Lý thuyết và bài tập về cách đọc đuôi "s", "es" và "ed" môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 9

12. THE PRONUNCIATION Of THE ENDINGS: -S/ES and -ED
A. Cách phát âm đuôi S/ES của động từ ngôi thứ ba số ít, danh từ số nhiều
² Đọc là /S/ nếu sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm như /k/, /p/, /f// (-gh, -ph),/θ(-th),/t/.
Plural nouns
3rd – singular verbs
 /p/
 /t/
 /f/
 /k/
 /θ/
maps /mổps/
cats / kổts /
laughs / lɑ:fs /
books / buks /
lengths / leηθs /
stops / stops/
calculates /'kổlkjuleits/
laughs / la:fs /
attacks / ə'tổks /
² Đọc là /IZ/ sau các từ tận cùng bằng âm /ks/ (-x), /∫/ (sh), /t∫/ (-ch), /s/ (-ss), /dʒ/ (-ge), /ʒ/ (ze), /z/ (-se, -z)).
Plural nouns
3rd – singular verbs
/s/
/ks/
/ ∫ /
/t∫/ 
/ʒ/
/dʒ/
/z/
glasses
boxes
wishes
churches
garages
pages
bruises
misses
mixes
washes
matches
massages
stages
rises
² Đọc là /Z/ sau các từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm còn lại, và tất cả các nguyên âm.
Plural nouns
3rd – singular verbs
 /b/
 /v/
 /d/
 /g/
 /l/
 /m/
 /n/
 /η/
 /ou/
 /ei/
 /e /
cubs
caves
beds
eggs
hills
rooms
pens
rings
potatoes
days
hairs
robs
lives
reads
digs
fills
comes
learns
brings
goes
plays
wears
*Notes:
I. Choose the word that show the –s ending is pronounced. 
/s/
/z/
/iz/
/s/
/z/
/iz/
1.
potatoes
8,
reads
2.
cooks
9.
massages
3.
rubs
10.
laughs
4. 
rises
11.
caves
5.
length
12.
plays
6.
calculates
13.
maps
7.
rose’s
14.
daniel’s
Exercise 1: Circle the word which has the underlined part pronounced as:
0./s/ chores	brothers	shifts
1./z/	halves	dates	kits
2./s/	speaks	bags	days
3./s/	activities	parents	feelings
4./z/	hours	projects	takes
5./z/	pets	loves	laughs
6./s/	photographs	stays	questions
7./z/	weekends	basts	months
8./iz/	problems	shares	washes
9./iz/	physics	watches	nights	
10./iz/	jobs	joins	misses
Exercise 2: Choose the underlined words has pronouced differntly from the others.
A. neighbors 	B. friends 	 C. relatives 	D. photographs
A. snacks 	B. follows 	C. titles 	D. writers
A. streets 	B. phones 	C. books 	D. makes
A. cities 	B. satellites 	C. series 	D. workers
A. develops 	B. takes 	C. laughs 	D. volumes
A. explains 	B. wakes 	C. phones 	D. names
A. phones 	B. streets 	C. books 	D. makes
A. proofs 	B. regions 	C. lifts 	D. rocks
A. involves 	B. believes 	C. suggests 	D. steals
A. serves 	B. blocks 	C. banks 	D. tourists
A. remembers 	B. cooks	C. walls 	D. pyramids
A. miles 	B. words 	C. accidents 	D. names
A. sports 	B. plays 	C. households 	D. minds
A. makes 	B. views 	C. reads 	D. decides 
A. albums 	B. tanks 	C. shops 	D. plants
A. gets 	B. loves	 C. sings 	D. buys
A. collects 	B.cooks	C. swims 	D. claps
A. stamps 	B. friends 	C. relatives 	D. guitars
A. envelops 	B. tunes 	C. books 	D. guitarists
A. athletics 	B. participants C. efforts 	D. skills
A. things 	B. engineers 	C. scientists 	D. individuals
A. parks 	B. animals 	C. planets 	D. environments
A. helps 	B. provides 	C. documents 	D. texts
B. Cách phát âm đuôi ED của động từ có quy tắc.
² Đọc là /id/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /d/ hoặc /t/.
 	need – needed decide – decided	want – wanted 	start – started
² Đọc là /t/ sau từ tận cùng bằng âm /k/, /p/, /f/ (-gh,-ph), /s/, /∫/ (-sh), /t∫/ (-ch), /θ/ (-th), /ks/ (-x)
 wash – washed book – booked stop – stopped	watch – watched fax – faxed....
² Đọc là /d/ sau từ tận cùng bằng các âm còn lại.
 play – played plan – planned offer – offered	bathe – bathed call – called borrow – borrowed
*Notes:
* Các tính từ tận cùng bằng ED thì đuôi ED cũng được phát âm như cách phát âm của động từ có quy tắc. Tuy nhiên, một số tính từ cổ tận cùng bằng -ed, hoặc một số trạng từ tận cùng bằng -edly, thì -ed được phát âm là /id/.
Adjectives:
/id/ 	naked : khỏa thân	crooked : cong, oằn	ragged : nhàu, cũ	wretched : khốn khổ
rugged : gồ ghề	learned : uyên bác
Adverbs:
/id/ deservedly : xứng đáng	 supposedly: cho là	markedly : một cách rõ ràng, đáng chú ý	 allegedly : cho rằng
Exercise1: Check the correct column according to how the ed- is pronounced:
	Talked, missed, naked, called, occurred, wretched, invited, polluted, studied, closed, laughed, markedly, collected, rugged, watched, rented, robbed, devervedly, looked, ended, demanded, washed, started, needed, boiled, enjoyed, plugged, named, singed, faxed, followed, filled, robbed, passed, finished, printed, explained, waited, wailed, exceeded, played, stayed, showed, worked, touched.
/ d /
/ t /
/ id /
Exercise 2: Choose the underlined words has pronouced differntly from the others.
A. invited 	B. attended 	C. celebrated	D. displayed
A. removed 	B. washed 	C. hoped 	D. missed
A. knocked	B. naked 	C. stopped 	D. called
A. looked 	B. laughed 	C. moved 	D. stepped
A. wanted 	B. parked 	C. stopped 	D. watched
A. laughed	B. passed 	C. suggested 	D. placed
A. believed 	B. prepared 	C. involved 	D. liked
A. lifted	B. lasted 	C. happened 	D. decided
A. practiced 	B. ranged 	C. washed 	D. touched
A. collected 	B. changed 	C. formed 	D. viewed
A. walked 	B. entertained 	C. reached 	D. looked
A. watched 	B. stopped 	C. pushed 	D. improved
A. approached 	B. stocked 	C. developed 	D. painted
A. admired	B. looked 	C. missed 	D. hoped
A. played 	B. admired 	C. liked 	D. called
A. collected 	B. discarded 	C. watched 	D. wanted
A. placed 	B. practiced 	C. stopped 	D. named
A. hoped 	B. attracted 	C. added 	D. participated
A. equipped	B. delivered 	C. transferred 	 D. received
A. worked 	B. pumped 	C. watched 	D. contented
A. sponsored	B. answered 	C. enjoyed 	D. locked
A. played 	B. traveled 	C. stayed 	D. looked
A. dived 	B. stopped 	C. cooked 	D. replaced
A. protected 	B. destroyed 	C. included 	D. needed
A. stationed 	B. belonged 	C. established 	D. studied
A. parked 	B. watched 	C. endangered 	D. stopped
A. studied	B. raised 	C. played 	D. worked