Tài liệu ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12

Ngày soạn: /10 /2015.
Ngày dạy : / 11/ 2015.
WEEK 6	
	PERIOD 6: REVISION 6
UNIT 6: AN EXCURSION 
I. Objectives: 
1. Educational aim: For the students, to revise the grammar knowledge and vocabulary in unit 6. 
2. Knowledge: 
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 
-review vocabulary and use some active words relating to excursion(going on a picnic.)
 - review and practice with the present continuous, be going to
- review and practice with the two vowels.
- How to pronounce exactly 
3. Skills: Improve students’ speaking, reading and writing skill.
II. Methods: Integrated, mainly communicative approach.
III. Teaching aids: Student’s book, student’s workbook, handouts.
IV. Anticipated problems:
Ss may confuse the use of the two tenses
V. Procedure:	
1. T checks the attendance
2. T delivers the handouts to the students.
3. T asks Ss to do the exercises individually
4. T calls on Ss to give their answers and give explaination if necessary.
5. T checks, corrects the answers and gives feedback.
HANDOUT
THE PRESENT PROGRESS / BE GOING TO / WILL
( PHÂN BIỆT : HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN - TƯƠNG LAI GẦN - TƯƠNG LAI ĐƠN )
1) Thì tương lai đơn: S + will/shall + Vinf
Chỉ lời hứa, việc không có chuẩn bị trước
Ex: A - My car is broken down !
 B - Don't worry ! I will repair it for you.
Giải thích: Vì B không hề biết trước A có xe hư nên không có chuẩn bị gì mà chỉ đột xuất nên ta dùng tương lai đơn.
2) Thì tương lai gần: S + is / am / are + going to + Vinf
- Chỉ một hành động đã có ý định làm.
- Chỉ một dự đoán.
Ex: - Oh, your luggage is ready now. What time are you going to leave ? ( hành lý đã sẳn sàng, bạn định mấy giờ khởi hành? )
A: Look at those dark clouds! ( nhìn mây đen kìa! )
B: Yes, it is going to rain soon ( ừ, trời sắp mưa rồi )
3) Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn: S + is/am/are +Ving
- Chỉ hành động đã chuẩn bị kế hoạch sẳn, thường có thời gian cụ thể hoặc một kế hoạch lớn, quan trọng đã quyết định làm thường có thời gian xác định
Ex: We are having a party next Sunday. Would you like to come? ( chúng tôi có tổ chức 1 bữa tiệc vào chủ nhật tới, mời bạn đến dự  )
Giải thích: Đã mời người ta thì chuyện đó phải đã được chuẩn bị hết rồi.
4) So sánh giữa hiện tại tiếp diễn và tương lai gần:
- Hiện tại tiếp diễn chắc hơn, dấu hiệu : có thời gian cụ thể, có lời mời (would you like...), chuyện quan trọng ( đám cưới, xây nhà, mua xe ...)
Ex: I am having my house built next week. ( tuần tới tôi sẽ xây nhà)
We're all going to have a meal. There'll be about ten of us. - Oh, that'll be nice. 
Ta có thể dùngPresent Continuous giống như “be going to”. 
- We're going to drive/We're driving down to the South of France. 
- That'll be a long journey. 
- Yes, it'll take two days. We'll arrive on Sunday. 
PRACTICE TEST
I. PRONUNCIATION
A. Choose the word that has the underlined letter(s) pronounced differently from the rest.
1. a. wood	b. cook	c. blood	d. push
2. a. excursion	b. sunburst	c. nurse	d. picture
3. a. weather	b. ready	c. early	d. instead
4. a. caves	b. marks	c. exams	d. days
5. a. site	b. trip	c. city 	d. invention
B. Choose the word whose main stress is placed differently from the others.
1.a. excursion	b. spacious	c. resume	d. pagoda
2. a. relax 	b. permit 	c. picnic 	d. visit
3. a. glorious	b. possible 	c. p protective 	d. necessary
4. a. persuade 	b. believe 	c. instead	d. anxious
5. a. picturesque 	b. campfire 	c. occupied 	d. photograph
II. VOCABULARY AND EXPRESSION
Choose the one word or phrase - h, c or d that best completes the sentence or substitutes for the underlined word or phrase.
1. I work from Tuesday to Saturday, and Sunday and Monday are my...............
	a. working days	b. days out	c. breaks	d. days off 
2. The cottage is surrounded by the most glorious countryside.
	a. ordinary	b. honorable	c. beautiful	d. gloomy,
3. We've recently studied the....................of stones in the kidneys.
	a. building	b. formation	c. structure	d. block
4. Your tour includes a one-day.................to the Grand Canyon by air.
	a. camping	b. travel	c. excursion	d. visit
5. The cheese is soft and 'white and absolutely................... 	
	a. tasteful	b. glorious	c. delicious	d. interesting
6. You could use fluorescent lamps instead of ordinary light bulbs. 
 a. in replacement	 b. in order for	c. on payment for 	 d. in place of
7. He did finally come with us, although it took a long time to..........him.
 	a. believe	b. permit	c. persuade	d. take
8. You are not allowed to camp here without ................
	a. permission	b. persuasion	c. protection	d. decision
9. File town is a popular........................for art lovers.
	a. destination	b. arrival	c. department	d. visitation
10. Don't throw away the ................ We can have them for supper.
	a. sundeck	b. photos	c. food	d. leftovers
III. GRAMMAR AND STRUCTURE
1. Choose the one word or phrase – a, b, c or d - that best completes the sentence.
1. My parents .............. tomorrow to stay with me for a few days.
	a. come	b. will have come	 c. are commit	d. came
2. I'll return Bob's pen to him the next time I.............him.
	a. see	b. will see	c. I'm going to see	 d. have seen
3. The firework display, part of the city's centenary celebration,.......... place on the 21st August in Cannon Park.
	a. will take	b. is taking	c. is going to take 	d. takes
4. This is the first time we..............to Scotland so it's all new to us.
	a. are going	b. Were	c. have been	d. will go
5. Look at those cars! They................!
	a. will crash	b. are crashing	c. will be crashed 	d. are going to crash
6. We hope the excursion will help us	a lot after working hard.
	a. relax	b. relaxing	e. relaxed	d. be relaxed
7. Goodnight. I................. you in the morning.
	a. see	b. am seeing,	c. am going to see 	d. will see. 
8. What's in the letter? Why...................
	a. don't you let me to read it	b. don't you let me reading it
	c. won't you let rue read it	d. won't you let me to read it
9. Only in this house ................safe and secure.
	a. I feel	b. do I feel	c. I do feel	d. feel 1
10. Hurry. The next bus.....................at 7:15.
	a. leave	b. leaves	c. is leaving	d. will leave
11. Nobody can persuade her.....................her mind.
	a. change	b. to change	c. changing	d. changed
12. 'We're having a party at the weekend' 'Great! Who........................
 a. will being invited	b. is going to invite
	c. is going to be .invited	d. will invite
13. I'll give you a map.................
in order for you find the way all right.
so that you will find the way all right.
in order that you can find the way all right.
b and c are all correct.
14. He was busy ................. his homework.
	a. doing	b. to do	c. that he was doing	d. he was doing
15. 'Are Alice and Tom still living in New York? "No, they....................to Dallas,'
	a. are moving.	b. had already moved
	c. have just moved	d. will moved
2. Identify the One underlined word or phrase - A, B, C or D - that must be changed for the sentence to be correct.
1. We are going to study tonight until we will finish this chapter
	 A	B	C	D
2. Only in the last few years people have begun to use home computers.
 A	B	C	D
3. Have you heard the news? The President has been shooting!
	A	B	C	D
4. The girl whom you met last night was used to be a singer.
 A	B	C	 D
5. They are going to have to leave soon, and so do we.
	A	B	C 	D
6. Not until the early 1960s did the birthrate in the United States began to decline.
	A 	B 	C	 D 
7. I'll fly to Mars next week. I've already gotten a ticket.
	A	B	C	D
8. Look! That plane is flying towards the airport. It's landing
	A	B	C	D
9. Many insects make sound because they have no vocal apparatus in their throats.
 	A	B	C	D
10. The rock formations in the Valley of Fire in Nevada has been worn into 
	A	B
many strange shapes by the action of wind and water.
	C	D
IV. READING COMPREHENSION
 Read the passage carefully, then choose the one best answer, a, b, cord.
For the last few months I have spent every Saturday in my flat and have done nothing more exciting than work at home, read the newspapers and watch television. I had begun feeling, bored with this and so, last weekend I though I would do something different. I rang up several of my friends and we decided to go to London for the day. I was really excited as I hadn't been to London since I was ten. We decided to go by coach as this was by far the cheapest means of transport that was available even though it meant that we needed to get up very early. Once in London we decided to take a sightseeing tour as we wanted to see some of the famous buildings. After the tour we bought some sandwiches and ate them in a small park. In the afternoon two of us went shopping and the others went to the theater. We met up again at 6:30 p.m. and went to a small restaurant in Soho. The meal was really good but, unfortunately, it took much longer than we had expected. We had to get a taxi back to the coach station. Luckily, we got there just two minutes before our coach left.
What has the write done for the last few months?
Why was the writer really excited about going to London?
.
How did they get to London?
What did they do in London?
What did they do after the tour?
..
How was the meal?
V. WRITING
Rewrite these sentences so that it has a similar meaning to the first one
1. It was breakfast-time when Susan rang.
-> when 
2. Adrian's job interview is on 17 October.
-> Adrian is having ..
3. The last time I went swimming was when we were in Spain.
-> I haven’t .
4. They spoke too quickly for us to understand. (so..that)
->.
5. I started teaching English at Nguyen Binh Khiem high school 5 years ago.
->I have . 
-> It is .. 
6. I began to work as a doctor in 2008.
-> I have..
7. This is the first time I have seen this film.
-> I have  
Further Exercise: Write the following sentences in the most likely form (present progressive or be going to)
1. I am afraid I cannot come to dinner on Saturday. I .. Tim (meet)
2. My cousins . to stay with us on the weekend (come)
3. Look at that car ! It .. that tree (hit)
4. Did you hear that the company . a new factory ? (open)
5. Kate is really unhappy at work so she .. a new job soon. (look for)
6. At 9.00 on Monday she .. to the hairdresser. (go)
7. She looks really upset. I think she ... (cry)
8. Look at the sky! It . a lovely day today. (be)
9. Yes, I’ll join you all this evening. I .(not work)
10. There’s no point in running now. We .. the bus anyway. (miss)
Ngày soạn: 20/10 /2015.
Ngày dạy : / 10/ 2015.
WEEK 5	
	PERIOD 5: REVISION 5
UNIT 5	TECHNOLOGY AND YOU
I. Objectives: 
1. Educational aim: For the students, to revise the grammar knowledge and vocabulary in unit 5. 
2. Knowledge: 
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 
-review vocabulary and use some active words relating to information technology.
 - review and practice with the present perfect and the present perfect passive, pronouns: who, which, that
- review and practice with the two vowels.
- How to pronounce exactly 
3. Skills: Improve students’ speaking, reading and writing skill.
II. Methods: Integrated, mainly communicative approach.
III. Teaching aids: Student’s book, student’s workbook, handouts.
IV. Anticipated problems:
Ss may confuse the use of some special verbs: stop, regret, have difficulty identifying part of speech.
V. Procedure:	
1. T checks the attendance
2. T delivers the handouts to the students.
3. T asks Ss to do the exercises individually
4. T calls on Ss to give their answers and give explaination if necessary.
5. T checks, corrects the answers and gives feedback.
HANDOUT
I. PRONUNCIATION:
1. Tick the column that matches the sound in. the italicized letter(s).
/ /
/u:/
/ /
/u:/
shoot
boot
full
rude
true
football
July
shoe
look
put
good
soup
should
wool
through
school
wood
push
fruit
fool
II. VOCABULARY and GRAMMAR:
1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words in the box. Use your dictionary if you need.
laptops	hard	downloaded	virus	Internet	scanner
websites 	surfing	software	chat forum	floppy
1 . It's so easy to use a........................when you want to send photographs to friends by e-mail. Its just like using a photocopier.
I've lost a lot of data. I wonder if my computer has a.................... 	
I'm always impressed by people who carry their...............on aero planes and work on them during the flight.
Those ................ disks don't store nearly enough information. You really need to use your ................disk for all the data you want to store.
If you want some photos of the USA. you could just try................the Web. You'll be amazed how many you can find.
I belong to a `great......................... There are about ten people who are all interested in 1960s music. We e-mail one another almost every day, and can talk live to one another..
I................a good program from the Internet the other day. Would you like a copy?
Do you ever visit any ..................for pop stars or film stars'? Some of them have photos and music too.
..................... is the programs that you put into a computer to make it run.
Students should be encouraged to use the........................as a resource.
 2. Choose the best answer A, B, C or D to complete each of the following sentences.
1. Yoko told me about students .. have taken the entrance exam 13 times.
	 a. who	b. whom	c. which	d. that
2. The secretary....................I talked to didn't know where the meeting was.
	a. which	b. whom	c. that	d. θ
need to talk to a person ......................you cap trust. You will feel better if you do.
	a. whose	b. which 	c. whom	d. θ
Bob is the kind of person to...................one can talk about anything. 
	a. who	b. whom	d. that	d. him
He is a person...................friends trust him.
	a. who	b. his	c. that	d. whose
Fm looking for an electric can opener......................also can sharpen knives.
	a. who	b. which	c. that	d. θ
People .................. live in glass houses shouldn't throw stones.
	who	b. whom	c. which	d. θ
The problems .................. Tony has seem insurmountable.
	a. what	b. he	c. that	d. θ
The man ............. I introduced you to last night may be the next president of the university.
	a. which	b. whom	c. that	d. θ
Cathy is trustworthy. She's a person upon ............... You can always depend.
	a. who	b. whom	c. that	d. θ
Your career should focus on a field in...............you are genuinely interested.
	a. which	b. what	c. that	d. θ
People ................. outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
	a. whose	b. whom	c. that	d. which
Ms. Donaldson,................. teaches linguistics at the university, recently received recognition for her research.
	a. who	b. whom	c. which	d. that
14. The earth, ................ is the fifth largest planet in the solar system, is the third planet from the sun.
	a. who	b. whom	c. which	d. that
The check................I gave Oliver was for work he'd done for me.
	a. who	b. which	c. that	d. θ
Melanie was looking after a dog..............leg had been broken in an accident.
	a. which	b. whose	that	d. its
One of the people arrested was Mary Arundel, ................. is a member of the local council.
	a. that	b. who	c. whom	d. 0
The Titanic,................sank in 1922, was supposed to be unsinkable.
	a. whose	that .	 c. which	d. who
The Newspaper is owned by the Mearson Group, ....................... chairman is Sir James Bex.
	a. which	c. that	c. who	d. whose
She is one of the few people to ............. I look up.
	a. who	b. whom	c. that	d. 0
3. Read the following passage and put the verbs in the correct form, present perfect or past simple.
Twenty years ago few people (1).................(realize) that computers were about to become part of our daily lives. This short period of time (2)............(see) enormous changes, in business. education and administration. jobs which (3)...............(take) weeks to complete in the past, are now carried out in minutes. Clerks who (4)..................... (spend) all day copying and checking calculations are now freed from these tedious tasks. In offices, the soft hum and clicking of word processors (5)................(replace) the clatter of typewriters. Schoolchildren (6)................(become) as familiar with hardware and software as their parents (7) ................ (be) with pencils and exercise books. Computerization of public records (8)....................(enable) government departments to analyze the needs of citizens in detail. Some of us may wonder, however, whether life (9)...............(really/ improve) as a result of these chimes. Many jobs (10)............... (disappear), for example, when intelligent machines (11)...............(take) over the work. Employers complain that clerical staff (12)................(become) dependent on calculators and cannot do simple arithmetic. There are fears that government (13)...............(not/do) enough to ensure that personal information held on computers is really kept secret. Certainly, many people may now be wondering whether the spread of computers (14)..................(bring) us as many problems as it (15).............. (solve).
3. Fill in the blank with a verb from the box in the correct tense of the passive. Use each verb once only.
do	used to drink already pay freeze 	beat
cut	blow down	 collect	speak	leave
1 . Mary kept trying to talk to me while my hair 	
This money box ____________ for two years.
A lot of trees 	in the storm last summer.
Those suitcases 	behind if you aren't careful.
The rent______________ , I think.
Spanish 	differently in Spain and in Colombia.
7.	___________ any tests 	 since last month.
Beer___________ for breakfast in England years ago.
At present the champagne glasses 	in a big box.
When we came the stadium, the home team 	 by 3 to 1.
III. WRITING
Use the words and phrases to make sentences in the present perfect passive. Make any other necessary changes and additions.
1. These words/ spell! wrongly?
	______________________________________________
Mike/ offer/ opportunity; study abroad.
	______________________________________________
The package/ deliver/ yet?
	______________________________________________
Have you heard about David? He/ attack/ a bull.
	______________________________________________
Three hostages/ murder/ terrorists.
	______________________________________________
Millions of pounds' worth of damage/ cause,' a storm.
	______________________________________________
Me house at the end of the street/ sell/ last month.
	______________________________________________
you/ ever bite/ a dog?
	______________________________________________
These machines/ not use/ at least five years.
	______________________________________________
The road/ block/ an hour/ after/ accident.
	______________________________________________
IX. Combine these pairs of sentences. Use a relative pronoun only when necessary. Use commas for non-defining relative clause. 
1. I bought a cell phone. I can use it to send and receive e-mail.
	____________________________________________________________________
My new cell phone has become a necessary part of life. I only bought it a month ago.
	____________________________________________________________________
My roommate has never been on the Internet. She is afraid of computers.
	____________________________________________________________________
Now, there are psychologists. They help technophobes use technology.
	____________________________________________________________________
A lot of people suffer from techno stress. Those people work in my office.
	____________________________________________________________________
Some people dream of a job. They can do the job without technology.
	____________________________________________________________________
My stereo doesn't work today. It worked yesterday.
	____________________________________________________________________
The man is a computer expert. You were talking to him.
	____________________________________________________________________
Some documents have been found. They were stolen from a car.
	____________________________________________________________________
Dr. Michelle Weil wrote a book about 'techno stress'. She is a psychologist.
	____________________________________________________________________
He works for a computer magazine. The magazine is very popular in Mexico.
	____________________________________________________________________
Marta has a brother. Her brother's name is Manuel.
	____________________________________________________________________
IV. READING
1. Choose the correct form of verbs to fill in each blank.
Singapore housewife invents useful device
A useful device for getting rid of cockroaches (1).................by a housewife. The device (2).............'Stop-Roach' and will soon be on sale in department store and large shops.
'Stop-Roach' (3)................ of a hollow cylinder and movable valve. It (4)................ in any drain or opening where there are cockroaches. Cockroaches (5)................. to enter the house through the drain (6)............ it impossible to get through the device.
'Stop-Roach' (7) ............... to thorough tests by the Environment Ministry and the invention has now been patented. It (8)........................completely foolproof against invasions of cockroaches from drains and sewers.
It (9) ...............that 'Stop-Roach' (10)....................on sale very soon for under ten dollars.
1. 	a. has just .invented	b. has just been invented c. just invented	d. was just invented
2. 	a. calls	b. called	c. is called	d. was called
3.	a. consists	b. is consisted	c. has consisted	d. has been consisted
4.	a. places	b. is placing	c. is placed	d. has placed
5.	a. try	b. trying	c. tried	d. are trying
6.	a. will find	b. will be found	c. find	d. have found
7. 	a. subjected	b. are subjecting	c. has subjected	d. has been subjected
8. 	a. has found	b. found	c. was found	d. has been found
9.	a. expects	b. is expected	c. has expected	d. has been expected
10.a. is	b. will	c. will be	d. has been
2. Read the following passage. Choose the correct answer - a, b, c, or d.
One step beyond automated machines is the industrial robot, the heart and brain of which is the microcomputer. Unlike most automated machines, industrial robots can be programmed to do a variety of tasks that are usually accomplished by human factory workers. Like their human counterparts, industrial robots can be switched from one job to another and can be programmed to handle new tasks. Thus far, robots have found their greatest use in assembling mechanical components. However, they are swiftly branching from basic assembly operations to construction and mining, and their most glamorous use of all, the exploration of oceans and outer space.
1. The author's main purpose in writing this passage is to ..................	
a. describe the industrial robot and its uses.
b. narrate a story about the industrial robot.
c. compare the industrial robot to human factory. workers.
d. argue the advantages of the industrial robot.
2. The author's reaction to an innovative form of transportation, such as the electric car, would most likely be ...............	
	a. positive	b. negative	c. confusion	d. surprise
3. The paragraph following this passage would most likely be about.................
types and uses of automated machines.
how industrial robots are used in exploration.
the uses of the microcomputer.
how robots assemble mechanical components.
4. This passage would most likely be found in ....................	
	a. an entertainment magazine.	b. a medical journal.
	c. a book of short stories.	d. a popular science journal.
5. It can be concluded from this passage that....................... 	
robots will never replace human factory workers.
industrial robots are not as versatile as automated machines. 
the microcomputer will soon be used in automated machines.
d. additional uses will be found for the industrial robot.
Feedback/ comments:
Ngày soạn: /12 /2015.
Ngày dạy : / 12/ 2015.
WEEKS 9+10	
	PERIOD 7: REVISION 7
	THE MASS MEDIA
I. Objectives: 
1. Educational aim: For the students, to revise the grammar knowledge and vocabulary in unit 7. 
2. Knowledge: 
By the end of the lesson, students will be able to: 
-review vocabulary and use some active words relating to the mass media. 
 - review and practice with the present perfect, because of and inspite of
- review and practice with the three dipthongs
3. Skills: Improve students’ speaking, reading and writing skill.
II. Methods: Integrated, mainly communicative approach.
III. Teaching aids: Student’s book, student’s workbook, handouts.
IV. Anticipated problems:
Ss may confuse the use of because of and inspite of
V. Procedure:	
1. T checks the attendance
2. T delivers the handouts to the students.
3. T asks Ss to do the exercises individually
4. T calls on Ss to give their answers and give explaination if necessary.
5. T checks, corrects the answers and gives feedback.
HANDOUT
I. The Present Perfect Tense ( Thì hiện tại hoàn thành)
1. Cách chia : 	
KĐ
S + have/ has + PP ( V-ed / V3 ).
PĐ
S + have not ( haven’t) + PP ( V-ed / V3 ).
 has not ( hasn’t) 
NV
Have/ Has + S + PP ( V-ed / V3 ).
( I/ We/ You/ They/ Số nhiều + have ) ( He/ She / It/ Số ít + has )
2. Cách dùng : 
* Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong qkhứ kết quả còn lưu lại trong hiện tại.
	- They have cooked some special dishes.
	- She has finished her project.
* Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ nhưng không xác định rõ thời gian. 
 - I have already seen that film.
* Hành động xảy ra trong quá khứ còn kéo dài đến hiện tại và tương lai, thường dùng với:
	Since + mốc thời gian ( Since when?)
	 For + quãng thời gian ( How long?)
- They have lived here for ten years.
 - My mother has been sick since yesterday.
 * Hành động lặp đi lặp lại trong qkhứ.
	 - I have read that book three times.
3. Các trạng từ thường dùng:
Just , recently, not ....yet, yet, never, ever, already, so far, until/till now, up to/till now, up to present .................
II. Although vs. In spite of – Because vs. Because of
Although/ though/ even though/ much as + clause (mệnh đề)
Despite / in spite of + noun/ noun phrases (cụm danh từ)
Because / since/ as/ for + clause (mệnh đề)
Because of + noun/ noun phrases (cụm danh từ)
Các công thức biến đổi từ mệnh đề sang cụm từ như sau: 
Nếu chủ ngữ 2 mệnh đề giống nhau: Bỏ chủ ngữ, động từ thêm ING . 
Although Tom got up late, he got to school on time. 
Despite / in spite of getting up late, Tom got to school on time. 
Nếu chủ từ là danh từ + be + tính từ: Đem tính từ đặt trứoc danh từ, bỏ to be 
Although the rain is heavy,....... 
 N	ADJ
Despite / in spite of the heavy rain, ...... 
 ADJ N
Nếu mệnh đề gồm đại từ + be + tính từ : Đổi đại từ(I, We, You, They, She, He, It) thành tính từ sỡ hửu(my, our, your, their, her, his, its), đổi tính từ thành danh từ, bỏ be 
Although He was sick,........ 
Despite / in spite of his sickness,....... 
Nếu mệnh đề gồm đại từ + động từ + trạng từ: Đổi đại từ thành sở hữu, động từ thành danh từ, trạng từ thành tính từ đặt trước danh từ 
Although he behaved impolitely,..... 
Despite / in spite of his impolite behavior ,......... 
Nếu câu có dạng : there be + danh từ: Thì bỏ there be 
Although there was an accident ,..... 
Despite / in spite of an accident,...... 
Đây là các công thức chung nhất, còn nhiều trường hợp đặc biệt và phức tạp hơn, cần giải quyết linh hoạt bằng các phương pháp biến đổi từ loại
Although a special guest attended suddenly in the party,
In spite of the sudden attendance of a special guest in the party,
Trong câu này, trạng từ suddenly chuyển thành tính từ sudden, động từ attend chuyển thành attendance và không có đại từ nên đã sử dụng cấu trúc sở hữu với of
6) Nếu câu có dạng : It (be) + tính từ về thời tiết 
=> Đổi tính từ thành danh từ thêm the phía trước.
Although it was rainy, .....
=> Despite / in spite of the rain, .
Các tính từ và danh từ thường gặp trong mẫu này là:
Foggy => fog  ( sương mù  )	Snowy => snow (tuyết)
Rainy => rain (mưa)	Stormy => storm ( bão)
7) Nếu câu có dạng: Danh từ + (be) + p.p   ( câu bị động)
=> Đổi p.p thành danh từ, thêm the phía trước và of phía sau, danh từ câu trên đem xuống để sau of
Although television was invented, .....
=> Despite / in spite of the invention of television, .
 8) Phương pháp cuối cùng cũng là phương pháp dễ nhất : thêm the fact that trước mệnh đề.
Phương pháp này áp dụng được cho mọi câu mà không cần phân tích xem nó thuộc mẫu này, tuy nhiên phương pháp này không được khuyến khích sử dụng vì suy cho cùng những biến đổi trên đây  là rèn luyện cho các em cách sử dụng các cấu trúc câu, do đó nếu câu nào cũng thêm the fact that rồi viết lại hết thì các em sẽ không nâng cao được trình độ. Phương pháp này chỉ áp dụng khi gặp câu quá phức tạp mà không có cách nào biến đổi. Một trường hợp khác mà các em có thể sử dụng nữa là : trong lúc đi thi gặp câu khó mà mình quên cách biển đổi .
Ex: Although he behaved impolitely,.....
=> Despite / in spite of the fact that he behaved impolitely,.....
Công thức này cũng áp dụng cho biến đổi từ BECAUSE -> BECAUSE OF
PRACTICE EXERCISES
I. PRONUNCIATION: Choose the word whose underlined part has a different pronunciation from the others in each group:
1/ A. chat	B. drama	C. fact	D. back
2/ A. media	B. get	C. bed	D. desk
3/ A. deadly	B. healthy	C. dreamy	D. wealthy
4/ A. hour	B. height	C. hell	D. head
5/ A. meet	B. deed	C. geese	D. reelect