Tài liệu tóm tắt đầy đủ ngữ pháp môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 8

Tãm t¾t ng÷ ph¸p tiÕng anh 8
1. 	Present Simple and Present Progressive tenses (Th× hiÖn t¹i ®¬n gi¶n vµ th× hiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn)
Tenses
Affirmation
Negation
Interrogation
With 
Present 
Simple 
(Th× hiÖn t¹i ®¬n)
S + am/ is/ are
S + V(s/es)
S + am/ is/ are not
S + don’t/ doesn’t + V1
Am/ Is/ Are = S +.?
Do/ Does + S + V1? 
Everyday ,always, usually, often, never, hardly, in the morning/ afternoon/ evening/ in spring/ summer/ autumn/, On Mondays/ at weekends
Present
Progressive
(ThÝ hiÖn t¹i tiÕp diÔn)
S + am/ is/ are + V-ing
S + am/ is/ are (not) + V-ing
Am/ Is/ Are + S +V-ing?
Now, at the present/ moment/ this time/ Look! Listen! Be careful! Be quiet! Hurry up
2. 	Intended Future and Future Simple .( Th× t­¬ng lai gÇn vµ t­¬ng lai ®¬n gi¶n)
Tenses
Affirmation (KĐ)
Negation (PĐ)
Interrogation (NV)
With
Intended
Future 
S + am/ is/ are + going to +V1 
S + am/ is/ are+ not + going to +V1 
Am/ Is/ Are + S + going to +V1 ?
Tomorrow, soon, tonight, next, this weekend, someday, in the future
Future 
Simple
S+ will + V1
S+ will not + V1
Will + S + V1?
	The differences between intended future and future simple: (Sự khác nhau giữa tương lai gần và tương lai đơn giản)
Intended future (Th× t­¬ng lai gÇn)
Future simple (Th× t­¬ng lai ®¬n)
1. Ý định đã được dự trù, sắp xếp trước khi nói:
 - I am going to visit New York this summer. 
2. Sự suy đoán chắc chắn dựa vào căn cứ hiện tại:
 - There are a lot of clouds. I think it is going to rain.
1. Ý định ngay khi nói hay hành động sẽ xảy ra ở tương lai không phụ thuộc vào ý định: 
 - He will come here tomorrow.
2. Ý kiến, lời hứa, hy vọng, phát biểu về một hành động trong tương lai: (think, promise, hope, expect..)
 - Wait here and I will get you a drink.
 - I think you will pass the exam.
3. Past simple tense( Thì quá khứ đơn giản)
Tenses
Affirmation
Negation
Interrogation
With 
Past 
simple
S + was/ were
S + V 2 / V– ed 
S + wasn’t/ weren’t
S + didn’t + V1 
Was/ Were + S + ?
Did + S + V1? 
Yesterday, ago, last, in 199..< 2008
Past habit: S + used to + V1 
	 * DiÔn t¶ mét thãi quen trong qu¸ khø nh­ng nay kh«ng cßn n÷a
 	(He used to go swimming when he was young.) 
4. Past progressive tense( Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn)
Tenses
Affirmation
Negation
Interrogation
With 
Past progressive 
S + was/ were
+ V_ing 
S + wasn’t/ weren’t
+ V_ing 
Was/ Were + S + V_ing ?
At this time yesterday(last week, last month), when, while
5. present perfect tense (Th× hiÖn t¹i hoµn thµnh)
Tenses
Affirmation
Negation
Interrogation
With 
Present perfect 
S + have/has + V3 
S + haven’t/hasn’t + V3 
Have/has + S+ V3 ? 
just, recently, ever, never, already, since, for, so far, yet, up to now 
6. Enough .. to: S + be (not) + adj+ enough (+ for + O) + to Inf .
A. Đồng chủ ngữ: Nam is not old. He is in my class.
Nam is not old enough to be in my class.
B. Khác chủ ngữ: This book is very interesting. You should read it.
	This book is interesting enough to for you to read. (bỏ very
7. Adjective order in a noun phrase(TrËt tù cña tÝnh tõ trong mét côm danh tõ)
(a/ an)
size
shape
age
color
national
material
Noun
A
big
round
old
black
Chinese 
wooden
chair
8. Reflexive pronouns :( Đại từ phản thân hay nhấn mạnh)
Subject
I
you
We
They
He
she
It
Reflexive pronouns
Myself
Yourself/ yourselves
Ourselves
Themselves
Himself
Herself
Itself
- Theo sau các động từ (enjoy, look at, cut, dress, serve ); cho biết chủ ngữ và tân ngữ là một người
	Oh. I cut myself. I look myself in the mirror.
- Đặt ngay sau chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ để bổ nghĩa cho chủ ngữ hay tân ngữ đó.
	I myself was new here last year. 
 I saw Tan himself yesterday.
- Đặt ngay sau từ BY mang ý nghĩa là một mình.
 You should do it by yourself.
9. Modal verbs ( §éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu) MUST - HAVE TO - OUGHT TO:
Must (Ph¶i)
Have to (ph¶i)
Ought to (ph¶I nªn)
 DiÔn t¶ sù viÖc ng­êi nãi ra lÖnh hoÆc mong ®­îc thùc hiÖn
DiÔn t¶ sù b¾t buéc m¹nh tõ bªn ngoµi
 DiÔn t¶ viÖc thùc hiÖn lêi khuyªn theo tr¸ch nhiÖm nh­ng kh«ng ch¾c ®­îc thùc hiÖn hay kh«ng
I must take some pills from the doctor.
I have to go to the bank to get some money.
You ought to apologize him
10. Comparison: (So s¸nh)
Comparison
Comparative (So s¸nh h¬n)
Superlative ( So s¸nh nhÊt)
Short adj 
( tÝnh tõ ng¾n)
S +V+ adj _er + than + S2
small → smaller; big → bigger
S + V + the adj –est + n
small → the smallest; big → the biggest
Long adj
( tÝnh tõ dµi)
S +V+ more + adj + than + S2
 expensive → more expensive
beautiful → more beautiful
S + V + the most + adj + n
expensive → the most expensive
 beautiful → the most beautiful
11. Commands, requests and invitations: (C©u mÖnh lÖnh, c©u yªu cÇu, c©u mêi)
Commands (C©u mÖnh lÖnh )
Requests (c©u yªu cÇu )
Invitations (c©u mêi()
Yªu cÇu hay ra lÖnh ai lµm g×.
B¾t ®Çu lµ ®éng tõ nguyªn mÉu.
ë phñ ®Þnh b¾t ®Çu lµ Don’t + V1.
.
- Yªu cÇu ai lµm viÖc g× ®ã cho m×nh “Can/Could/ May /Might you...?”
- §Ò nghÞ ,xin phÐp ai lµm mét viÖc g× ®ãù.
 “Can/Could/ May /Might I...?”
- Mêi mét ng­êi kh¸c dïng mét thø g× .
 “Will you have/ Would you like..?”
-Mêi mét ng­êi thùc hiÖn mét viÖc g×.
“Will/ would/ could you...? “ 
 “Would you like to ...?”
 - Go to the black board.
 - Don’t talk in the class.
 - Can you lend me some money?
 - Could I take photographs here?
- Will you have some tea?- Yes, please.
- Would you like to go now?- I’d love to.
11. Commands, requests and invitations in reported speech: (C©u mÖnh lÖnh, c©u yªu cÇu, lêi khuyªn trong c¸ch nãi gi¸n tiÕp)
 Reported speech:
1. Affirmation commands: S+ told / asked B + to V1...
2. Negation commands: S+ told / asked B + not to V1 
3. Requests: S+ told / asked+ B + to V1...
4. Advice: S + advised+ B + to V1...
 -Ng«I thø nhÊt chuyÓn vÒ cïng ng«I ng­êi nãii.
 (I he, she; me him/ her; myhis, her )
 -Ng«I thø hai chuyÓn vÒ cïng ng«I ng­êi nghe 
 (you I, we, he, she, they; you me, us, him, her, them; your my...)
 -Ng«I thø ba kh«ng ®æi ng«I (I, you, he, she, they)
 This That
 These Those
 Here There 
 Now Then
 Today That day 
 Tonight That night
Tomorrow The next/ following day
Yesterday The day before
Next week / year The following week / year
Last week / year The previous week / year
MÖnh lÖnh K§: 	 I said to Tom, “Open the book for me.” 
 I told / asked Tom to open the book for me.	
MÖnh lÖnh P§: The teacher said to us, “Don’t talk in class.”	
	 The teacher asked us not to talk in class.	
Lêi khuyªn:	 He said to his son,” You ought to do your homework tonight.” 
	He advised his son to do his homework that night.	 	
Yªu cÇu:	“Could you close this door?” said Nam to me.	
 Nam asked / requested me to close that door.
12. Passive forms. ( D¹ng bÞ ®éng)
Quan s¸t: 
C©u chñ ®éng : Mr Smith teaches English.
C©u bÞ ®éng : English is taught by Mr Smith.
Quy t¾c:
T©n ngữ chủ ®ộng -> chủ ngữ bị ®ộng.
Động từ bÞ đ®ộng: Be + PII (ed/V3).
Chủ ngữ chủ ®ộng -> t©n ngữ bị ®ộng ( trước cã giới từ by).
- S¬ ®å S V O
 S + be + PII ( ed/V3 ) + by + O
B¶ng tãm t¾t c¸c th× vµ ®éng tõ khuyÕt thiÕu trong c©u bÞ ®éng.
Present simple
S + am/ is/ are + PII ( ed/V 30 ) + ( by + O ).
Past simple
S + was, were + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + ( by + O ).
Present progressive
S + am/is/ are + being + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + ( by + O ).
Past progressive
S + was/ were + being + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + ( by + O ).
Present perfect
S + have/ has + been + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + ( by + O ).
Past perfect
S + had + been + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + ( by + O ).
Future simple
S + will + be + PII ( ed/V3) + ( by + O ).
Be going to
S + am/is/are + going to + be + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + ( by + O ).
MODEL VERBS
S + can/could/would/should + be + PII ( ed/V 3 ) + (by+O ).
 must/have to/may/might 
	13. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (C©u ®iÒu kiÖn)
1./ Real conditional sentences in the present :Type 1 ( §iÒu kiÖn cã thËt ë hiÖn t¹i)
If + S+ V(present simple) , S + Will + V (inf)
Eg : If you work harder, you will pass the next exam .
2./ Unreal conditional sentences in the present:Type 2 (§iÒu kiÖn kh«ng cã thËt ë hiÖn t¹i).
If+ S+ V(past simple) , S + Would / could / should + V (inf)
Eg : - If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world
- If he were you , he should help her.
* Note :
1./ In the unreal condition :	Be = Were with all persons
Trong c©u ®iÒu kiÖn kh«ng cã thËt: 	Be = Were cho tÊt c¶ c¸c ng«i
2./ Unless = If.......not
Eg : If you don’t go right away, you will not go to school on time
-	Unless you go right away, you will not go to school on time
3./ VP + or + clause	-	unless + S + V , clause
Eg :	Behave yourself or your parents won’t be happy
àUnless you behave yourself, your parents won’t be happy
4./ Rewrite the sentences with ‘ IF‛ : ViÕt l¹i c©u víi ‘IF’
 Present simple (+/- not) IF condition 2
Eg : If I don’t know the answer , so I can’t tell you.
	->	If I knew the answer , I could tell you .
practice
Exercise I: Supply the correct tense for the verbs in brackets
It (be).. always hot in summer in Hue.
We (not go). to the cinema last night because we. (be) ..busy.
Smoking (be). bad for your health.
Hoang (practice).. speaking English every day.
Lan (not have). a health examination last month.
We (not have) classes tomorrow.
Look! The children (not do) their homework. They (sleep)
Kim usually (go).. to school by bike. But today she (walk) to school.
Last week the doctor (fill) a cavity in my eighth tooth.
Next month, my English teacher (go) to England.
My brother (buy) me a new watch on my last birthday.
We (not go) to the cinema last night because we (be) busy.
Tom (watch) TV every night. Yesterday he (watch) it in the afternoon because there (be) an exciting football match on TV. 
We (not have) classes tomorrow.
Would you like (see). a movie?
What you (do). last weekend?
She (not watch) television every night.
This medicine will make you (feel) .better.
John (go) .to the store before he (go) .home.
Jeannette (wash). the pipettes after she (complete) the experiment
She never (stay) .. up late at night.
My mother (plant) ..flowers in the garden at the moment.
Why ...you (leave) . the party early last night?
Minh (go)  .to the dentist tomorrow morning.
You should (go) ..to bed early.
When I (open)............... the door, a friend (stand)....................... there.
When I (arrive)........................back at the car park, my car wasn’t there. “oh, what you(do)...................?” I (report)....................it to the police.
We (not see)......................Nga since Monday.
Lan (be).....................in the USA for 2 years.
I (go) .................to bed at 11 o’clock last night.
They (move).......................to London in 2003.
They (live)..................in HCM city since January.
That’s a very old bike. He (have)......................it for a long time.
I (buy)...................the motorbike 5 years ago.
Peter (be)................ill for a week.
Hoa (visit)..................her parents once a year.
When Andrew (arrive)......................at the airport, he (look)....................around but he (not can).....................see anybody there to meet him. A lot of people in uniform (hold) .................. cards with names on them. But they (not wait).....................for him.
Hoa wants(go)........................to West Lake Park this Sunday.
Nam doesn’t think so. He thinks of (watch).........................football match on TV.
After (do)....................her homework ,Lan usually listen to the play on the radio.
Ba likes sports, especially (play) ..................... football and (swim)......................
Nga sometimes has to go to school very early (do)...................her class duties.
The Y &Y members raise funds by (collect).......................used paper and bottles and broken glasses.
They hope(help).......................other people with their small projects.
It (start)...................raining an hours ago.
I (know).................Lan for some months.
When ..................Nam and Hoa first (meet)........................?
You (play)..........................football tomorrow morning?
-Yes, but Nam(not play)................................He has just hurt his leg.
Hurry! The bus (come).........................I(not want).........................to miss it.
Can you drive a car?
-No, but I (learn)......................................My father (teach)......................me.
Exercise II: Choose the best answer:
My students uniform on Sunday
A. wear	B. wearing	C. to wear	D. are wearing
We ..each other for two years.
A. have know	B. have knew	C. knew	D. have known
Listen! The birds 
A. sing	B. are sing	C. are singing	D. singing
My father ..me to the park once a week.
A. take	B. takes	C. is taking	D. has taken
The children .football in the school yard at the moment.
A. playing	B. are playing	C. to play	D. is playing
Lan is in her room now. She a letter.
A. writes	B. is writing	C. is writing	D. is writes
Jack..no trouble with his English lesson up to now.
A. looked	B. looks	C. has looked	D. was looking
At present, that author .a historical novel.
A. are writing	B. is writing	C. is writing	D. is writes
Yes, I that other fellow’s name now.
A. am remembering	B. remember	C. remembered	D. remembers
Robber.for you since noon.
A. has waited	B. waits	C. is waiting	D. have waited
I hope that you.our wedding.
A. attend	B. will attend	C. attended	D. attends
I’m going to bed. I .for hours and I’m tired.
A. worked	B. have worked	C. works	D. am working
The bees .come out of the hive since six o’clock
A. won’t	B. hasn’t	C. didn’t	D. haven’t
When I see Barbara in the street, she always at me.
A. smiled	B. has smiled	C. was smiling	D. smiles
“You are late”, he said “I think the busalready”
A. went	B. was going	C. has gone	D. goes
She often .that she could ride a bicycle.
A. wishes	B. wished	C. wish	D. wishing	
Meleeat Train Odom at present.
A. studies	B. is studying	C. are studying	D. has studies
He .for the money since last Friday.
A. was waiting	B. waited	C. has waited	D. waits
“Don’t cook a meal for me”, He said” I’ve already”
A. eaten	B. eat	C. eating	D. been eating
He’s been in Bangkok..
A. for two weeks 	B. since two weeks	C. in two weeks	D. two weeks ago
He .to his wife an hour ago.
A. talks	B. has talked	C. talking	D. talked
Harry is working at a bank
A. at the moment	B. since last year	C. a year ago	D. for a year
After having lunch heto his room to have a short rest yesterday.
A. goes	B. has gone	C. went	D. going
It’s an hour since he so he must be at the office now. 
A. is leaving	B. was leaving	C. has left	D. left
A clock ..you the time.
A. tells	B. told	C. is telling	D. has told
She hasn’t written to me.
A. already	B. yet	C. never	D. since
Hedoing the crossword puzzle in the newspaper every day.
A. likes	B. liked	C. is liking	D. has liked
The eggs .taken to the market once a week.
A. is	B. are	C. was	D. were
This is the first time I ..this kind of food.
A. eat	B. am eating	C. has eaten	D. have eaten
Look! A man after the bus. He ..to catch it
A. is running/ is wanting	B. is running/ wants	C. is running/ want	D. runs/ wants
My children .to the zoo every weekend
A. go	B. goes	C. have gone	D. are going
It’s ages since Tom us.
A. has visited	B. visited	C. visits	D. is visited
Ann ..tea very often.
A. doesn’t drink	B. don’t drink	C. didn’t drink	D. hasn’t drink
I ..my son the money for that last week.
A. give	B. gave	C. have given	D. had given
I ..lots about the job so far.
A. have learnt	B. am learning	C. had learnt	D. learnt
Bad driving often many accidents
A. caused	B. cause	C. causes	D. has caused
.a car when they were living in London in 1990?
A. Have they	B. Did they have	C. Were they having 	D. Have they had
Ted.me for weeks.
A. hasn’t phoned	B. didn’t phone	C. isn’t phoning	D. phone
My brother has enjoyed swimming since he ..young.
A. has been	B. was	C. will be	D. will be
The boys .football in the field every evening but yesterday they .basketball instead
A. played/ played	B. played/ play	C. play/ played	D. play/ play
Hurry up, Jane! We all for you.
A. wait	B. are waiting	C. waiting	D. are waiting
I can’t go with you because I ..my lessons yet.
A. didn’t finish	B. am not finishing	C. don’t finish	D. haven’t finished
He for Canada two years ago and I .him since.
A. left/ didn’t see	B. has left/ didn’t see	C. left / don’t see	D. left / haven’t seen	
I.Nick lately.
Yes, he ..into an accident 3 weeks ago. Since that time he .in hospital.
A. didn’t see/got/was	B. haven’t see/got/was	
C. haven’t see/got/ has been	D. haven’t seen / has got/ has been
. It.this week.
A. rained	B. has rained	C. was raining	D. has been having
The rain .but a strong wind is still blowing.
A. stops	B. has stopped	C. stopped	D. is stopping
Look! That man .to open the door of your car.
A. try	B. tried	C. is trying	D. has tried
Patricia.now. Please do not disturb her.
A. is sleeping	B. was sleeping	C. sleeps	D. has slept.
A child can ..easily.
A. remembered	B. remember	C. remembers	D. remembering
I haven’t seen much of you lately. We ..three months ago.
A. meet	B. last met	C. have last met	D. has last met
She at the door before she entered the office.
A. has knocked	B. knocks	C. have knocked	D. had knocked
The boywhen the explosion occurred
A. is sleeping	B. slept	C. was sleeping	D. sleeps
.everything already? Yes, he his part of work long ago.
A. Has he done	B. Did he do/has done	 C. Has he done/ did	D. Did he do/ did
She .this exercise yesterday at 8 o’clock.
A. wrote	B. has written	C. has writing	D. was writing
Ithe article when I come home.
A. translate	B. will translate	C. translated	D. was translating
Her brother in Canada at the moment
A. working	B. works	C. work	D. is working
. Iyou for ages.
A. didn’t meet	B. wasn’t meeting	C. has met	D. haven’t met
We will have supper when you ..home.
A. return	B. returned	C. have returned	D. were returning
The library before I got there.
A. closed	B. has closed	C. had closed	D. have closed
The Olympic Games.every four years.
A. take place	B. took place	C. is taking place	D. will take place
She very angry when she knows this
A. shall be	B. has been	C. was	D. will be
They .to build a new McDonalds in several days.
A. will start	B. have started	C. started	D. starts
last night, I a motorbike along a busy street in the center when I saw some strangers.
A. was rode	B. were riding	C. was riding	D. rode
I ..swim in this river when I was young.
A. used to	B. am use to	C. use to	D. am used to
When you the car, you’ll agree with me about it.
A. saw	B. have been	C. see	D. was seeing
. When I was young, I ..to be a singer.
A. want	B. was wanting	C. wanted	D. had wanted
Ted and Tommy in New York for a week.
A. have gone	B. have been	C. are	D. was
Sorry, I can’t stop now. I’m going the doctor.
A. see	B. seeing	C. to see	D. is seeing
. The books, an English dictionary and a chemistry text, ..on the shelf yesterday.
A. was	B. were	C. have been	D. are
Have you everany skiing?
A. do	B. doing	C. did	D. done
. They .that bridge when I was there last year, they haven’t finished it.
A. are building	B. built	C. was building	D. were building
I ..about you a lot lately and I have come to the conclusion that I won’t be able to live without you.
A. have think	B. have thought	C. thought	D. think	
. They .only 25 new students into the department in 1994.
A. admit	B. were admit	C. admitted	D. have admitted
. The Ajax Shoe Company25 new men next month.
A. employs	B. employed	C. will employ	D. employ
He to the theater three times this month.
A was	B. is	C. will be	D. has been
He..the experiment when the lights went out
A. was making	B. made	C. makes	D. will make	
Think carefully. I’m sure you.his name.
A. remember	B. remembered	C. will remember	D. shall remember
last night we were watching television when the power 
A. failed	B. was failing	C. had failed	D. failing
The noise from the trains .me terribly last night.
A. annoy	B. were annoying	C. annoied	D. annoyed
We .for three hours and are very tired.
A. walk	B. have walked	C. walked	D. had walked
“Good afternoon. Can I help you?” Yes, I.my watch to you for repair three weeks ago. Is it ready yet?
A. bring	B. will bring	C. brought	D. have brought
He had a bad fall while he ..his roof.
A. was repairing	B. repaired	C. repairs	D. will repair
The food in the microwave oven..ready to be served now.
A. is	B. were	C. are	D. is being
Mary will finish the work when her father ..
A. returns	B. will return	C. returned	D. was returning
My brotherin Vietnam and he ..home once a year.
A. work/returns	B. work/return	C. works/returns	D. works/return
The test ..in ten minutes’ time. You must hurry.
A. began	B. begin	C. will begin	D. has begun
. She kept looking at me while I .to the teacher.
A. were talking	B. was talking	C. talked	D. talking
His first article .in Le Monde in October 1928.
A. appears	B. appear	C. appeared	D. didn’t appeared
“Mother, I .my medicine. Can I go out now?”
A. have taken	B. had taken	C. has taken	D. will have taken
Don’t all the time. People will not be fooled by you twice.
A. lying	B. lie	C. lied	D. lies
The teacher .our class two tests so far.
A. have given	B. gave	C. gives	D. has given
They .this film last week.
A. have seen	B. saw	C. were seeing	D. see
I think he the letter.
A. answers	B. answering	C. will answer 	D is answer
They ..bored with listening to classical music now.
A. are 	B. were	C. have been	D. will be
It is the first time I ..this place
A. have visited	B. visited	C. will visit	D. had visited
I have just started English courses. I ..English grammar now.
A. study	B. studying	D. am studied	D. am studying
She .of great help to us since she ..with us.
A. has been / has lived	B. has been/ lived	C. was/ has lived	D. was/lived
She used ..me when she was in London.
A. phone	B. phoned	C. to phone	D. to phoning
Doctors and scientists..recently the benefit of fish in the diet.
A. have shown	B. show	C. are showing	D. had shown
I dinner at 6 o’clock yesterday evening.
A. cooked	B. is cooking	C. was cooing	D. have cooked
Exercise III: Sentence transformation
My wife can’t speak French. 
I wish	
What a pity you failed in your driving test.
I wish	
She won’t visit me again.
I wish	
I’m not a millionaire.
I wish	
He doesn’t have a computer.
	He wish	
Tom regretted buying the second-hand car.
Tom wished	
You’re making a lot of noise.
I wish	
I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night.
I wish	
Kieu My stains her white dress.
Kieu My wishes	
Khanh lost her handbag.
Khanh wished 
REVISION OF THE SECOND-TERM EXAMINATION (8th form)
I/ TENSES: ( thì ) 
1.Simple Present tense: ( thì hiện tại đơn )
a/ -To be: am, is, are 
b/- Ordinary verbs:
 - I/ We/ You/ They/ 2 + V - S+ don’t + V - Do+ I/ we/ you/ they/ 2 + V ? 
 - He/ She/ It/ 1 + Vs/es - S+ doesn’t + V - Does + he/ she / it/ 1 + V ?
Từ nhận diện: always, usually, often, sometimes, seldom, never, every,
2. Present continuous tense: (thì hiện tại tiếp diễn )
 S + am/ is / are + V.ing
Từ nhận diện: now, at present, at the moment, hoặc Look! ; Listen!; Be careful!;
3. Simple past tense: (thì quá khứ đơn )
- To be : was , were
I / He / She / It / 1 + was ( not ) - Was + I / he / she / it / 1 --- ?
We / You / They / 2 + were ( not ) - Were+ we/ you / they / 2 --- ?
 -Ordinary verbs: -Did + S+ V ? -S+ didn’t + V
Từ nhận diện: yesterday, last, ago, mốc thời gian ở qua khứ ví dụ 2002, 1998,
4.The near future tense: ( thì tương lai gần hay tương lai dự định )
 Diễn tả sự việc sẽ xảy ra trong tương lai nhưng được sắp xếp sẵn hay dự tính trước.
 S + am / is / are + going to + V
 S + am not / is not / are not + going to + V
 Am / Is / Are + S + going to + V ?
Ex: What are you going to do tonight? ( tối nay bạn dự định lam gì?)
 - I’m going to do my math homework. ( tôi dự định làm bài tập toán )
6. Past progressive ( Thì quá khứ tiếp diễn )
- Form: I,She,He,1 + was + Present pasticiple ( V-ing )
	You,We,They,2 + were + V-ing
- Use: - diễn tả sự kiện đang xảy ra tại một điểm thời gian xác định trong quá khứ
	Ex: What were you doing at 2 p.m. yesterday?
Diễn tả một hành động đang diễn ra thì một hành động khác đến trong quá khứ với “ When và While”
	Ex: Last night when I was doing homework, the electricity went out.
 - diễn tả hai hay nhiều sự kiện xảy ra cùng một lúc song song trong quá khứ 
 Ex: Last Friday as I was swimming at the pool, my father was visiting the City Museum.
* ALWAYS with the past progressive: always dùng với thì tiếp diễn để diễn tả sự việc lặp đi lặp lại gây cho người nói sự bực mình, khó chịu (Ex: He was always coming to work late.)
7. Present perfect tense( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành )
 I / You/ We/ They + have
 + PP ( V-ed/ V-2)
 He/ She/ It + has
Use :- Dùng để miêu tả một hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng kết quả còn lưu lại đến hiện tại với : 
 * Since + mốc thời gian; For + Khoảng thời gian
 Ex: You have studied English for 4 years.
	 Ex: She has studied English since 2003
 - Dùng để diễn tả hành động vừa mới xảy ra với “ JUST ”- She has just gone out.
 - Dùng để diễn đạt điều gì đó xảy ra sớm hơn mong đợi hoặc để nhấn mạnh một hành động đã được hoàn tất với “ already: đã.rồi)
	- Dùng để diễn đạt điều gì đó được mong đợi ở tương lai hoặc để nhấn mạnh một hành động chưa được hoàn tất với (Yet: chưa; Not.yet) chỉ được dùng trong câu phủ định và câu hỏi
	Ex: He hasn’t finished his work yet.
 - Câu hỏi với “ Ever: từng”và câu trả lời với “ Never: chưa bao giờ”
 Ex: Have you ever been to Hue? I have never gone. 
Exercises: Simple past & past progressive:
1. The door bell (ring) ____________while Tom (watch) ______________-TV.
2. How fast you (drive) ____________when the accident (happen)__________________?
3. Ann and Susan (make) ___________dinner when Martin __________________(arrive). 
4. The light (go) ________out while we (have) _________dinner.But it (come) _______on again after ten minutes.
5. What you (do) _________at this time yesterday? - I (work) ___________on the computer.
Exercises: Simple past & present perfect;
1. We ( move ) ___________here in 1993. We ( be) ____________here for a long time.
2. Tom ( left) ____________a message for you. He (ring) ___________last night.
3. I (work) _____________for a company for a year that was after college.
4. Her son (not visit) ________________her for a long time. 
Exercise: Simple present & simple future:
1. We ( go) ___________out when the rain (stop)__________________.
2. She ( not/come) ___________until you (be) _______________ready.
3. I (come) ____________--and see them before I ( leave) ______________here.
4. We ( phone) ___________you as soon as we ( arrive ) _____________in Hanoi.
5. When I (see) __________Mr. Pike tomorrow, I ( give) ___________him your message.
6. He promises he ( come) ___________before the sun (rise)_____________
Exercise: Supply the correct form of the verbs in the brackets in the correct form:
1 .The Moon (move)..............around the Earth .
2 ....................you (watch ) ....................the soccer match yesterday.?
3 .My mother (travel)..............................Hai Phong tomorrow.
4 .We (live)...............in Dak Lak for ten years
5. She (stay) ............ here for 2 weeks.
6. We should go home. It (get) ......... darker and darker.
7. Water ( boil)............. at 1000C
8. I (meet) ............... Lan at the station yesterday.
9. Would you mind (take) ...........................some photos?
10. It was late, so we decided (take)........................... a taxi home
II/ In order(not) to/ so as(not) to + inf (để) : chỉ mục đích
Exercise:
1/ Thanh and Nga are going to Australia. They want to learn English. ................................................................
2/ She wore warm clothes. She didn’t want to get cold. .......................................................................................
3/ My elder brother studies hard this year. He wants to pass the entrance exam to the university.
.............................................................................................................................................................................
III/ Modal “will” to make Requests, Offers and Promises: “will” dùng để diễn tả lời yêu cầu, lời đề nghị và lời hứa
- Will you +. , please? Diễn tả lời yêu cầu. - Ex: Will you turn of the fan, please ? - I’m cold. 
- I will +................? Diễn tả lời đề nghị làm điều gì cho ai . -Ex: The phone is ringing . I’ll answer for you.
- I promises I will +........... : Diễn tả lời hứa - Ex: I promise I will go to school on time
IV/ Passive forms: Thể Bị Động
*Form : S + BE + past participle (PP)
1. Present simple(Hiện tại đơn) : S+am/is/are + PP
2. Present progressive(Hiện tại tiếp diễn) : S + am/is/are+being + PP
3. Present perfest(Hiện tại Hòan thành): S + have/has + been + PP
4. Past simple (Quá khứ đơn) : S + was/were + PP
5. Past progressive (Quá khứ tiếp diễn): S + was/were + being + PP
6. Future simple(Tương lai đơn) : S + will+ be + PP	
7. Near future (Tương lai gần): S + to be(am/is/are)+going to+ Be + PP
* Exercise:Turn these sentences into Passive Voice:
1.Taxis and buses are taking tourists around the city . ..
2.Lan has made these cakes. ..
3.The interviewer will ask you a lot of questions
4.They were cutting grass when the car stopped near the gate.
5.I meet John at the bus-stop every morning
6. She wrote that letter last night. 
7. They are going to paint their house. ..
V/ Adjectives followed by an infinitive or a clause. (Tính từ được theo sau bởi một động từ nguyên mẫu hoặc một mệnh đề danh từ)
1. S + be + adjective + (not)+ to- inf . Ex .: I’m glad to meet you again.
2. S + be + Adj + that clause Ex: I’m glad that you can make