Đề thi THPT Quốc gia năm 2018 môn Tiếng Anh - Mã đề 421

BỘ GIÁO DỤC VÀ ĐÀO TẠO
KỲ THI TRUNG HỌC PHỔ THÔNG QUỐC GIA NĂM 2018
Bài thi: NGOẠI NGỮ; Môn thi: TIẾNG ANH
ĐỀ THI CHÍNH THỨC
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề
(Đề thi có 05 trang)
Họ, tên thí sinh: .....................................................................
Mã đề thi 421
Số báo danh: ..........................................................................
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 1:	A. disaster
Question 2:	A. enter

B. charity
B. relax

C. origin
C. allow

D. agency
D. behave
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 3:
A. attacks
B. concerns
C. medals
D. fingers
Question 4:
A. treat
B. mean
C. wear
D. dream
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 5: Many parents tend to make their children study hard in the belief that good education will
enable them to ______ in the future.
A. turn up	B. turn away	C. get on	D. get out
Question 6: Susan has achieved great ______ in her career thanks to her hard work.
A. succeed	B. successful	C. success	D. successfully
Question 7: The operation of the newly constructed plants is likely to lead to ______ environmental consequences.
A. far-flung	B. far-off	C. far-gone	D. far-reaching
Question 8: He promised ______ his daughter a new bicycle as a birthday present.
A. to buy	B. buy	C. buying	D. to buying
Question 9: The ______ prices of property in big cities may deter people on low incomes from owning a house there.
A. prohibitive	B. competitive	C. forbidding	D. inflatable
Question 10: I've been waiting for hours. You ______ to tell me you would come late.
A. must have phoned	B. should have phoned
C. needn't have phoned	D. oughtn't to have phoned
Question 11: If you didn't have to leave today, I ______ you around the city.
A. showed	B. will show	C. would show	D. have shown
Question 12: You must not ______ any step in the process; otherwise, you would not be able to cook
the dish properly.
A. skip	B. leave	C. quit	D. hide
Question 13: Drastic measures should be taken to tackle the problems ______ child abuse.
A. involving	B. to involve	C. are involving	D. involved
Question 14: After a momentary ______ of concentration, Simon managed to regain his focus and
completed the test.
A. lapse	B. error	C. fault	D. failure
Question 15: Michael rarely returns to his hometown, ______?
A. has he	B. doesn't he	C. does he	D. hasn't he
Question 16: Only after he ______ the job as a computer programmer did he realise how much he loved it.
A. had left	B. has left	C. would leave	D. was leaving
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best completes each of the following exchanges.
Question 17: Jane is talking to Mike, who has just helped her with her luggage.
Jane: "______"
Mike: "It's my pleasure."
A. It's too heavy.	B. Thanks a lot, indeed. C. It's not my duty. D. Welcome back. Trang 1/5 - Mã đề thi 421
Question 18: Two students are talking about the school curriculum.
Ted: "Swimming should be made part of the school curriculum."
Kate: "______. It is an essential life skill."
A. You can make it
C. I can't agree with you more

B. Oh, that's a problem
D. Not at all
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 19: Judy has just won a full scholarship to one of the most prestigious universities in the country; she must be on cloud nine now.
A. extremely panicked B. desperately sad C. obviously delighted D. incredibly optimistic Question 20: People nationwide have acted without hesitation to provide aids for the victims in the disaster-stricken areas.
A. awareness	B. uncertainty	C. willingness	D. reluctance
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 21: The football final has been postponed until next Sunday due to the heavy snowstorm.
A. cancelled	B. continued	C. changed	D. delayed
Question 22: The chairman's thought-provoking question ignited a lively debate among the
participants in the workshop.
A. triggered	B. defined	C. arose	D. hosted
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 23 to 27.
When hosting an Olympic Games, a country has to take account of several considerations, among which the financial one is by far the most important. The costs of hosting the Olympics can (23)______
tens of billions of dollars, and it is commonplace for budgets to double or even triple. In addition to the direct costs of hosting the Games (the opening and closing ceremonies, athletes' village, security, etc.), cities often must build expensive new venues (24)______ lesser-known sports. Once constructed, sports venues often incur additional maintenance costs long after the Games have ended.
While costs are the (25)______ concern for a host city, there are other factors to consider. For one, an Olympic host city may receive substantial revenue from ticket sales, tourist spending, corporate sponsorship, and television rights. Cities such as Los Angeles (1984) and Seoul (1988) actually made a large profit from the Games they hosted. (26)______, hosting the Olympic Games confers prestige on a host city and country, which can lead to increased trade and tourism. The Olympics are also an opportunity to invest in projects (27)______ improve the city's quality of life, such as new transportation systems.
(Adapted from "Skillful Reading & Writing 4" by Mike Boyle and Lindsay Warwick)
Question 23: A. surmount
B. outnumber
C. overcharge
D. exceed
Question 24: A. on
B. at
C. in
D. for
Question 25: A. supplementary
B. instrumental
C. primary
D. influential
Question 26: A. For example
B. However
C. Otherwise
D. In addition
Question 27: A. who
B. which
C. whom
D. what
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 28 to 34.
Body language is a vital form of communication. In fact, it is believed that the various forms of body language contribute about 70 percent to our comprehension. It is important to note, however, that body language varies in different cultures. Take for example, eye movement. In the USA a child is expected to look directly at a parent or teacher who is scolding him/her. In other cultures the opposite is true. Looking directly at a teacher or parent in such a situation is considered a sign of disrespect.
Another form of body language that is used differently, depending on the culture, is distance. In North America people don't generally stand as close to each other as in South America. Two North Americans who don't know each other well will keep a distance of four feet between them, whereas South Americans in the same situation will stand two to three feet apart. North Americans will stand closer than two feet apart only if they are having a confidential conversation or if there is intimacy between them.
Trang 2/5 - Mã đề thi 421
Gestures are often used to communicate. We point a finger, raise an eyebrow, wave an arm – or move any other part of the body – to show what we want to say. However, this does not mean that people all over the world use the same gestures to express the same meanings. Very often we find that the same gestures can communicate different meanings, depending on the country. An example of a gesture that could be misinterpreted is sticking out the tongue. In many cultures it is a sign of making a mistake, but in some places it communicates ridicule.
The dangers of misunderstanding one another are great. Obviously, it is not enough to learn the language of another culture. You must also learn its non-verbal signals if you want to communicate successfully.
(Adapted from "Reading Academic English" by Judy Rapoport, Ronit Broder and Sarah Feingold)
Question 28: What is the passage mainly about?
A. Misunderstandings in communication
B. Interpretations of gestures in different cultures
C. The significance of non-verbal signals in America D. Non-verbal communication across cultures
Question 29: According to paragraph 1, when scolded by his/her parent or teacher, an American child is expected to ______.
A. raise his/her eyebrows
B. look directly at the person
C. point a finger at the person
D. stand close to the person
Question 30: The word "intimacy" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. strength
B. agreement
C. enjoyment
D. closeness
Question 31: The word "misinterpreted" in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to ______.
A. misspelled
B. misunderstood
C. mispronounced
D. misbehaved
Question 32: The word "it" in paragraph 3 refers to ______.
A. the country
B. an example
C. sticking out the tongue
D. making a mistake
Question 33: As stated in the passage, in order to communicate successfully with people from another culture, it is advisable for a person ______.
A. to travel to as many countries as possible
B. to use the body language of the people from that culture C. to learn only non-verbal signals of that culture
D. to learn both the language and non-verbal signals of that culture
Question 34: Which form of body language is NOT mentioned in the passage? A. eye movement B. gesture C. distance

D. posture
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 35 to 42.
The green building movement, started in the 1970s as a way to reduce environmental destruction, is changing the way buildings are constructed. In the early years, green builders were a small minority, and their goals of reducing the environmental impact of buildings were considered unrealistic. Now, however, the movement is growing, as builders have been able to take advantage of new technology.
Green builders try to make use of recycled materials, which means less waste in dumps. Also, they reduce environmental impact by reducing the energy requirements of a building. One way is to provide an alternative, non-polluting source of energy. First, with solar panels, it is possible to produce electricity from the rays of the sun. Once installed, they provide energy at no cost and with no pollution.
Another solution is to reduce the amount of energy required in a building. It is possible to cut electricity use noticeably by improving natural lighting and installing low-energy light bulbs. To reduce the amount of fuel needed for heating or cooling, builders also add insulation to the walls so that the building stays warmer in winter and cooler in summer.
One example of this advanced design is the Genzyme Center of Cambridge, the most environmentally responsible office building in America. Every aspect of the design and building had to consider two things: the need for a safe and pleasant workplace for employees and the need to lessen the negative environmental impact. 75 percent of the building materials were recycled materials, and the energy use has been reduced by 43 percent and water use by 32 percent, compared with other buildings of the same size.
Trang 3/5 - Mã đề thi 421
In other parts of the world, several large-scale projects have recently been developed according to green building principles. One of these is in Vauban, Germany, in an area that was once the site of army housing. The site has been completely rebuilt with houses requiring 30 percent less energy than conventional ones. These houses, heated by special non-polluting systems, are also equipped with solar panels.
A larger project is under way in China. The first phase of this project will include houses for 400 families built with solar power, non-polluting bricks, and recycled wall insulation. In a second phase, entire neighborhoods in six cities will be built. If all goes well, the Chinese government plans to copy these ideas in new neighborhoods across China.
Green building ideas, on a small or large scale, are spreading. Individuals, companies, and governments are beginning to see their benefits. Not only are they environmentally friendly, green buildings improve living and working conditions and also save money in the long run.
(Adapted from "Advanced Reading Power" by Beatrice S. Mikulecky and Linda Jeffries)
Question 35: Which of the following does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Successful green building projects all over the world
B. New technologies applied to constructing office buildings
C. An environmentally friendly approach to constructing buildings D. Economic benefits of environmentally responsible buildings
Question 36: According to paragraph 1, the environmental goals set by green builders were initially considered unrealistic presumably because ______.
A. there was an abundance of natural materials for the construction of conventional buildings
B. there was a lack of green builders at the beginning of the 20th century
C. the problems of environment destruction were not prevalent at the time
D. the potential applications of technology to constructing green buildings were not recognised then
Question 37: The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to ______.
A. green builders
B. recycled materials
C. solar panels
D. rays of the sun
Question 38: The word "insulation" in paragraph 3 mostly means ______.
A. devices that monitor changes in temperature
B. materials that prevent heat loss and absorption
C. systems that protect buildings from the sun's rays
D. panels that convert solar energy into electricity
Question 39: What is one common characteristic shared by the Genzyme Center of Cambridge and the project in Vauban, Germany?
A. Both were built out of entirely recycled materials instead of conventional ones.
B. Both were built based on green building principles, which reduces energy use considerably.
C. Both took advantage of new insulation technology, which cuts down on construction costs.
D. Both are housing complexes with special, non-polluting heating systems.
Question 40: The phrase "under way" in paragraph 6 mostly means ______.
A. being inspected	B. being certified	C. being notified	D. being launched
Question 41: Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 7 as a merit of green buildings?
A. Proving more economical eventually B. Increasing work productivity C. Being friendly to the environment D. Improving living conditions
Question 42: According to the passage, which of the following statements about green buildings is TRUE? A. They are more economical and produce no pollution.
B. They are gaining in popularity in different parts of the world.
C. They have only been built in technologically developed countries.
D. They are environmentally responsible constructions with gardens.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 43: Joe has finished his first-aid course. He proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker.
A. Although Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker, he hasn't finished his first-aid course.
B. Without finishing his first-aid course, Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker.
C. However helpful Joe proves as a rescue worker, he hasn't finished his first-aid course.
D. Having finished his first-aid course, Joe proves extremely helpful as a rescue worker.
Trang 4/5 - Mã đề thi 421
Question 44: His friends supported and encouraged him. He did really well in the competition.
A. Such were his friends' support and encouragement that he couldn't do really well in the competition.
B. Had it not been for his friends' support and encouragement, he couldn't have done so well in the competition.
C. If his friends had given him support and encouragement, he could have done really well in the competition.
D. No matter how much his friends supported and encouraged him, he couldn't do well in the competition.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 45: They expect that recent changes will bring about an overall improvement in the quality of the country's education.
A. It is expected that recent changes are caused by an overall improvement in the quality of the country's education.
B. Recent changes are expected to lead to an overall improvement in the quality of the country's education.
C. It was expected that recent changes would result in an overall improvement in the quality of the country's education.
D. The quality of the country's education is expected to be the consequence of recent changes.
Question 46: She wasn't early enough to catch the bus.
A. She didn't arrive late for the bus.	B. She arrived too early for the bus.
C. She wasn't late for the bus.	D. She was too late to catch the bus.
Question 47: "Don't forget to submit your assignments by Thursday," said the teacher to the students.
A. The teacher ordered the students to submit their assignments by Thursday.
B. The teacher reminded the students to submit their assignments by Thursday.
C. The teacher allowed the students to submit their assignments by Thursday.
D. The teacher encouraged the students to submit their assignments by Thursday.
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 48: Most workers seems to be happy with their new working conditions.
A	B	C	D
Question 49: It is the night of 5th November that people in Britain light bonfires and have
A	B
fireworks as a national tradition.
D
Question 50: They have carried out exhausting research into the effects of smartphones on
A	B
schoolchildren's behaviour and their academic performance.
C	D
------------------------ HẾT ------------------------
Trang 5/5 - Mã đề thi 421