in 1972 8 . Mr. Smith has taught us French for two year. 9 . They didn’t look after the children properly. 10 . Nobody swept this street last week. III. Rewrite sentences with: although/ despite 1 . She felt sick. She went to work. ( though) => 2 . I was really tired. I couldn’t sleep. ( even though) => 3 . He is very rich. He isn’t happy. ( although) => 4 . She couldn’t answer the question. She is very intelligent. (though) => 5 . He tried. He was not successful. ( though) => 6 . His life is hard. He determined to study well. => * Homework - Review all by yourself. - Prepare: Unit 1. Getting started Date of teaching: 8A. 8 B.. UNIT 1 - LEISURE ACTIVITIES Period 2: GETTING STARTED I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: - Extend and practise vocabulary related to the topic" leisure activities". - Interact a conversation about different leisure activities. - Express their own leisure activities. 1 . Knowledge : a.Vocabulary: vocabulary related to leisure activities. b. Structure: Verbs of liking + gerund/ to-infi. 2. Competences : Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence. 3 . Qualities: Express their own leisure activities happily. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book, plan 2 . Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector, loudspeaker III. Procedures: 1 . Checkup attendance. 2 . Checkup the old lesson 3 . New lesson Teacher ’s and students ’ activities The main contents Activity 1. Warm up. Goal: To attract Ss’s attention to th e lesson and to lead in the new lesson - T writes the words LEISURE ACTIVITIES on the board. - Work groups: + Divide the class into two teams. + Ask students in each team take turn to write their hobbies on board. + The team with more and correct words is the winner. - T introduces the lesson about the leisure activities. * Brainstorming. cycling Activity 2. Presentation Goal: Ss can know some voc abulary words in the convesation - T asks some questions about picture. + Where are Phuc, Mai, and Nick? + Where are they doing? + What are they holding in their hands? + What are they talking about? + Can you guess what Mai, Phuc and Nick like doing in their free time? - Ss answer the questions - T plays the recording. - Ss listen to the tape (twice) and then check the guessing. - T gives some newwords - Ss read in chorus and individually And copy all the words. - T reviews Verbs of liking + gerund/ to-infi. 1 . Listen and read * Vocabulary. - to check out: kiểm tra lại - a trick: thủ thuật, mẹo - a craft kit: bộ đồ nghề làm thủ công - savings: tiền tiết kiệm - button: cúc áo, khuy * Grammar. - I love to watch him. - I love watching him. Activity 3. Practice Goal: Ss can understand and answ er the questions about conversation - T asks Ss to work individually to circle the correct answer; compare their answer with a partner and then explain their choice. - T gives the correct answers on the screen. - T asks Ss to tick the boxes the leisure activities Mai, Phuc & Nick have - Ss tick and find the information from the conversation to explain their choice. Ex a: Circle the correct answer * Keys 1 . bookstore 2. book 3 . dog 4. craft kit 5 . folk music 6. Vietnamese Ex b. Tick the boxes the leisure activities Mai, Phuc & Nick have Ph M u c N Pet training x Making crafts x - Have Ss do this task individually first, then compare the answers with their partner. They should be able to give ideals from the text that support their answers. Reading x x Listening to music x Playing sports x x Helping parents with DIY projects x x Learning languages x Activity 4. Fu rther practice. Goal: Ss can desribe the photos about l eisure activities and complete the correct adjectives to describe some leisure activities - T asks Ss to work in pairs to match the words/ phrases in the box to the photos, then listen to check their answers. - T asks Ss to look at the picture and describe the photos Eg: 1. He is playing computer games - Ss look at the picture and describe the photos. - Ss work individually to do the task then compare their answers with a partner. Tell Ss they need to look for the surrounding key words in order to complete the task. Note that ‘good’ and ‘satisfied’ fit both items 1 and 5. 2 . Find words or phrases in the box to describe the photos. Then listen to check the answers. Key: 1 . playing computer games 2 . playing beach games 3 . doing DIY 4 . texting 5 . visiting museum 6 . making crafts 3 . Complete the sentences 1. satisfied 2 . relaxing/ exciting 3 . fun 4 . boring 5 . good Activity 5. Production Goal: Ss can talk about leisure a ctivities and share feelings about them + Work individually - T asks Ss to describe the leisure activity and give the reason why they like them + Work in groups (6 groups) - Time: 1minute - Ask each member will talk about one activity. - The group which describe more activity is the winner. Game: Changing partner. Eg: I like reading book in my free time. Because reading book helps me improve my knowledge and know what happening in our country or over the world. * Homework - Talk bout your leisure activity - Learn new words/ workbook: B1, 2, 3 - Prepare for the next lesson : A closer look 1 Date of teaching: 8A. 8 B.. UNIT 1 - LEISURE ACTIVITIES Period 3: A CLOSER LOOK 1 I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: - Practise vocabulary related to the topic" leisure activities". - Talk about leisure activities - Practise how to pronounce the clusters / br / and / pr /. 1 . Knowledge : a. Vocabulary: vocabulary related to leisure activities. b. Pronunciation: / br / and / pr / 2. Competences : Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence. 3 . Qualities: Express their own leisure activities happily. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book, plan 2. Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector, loudspeaker III. Procedures: 1. Checkup attendance. 2 . Checkup the old lesson 3 . New lesson Teacher ’s and students ’ activities The main contents Activity 1 . Warm up. Goal: To attract Ss’s attention to th e lesson and to lead in the new lesson - Work groups: + Divide the class into two teams. + Time: 3 minutes + Ask students in each team to take turn to talk about leisure activities. + The team with more and correct activities is the winner. Activity 2. Presentation. Goal: Ss can pronounce correctly the clusters / br/ and / pr /. And know some leisure activi ties in the US. T has Ss work individually to complete this task. Once they have finished. Ss work in pairs to compare their answers. T plays the recording for Ss to check and then repeat. Pause the recording to drill difficult items. T asks Ss to add more words which contain these cluster. Call Ss to make sentences with these words and practice saying them. T has Ss practice the words with the clusters first. Then ask them to repeat the whole sentences. T focuses students on studying the pie chart of leisure time on an average day then answer some questions: + What is the pie chart about? + Where can you find the information? + What do the different colors sections of the chart refer to? + How are these sections calculated? + What does the note tell you? + What are the source tell you? Ss: Answer 1 . Pronunciation Ex1. Listenand complete. Auto script: 1 . Apricot 2 . Bridge 3 . Bracelet 4 . Bread 5 . princess 6 . President 7 . President 8 .broccoli Ex 2. Listen and repeat. 2 . Vocabulary Ex1. Look at the following pie chart and answer the questions. T: Ask Ss to answer the questions that follow the chart. Ss: Answer Key: 1 . In 2012, people in the USA spent 5.1 hours a day on sport & leisure activities. 2 . The main activities they did include watching TV, socializing & communicating, reading participating in sports, exercise & recreation, using computer for leisure and thinking. 3 . The 3 most common activities were watching TV, socializing & communicating and using computer for leisure. Activity 3. Practice Goal: Students talk about their favorite activities in the freetime. T has Ss work individually to complete the task. e.g. relaxing comes from the verb relax with –ing added, and it refers to the activity. a noun made from a verb by adding –ing. Ss complete the table T corrects T asks Ss to match words with each activity Ss match T gives the feedback, encourage them to add more words in each category. Ex 2. Complete the table Key: Name of activity Verb relaxing thinking using doing watching reading socializing communicating relax think use do watch read socialize communicate Ex3. Matching. Key: 1.e 2.b 3.f 4.a 5 .d 6.h 7.c 8.g Activity 4. F urther practice. Goal: Ss can talk about act ivity which they do the most + Work in pairs T asks student to talk about activity which they do the most + name activity + Why? + How much time do they spend? + Who do they do with? Eg: I like playing sports most because it helps me relax and keep fit and stay healthy. I often spend one hour to play it. + How do they feel? . Ss talk about their favorite activity with their partner. * Homework. - Talk bout your leisure activity and pronunciation again - Prepare for the next lesson: A closer look 2 Date of teaching: 8A. 8 B.. UNIT 1 - LEISURE ACTIVITIES Period 4: A CLOSER LOOK 2 I . Objectives: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: - Use the lexical items related to the topic" leisure activities" - Use verbs of liking that are followed by gerunds/ to –infinitives - Practice doing exercises with verbs of liking. 1 . Knowledge : - Vocabulary: Review - Structure: verbs of liking + gerunds/ to –infinitives. 2. Competences : Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence. 3 . Qualities: Express their own leisure activities happily. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book, plan 2 . Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector, loudspeaker III. Procedures: 1 . Checkup attendance. 2 . Checkup the old lesson 3 . New lesson Teacher ’ and students ’ activities The main contents Activit y 1. Warm up Goal: To warm up the class and lead in the new lesson + Groupwork: - Time: 3 minutes - Divide the class into two lines. - Talk an activity (eg: I like going out with my friends; I want to go out with my friends) to the first student of the line and then he whispers with his partner and the end of line will write on the board. - The team which write right sentence is the winner T introduces the lesson Activity 2. Presentation Goal: Help Ss know how to use ver bs of liking that are followed by gerunds/ to –i nfinitives T focuses students on reviewing how the gerund is form & its functions grammatically T lets students make sentences with Verbs of liking + gerunds/ to V Ss make sentences with Verbs of liking + gerunds/ to V T presents some words. Ss copy and read 1 . Grammar: Ex. She loves going out with her friends. = She loves to go out with her friends. => Verbs of liking + gerunds/ to V 2 . Vocabulary. - adore (v) thích, tôn sung, yêu thiết tha - detest (v) ghét cay ghét đắng - fancy (v) mến, thích Activi ty 3. Practice Goal: Ss can use verbs of liking that are followed by gerunds/ to –infinitives to do e xercises T asks them to read in GETTING STARTED and underline the verbs of liking followed by gerunds or Ex 1. Underline verbs that are followed by a gerund (in getting started): Key: to-infinitives that they find in the text. T asks Ss to work individually and then compare the answers with their partners. T plays the recording for Ss to check their answers. T asks students to work invidually to complete this task, then T gives feedback to Ss as a class. - Love to watch; - enjoy listening; - liked reading Ex 2. Tick the box. Then listen and check. Key: Followed gerund only by Followed by both gerund and to-infi 1 . love ✔ 2 .enjoy ✔ 3 .detest ✔ 4 .prefer ✔ 5 .fancy ✔ Ex 3. Write the correct form of the verbs Key: 1 . making 2 . to watch/ watching 3 . skateboarding 4 . to learn/ learning 5 . sitting Activity 4. Further practice Goal: Ss can understand and make sentences with verbs of liking, then write a email to tell their friend ab out free time using verbs of liking. + Group work - Do in groups of five or six. - Give Ss time to work individually at first - Write each sentence on a strip of paper - Mix up the strips. - Each students picks up and reads out a sentence, then they guess who wrote that sentence. T has Ss quickly familiarize themselves with the e-mail by asking: - Who wrote this e-mail? - To whom? - What is it about? Ex 4. Write about you Ex 5a. Find 6 mistakes – correct Ss scan the email to find the answers. T asks Ss to work individually to find and correct the mistakes and compare their answers with classmate. T asks Ss to read the e-mail again and answer the questions. T asks Ss to work individually to write the email to tell their friend about free time using verbs of liking Ss work individually to write the email then exchange it with their partners and check for mistakes. Key: 1 . like do =>like to do/ like doing 2 . enjoy do=>enjoy doing 3. like have=> like to have/ having 4. mind to do=> mind doing 5 . hate spend=> hate to spend/ spending 6 . love eat=> love eating/ love to eat Ex 5b. Answer Key: 1. The activities Duc mentions in his e-mail are: playing video games, playing football, helping 2. The 2 activities he enjoys the most are playing football with his friends & eating out with his family Ex 6. Write an e-mail. * Homework. - Make sentences with verbs of liking that are followed by gerunds/ to –infinitives . - Write the e-mail in the notebook - Prepare for the next lesson: Communication. Date of teaching: 8A. 8 B.. UNIT 1 - LEISURE ACTIVITIES Period 5: COMMUNICATION I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: - Practice reading a forum for friends around the world to share how they spend their free time. - Give their opinions about leisure activities of some students in the text. 1. Knowledge : a. Vocabulary: Extra vocabulary about leisure activities. b. Grammar: Review 2. Competences : Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence . 3 . Qualities: Express their own leisure activities happily. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book, plan 2 . Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector, loudspeaker III. Procedures: 1 . Checkup attendance. 2 . Checkup the old lesson 3 . New lesson Teacher ’s and students ’ activities The main contents Activity 1. Warm up Goal: To warm up the cl ass and lead in the new lesson T asks some questions + What do you do in your free time? + Why do you like doing it? + How much time do you spend on leisure activities? Ss answer the questions Activity 2. Presentation Goal: Help Ss know some vocabulari es, understand the abbreviations in the text and d o exercises. T presents the vocabularies - T explains the abbreviations are informal language that is used online and in texting messages. And then introduce the first abbreviation. Then have Ss work in pairs to complete the task. Ss work in pairs 1 . Vocabulary. - window shopping = hang out - to be hooked on sth: bị mắc vào.., ham mê vào.. - to be addicted to sth: bị nghiện làm - To sound + adj ( weird / strange / challenging) 2. A bbreviations . Activity 3. Practice Goal: Ss can know to find the information from the text to complete the table + Group work - Divide the class into groups ( each group is a paragraph) - Time: 10 minutes - Ask Ss to read about some activities teenagers do in their spare time and fill in the table. - Exchange their results. - T checks and comments their results 3 . Find the information from the text to complete the table. Key: Who What activity is mentioned? What does he/ she think of it? Emily - Hanging out with friends ( window shopping) - working as a volunteer She loves it. Hang Cloud watching She adores it. It is easy. Linn Going to the community center, painting, dancing and doing drama She loves it. Minh - Playing football - helping his aunt in running cooking classes He likes it. It’s fun. Manue l - playing computer games - doing judo He’s addicted to it It’s ok Activity 4. Further practice Goal: Ss can ask and answer to give their opinions about leisure activities of some students in the text. T asks students to practice in pairs asking and giving their opinion about leisure activities. Ss practice in pairs. Eg: A: What do you think of hanging out with best friends? B: I think it is good because it can help to improve the relationship among us. And what do you think of playing computer games? A: In my opinion, It is an intertainment activity but we shouldn’t spend a lot of time on this activity because it can be addicted T asks students to practice in pairs asking and giving their opinion about leisure activities of them in free time at their school. Ss practice in pairs T asks Ss to give advices when they take part in leisure activities. Ss Ss practice in pairs Eg: A: What do you do in your freetime? B: I often playing video games A: What do you think of playingvideo games? B: I think it is good because it can help to improve the relationship among us. A: I suppose that it is not good because it can be addictive. You should spend less to play it. * Homework. - Learn new words/ workbook: C. Speaking - Prepare for the next lesson: Unit 1- Skills 1: Advantages and disadvantages of using computers or mobile phones for leisure activities. Date of teaching: 8A. 8 B.. UNIT 1 - LEISURE ACTIVITIES Period 6: SKILLS 1 I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: - Read for general and specific information about the positive and negative effects of using computers. (Scanning, skimming). - Speak and give fact or opinion about using computers and mobile phone for leisure activities. 1 . Knowledge : a. Vocabulary: Vocabulary about leisure activities b. Grammar: Review. 2. Competences : Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence . 3 . Qualities: Express their own leisure activities happily. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book, plan 2 . Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector, loudspeaker III. Procedures: 1 . Checkup attendance. 2 . Checkup the old lesson 3 . New lesson Teacher ’s and students ’ activities The main contents Activit y 1. Warm up. Goal: To warm up the c lass and lead in the new lesson T asks students to give their opinion about leisure activities Ss answer the question T introduces the lesson * Questions - What do with best friends? - What do computer games? - what do football? you think of hanging out you think of playing you think of playing Activit y 2. Presentation Goal: Ss can write about the positiv e and negative effects of using computers and know som e vocabulay words. T asks some questions about using the computer and the mobile phone. - Do you have a computer at home? - What do you use the computer for? - What do you use the mobile phone for? - What are the benefits of using computer or mobile phone? - What are the harmful things it may bring us? Ss answer the questions T writes the benefits and bad affects of using the computer and the mobile phone on the board. - T presents the vocabularies. 1 . Reading Ex 1. Discuss Benefits Bad affects - a fast and convenient way to get and send information - For entertainment, communication, education - harmful to eyes - feel tired and dizzy - Waste of time and money * Vocabulary - virtual (a): ảo - ban - ned (v): cấm (~ sb from doing st/ st) - rely on (v): dựa vào (~ sth / doing sth) - exist – ed (v): tồn tại Activi ty 3. Practice. Goal: Ss can understand the informat ion about the positive and negative effects of using compu ters and do exercises - T asks Ss to work individually to choose the best answer. They need to be able to explain their choice as well. - T tells Ss for this exercise they will need to look at the keywords in the responses in order to find out the questions. - Ss work individually then compare their answers with a partner. - T corrects their answers Ex 2: Choose the correct answers. Key: 1 .B 2 .C Ex 3. Write the qs for the answers based on information from the text. Key: 1. Is Quang’s garden real? 2 . What is the problem with using technology in your free time? 3 . What leisure activities do teenagers do these days? 4 . What are the benefits of using the computer? Activity 4. Further practice. Goal: Help Ss speak and give fact o r opinion about using computers and mobile phone for leisure activities - T explains to Ss that these speech bubbles are from Quang and his parents and then asks Ss to work in pairs to give an opinion. T gives example - Ss work in pairs, and say why they think who says what, based on the information from the passage. + Group work - Arrange Ss into three groups (the group that plays Quang, the group that plays Quang’s parents, and the group that plays his teacher.) - Ask each group to brainstorm how they are going to express their opinions. - When they are ready, put Ss into new groups which contain Quang, Quang’s parents, and Quang’s teacher. - Call on two or three groups to repeat their role-play for the class T gives advices to students when they use computers and mobile phone for leisure activities. 2 . Speaking Ex 4. Quang and his parents are talking about Example: A: In my opinion, computer games train your mind and your memory. B: That’s so true./ I’m afraid I don’t agree. Ex5. Role- play: What’s the solution? Eg: Q: I believe that my E is much better because I surf the Internet. Q’ P: I don’t agree with you. Go out and play with your friends is much better. T: I agree with you Q. However, you shouldn’t spend much time on surfing the Net. It’s not good for your eyes. * Homework. - Learn by heart vocabulary and practice talking about the benefits and bad effects of using computer or mobile phone. - Workbook: C. Speaking. - Prepare for the next lesson: Unit 1. Skills 2 Date of teaching: 8A. 8 B.. UNIT 1 - LEISURE ACTIVITIES Period 7: SKILLS 2 I. Objectives: By the end of the lesson students will be able to: - Listen to get specific information about way of spending time with friends. - Write a paragraph to discuss an opinion about leisure activities. 1 . Knowledge : - Vocabulary: Vocabulary about leisure activities 2. Competences : Linguistic competence, cooperative learning and communicative competence . 3 . Qualities: Express their own leisure activities happily. II. Teaching aids: 1 . Materials: Text book, plan 2 . Equipment: computer accessed to the Internet, projector, loudspeaker III. Procedures: 1 . Checkup attendance. 2 . Checkup the old lesson 3 . New lesson Teacher ’s and students ’ activities The main contents Activity 1. Warm up. Goal: To warm up the class and lead in the new lesson - T asks Ss to share some of the things they often enjoy doing with friends in their free time with their friends. Ask some pairs to volunteer to tell the class if they find each other’s answers interesting. 1 . Questions + What do you usually do with your friends in your free time? - We play badminton/ football/ listen to music - I hang out/ go window shopping/ eat out with friends Activity 2. P resentation. Goal: Help Ss listen to get specific info rmation about way of spending time with friends and know how to give opinion - T tells Ss that they are going to a radio programme. Ask them to look at the 2 . Listen to the radio programme and answer the questions. *Key: questions and underline the key words before T plays the recording. - T plays the recording as many times as needed. Ss work individually then compare answers with their partner. T corrects their answers T explains how to give anopinion Ss copy and give example 1 . The topic of this week’s program is hanging out with your friends. 2 . There are 2 main ways: hanging out indoors or outdoors. 3 . Listen again and complete the table. *Key: 1 . movies 2 . cinema 3 . crafts 4 . sports 5 . physical health 6 . people 7 . cultural centre * How to give an opinion 1 . introducing your opinion - In my opinion,.. - I believe.. 2 . Explaining your opinion Firstly,. Secondly, 3 . Concludsing your opinion - In short, - For these reasons, - As I have noted,. Activity 3. Practice Goal: Ss can apply how to give an opinio n to complete the passage - T has Ss cover the box and write some of these words/phrases on the board. Ask Ss where in a paragraph they often see these words and what could be the purpose for using them. Ss complete the passage 4 . Complete the following paragraph with the words in purple box. Key: 1 . In my opinion,/ I believe 2 . Firstly 3 . Secondly 4 .
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