Đề ôn thi môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 (Có đáp án)

FAMILY LIFE IN THE UNITED STATES
Family life in the United States is changing. Fifty or sixty years ago, the wife was called a “housewife”. She cleaned, cooked, and cared for the children. The husband earned the money for the family. He was usually out working all day. He came home tired in the evening, so he did not do much housework. And he did not see the children very much, except on weekends. 
These days, however, more and more women work outside the home. They cannot stay with the children all day. They, too, come home tired in the evening. They do not want to spend the evening cooking dinner and cleaning up. They do not have time to clean the house and do the laundry. So who is going to do the housework now? Who is going to take care of the children?
Many families solve the problem of housework by sharing it. In these families, the husband and wife agree to do different jobs around the house, or they take turns doing each job. For example, the husband always cooks dinner and the wife always does the laundry. Or the wife cooks dinner on some nights and the husband cooks dinner on other nights.
Then there is the question of the children. In the past, many families got help with child care from grandparents. Now families usually do not live near their relatives. The grandparents are often too far away to help in a regular way. More often, parents have to pay for child care help. The help may be a babysitter or a day-care center. The problem with this kind of help is the high cost. It is possible only for couples with jobs that pay well.
Parents may get another kind of help form the companies they work for. Many companies now let people with children work part-time. That way, parents can spend more time with their children. Some husbands may even stop working for a while to stay with the children. For these men there is a new word: they are called “househusbands”. In the USA more and more men are becoming househusbands every year.
These changes in the home mean changes in the family. Fathers can learn to understand their children better, and the children can get to know their fathers better. Husbands and wives may also find changes in their marriage. They, too, may have a better understanding of each other.
Question 36: Sixty years ago, most women__________.
A. were housewives	B. went out to work
C. did not do much housework	D. had no children
Question 37: Nowadays, there are__________.
A. more work outside the home than before
B. more and more women staying with the children all day
C. more housewives than before
D. more women going out to work than before
Question 38: The word “laundry” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to__________.
A. cooking and washing up	B. tidying up	C. washing and ironing	D. shopping
Question 39: It can be inferred from paragraph 4 that__________.
A. all couples with jobs can pay for help from a babysitter or a day-care center
B. couples with low-paid jobs can’t afford the cost of a babysitter or a day-care center
C. in the past, grandparents did not help the couples with child care
D. grandparents can help care the children in a regular way
Question 40: The word “they” in paragraph 5 refers to__________.
A. children who spend more time with fathers than mothers
B. parents who work part-time
C. husbands who stop working to stay with the children
D. fathers who spend more time with their children
Question 41: The changes in the American home mentioned in this passage may__________.
A. help families	B. not change the children at all
C. not happen	D. cause problems for a marriage
Question 42: This article is about__________.
A. American men as househusbands	B. housewives in America
C. how more American women are working	D. how family life in America is changing
Today, in many parts of the world, it is customary for people to shake hands upon meeting as gesture of good will. Originally, however, the practice of shaking hands had more practical purpose. 
 	Shaking hands originated in medieval times. In those days, when a man came on a stranger, he would often automatically reach for his sword with his right hand, in case he had to use the weapon to defend himself. Sometimes, both parties found themselves circling around each other, weapons in hand, until it was mutually agreed that the weapons could be laid aside. Then, the two parties extended their right hands to show that they had no weapons, and clasped them. This was the beginning of the handshake.
 	The custom of shaking hands is not a universal one. In the Orient, people have, for centuries, clasped their own hands in front of them upon meeting to show that they held no weapons. In France, a custom developed in which people who met would kiss each other on both cheeks. The natives of some South Seas islands greet by rubbing noses.
Question 12. To show that one has no intention to fight________.
A. shaking hands has been practiced all over the world
B. people laid aside their weapons
C. there have been various ways depending on different cultures 
D. the Oriental people kiss each other’s hand
Question 13. The practice of shaking hands________.
A. is being replaced by other customs	B. is very popular in the world
C. is considered not to be very polite	D. used to be popular, but now it is out of date
Question 14. The purpose of shaking hands was________.
A. to show that the two parties had no weapons	
B. a gesture of good will 
C. to show that both parties were ready for a fight 
D. just a ceremony showing friendship
Question 15. The word “came on” in paragraph 2 can best be replaced by________.
A. waited for	B. attacked	C. happened to meet	D. visited
Question 16. The word “universal” in paragraph 3 can best be replaced by________.
A. of the universe	B. mainly expected	C. briefly agreed	D. largely accepted
These days, most people in Britain and the US do not wear very formal clothes. But sometimes it is important to wear the right thing. 
Many British people don't think about clothes very much. They just like to be comfortable. When they go out to enjoy themselves, they can wear almost anything. At theatres, cinemas and concerts you can put on what you like from elegant suits and dresses to jeans and sweaters. Anything goes, as long as you look clean and tidy. 
But in Britain, as well as in the US, men in offices usually wear suits and ties, and women wear dresses or skirts (not trousers). Doctors, lawyers and business people wear quite formal clothes. And in some hotels and restaurants men have to wear ties and women wear smart dresses. 
In many years, Americans are more relaxed than British people, but they are more careful with their clothes. At home, or on holiday, most Americans wear informal or sporty clothes. But when they go out in the evening, they like to look elegant. In good hotels and restaurants, men have to wear jackets and ties, and women wear pretty clothes and smart hairstyles. 
It is difficult to say exactly what people wear informal or formal in Britain and the US, because everyone is different. If you are not sure what to wear, watch what other people do and then do the same. You'll feel more relaxed if you don't look too different from everyone else. 
Question 32. Many British people wear freely when they__________. 
A. attend lectures 	B. attend meetings 	C. spend their spare time 	D. work in offices 
Question 33. Who doesn’t usually wear suits and ties? 
A. lawyers 	B. doctors 	C. drivers 	D. businessmen 
Question 34. If you visit an American friend at home in the evening, you may find that your friend wears________. 
A. pretty clothes 	B. formal clothes 	C. dirty clothes 	D. informal clothes 
Question 35. If you are in a foreign country, the best way the writer suggests to you is to wear. 
A. strange clothes 	B. as the people there do C. your native clothes D. comfortable clothes 
Question 36. The word “they” in paragraph 4 refers to________. 
A. American people 	B. British people 	C. men 	D. women 
Question 37. The word “elegant” is closest in meaning to________. 
A. Decent 	B. confident 	C. comfortable 	D. neat 
Question 38. What do you think the passage is mainly about? 
A. Recent dressing habits in Great Britain and the United States. 
B. The reason why informal clothing is popular in the UK and USA. 
C. When we should wear in a formal way. 
D. Where we should wear in a formal way. 
When you first arrive in a foreign culture, often your first reaction is completely positive. Everything seems exciting, different and fascinating. It’s an (31)_______. If you are just on a short holiday, you will probably never leave this phase.
(32)_______, if you stay longer, your attitude can start to change. As you start to realize (33)_______ little you really understand the new culture, life can get frustrating. People misunderstand what you are trying to say, or they may laugh at you when you say something incorrectly. Even simple things, like posting a letter, can seem very difficult to you. Thus, you are likely to get angry or upset when things go wrong.
With time, though, you start to (34)_______ to become more comfortable with the differences and better able to handle frustrating situations. Your (35)_______ of humor reappears. Finally, you may feel enthusiastic about the culture once again, enjoy living in it, and even prefer certain aspects of the culture to your own.
 (Adapted from Navigate – Coursebook, OUP 2015)
Question 31. A. adventure	B. adventurous	C. adventurer	D. adventurously
Question 32. A. Therefore	B. Or	C. However	D. Nor
Question 33. A. whether	B. how	C. if	D. what
Question 34. A. replace	B. maintain	C. adjust	D. keep
Question 35. A. taste 	B. sense	C. touch	D. sound
Marriage nowadays is a choice people make on their own, but this has not always been the case in society. Thousands of years ago, the average lifespan was shorter than it is today. A man usually lived until he was about 40 years old, while women died even sooner because of childbirth. There were many wars and illnesses, and people had to protect themselves by having more children while they were still young. The parents lived through their children.
Marriage was not so much a romantic love story but a business transaction, or deal. Most marriages were arranged between parents while their children were still very young. It was the custom that the fathers made the decision on whom their children were going to marry. The mothers had little say in it since they rarely made any decisions outside the household. The fathers would meet to arrange the wedding date and the money given for the bride on her wedding date. The more money and land a girl had, the more chances she had to marry well. Therefore, it was important that her father choose the bridegroom very well. Usually, it was someone who came from a good family or who was rich too. It was very unlikely that people married outside their social class. A few well-off and rich merchants got to marry poorer noblewomen and became King’s business advisors. In a way, poor peasants had an easier choice as it was less important whom they married.
The practice of arranged marriage is still common in some countries in the Middle East, such as India or Pakistan. Here, social classes are still strongly divided and very well-kept. Often, however, arranged marriages are a sign that people do not want to let go of the past, which gives them comfort and security in an ever-changing world.
(Adapted from Longman Essence Reading, Vol. 2)
Question 36. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. Marriage as a business transaction today. B. Mothers' roles in their children's marriage.
C. Marriage practices in modern society. D. The practice of arranged marriage.
Question 37. The word "it" in paragraph 1 refers to_______.
A. marriage	B. a choice	C. society	D. the average lifespan
Question 38. According to paragraph 1, women died even sooner than men because of_______.
A. wars	B. illnesses	C. childbirth	D. marriage
Question 39. According to paragraph 2, richer girls were more likely to_______.
A. become noblewomen	B. marry well
C. succeed in business	D. marry peasants
Question 40. The author mentions all of the following in the passage EXCEPT_______.
A. People tended to marry outside their social class
B. Men made almost all decisions inside the family
C. Marriage used to be a deal between two families
D. The wedding date was decided by the fathers
Question 41. The word "bridegroom" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to_______.
A. bridesmaid	B. bride	C. daughter-in-law	D. son-in-law
Question 42. The phrase "let go of" in paragraph 3 mostly means_______.
A. give up	B. turn off	C. save up	D. give in
A recent study shows that an unequal share of household chores is still the norm in many households, despite the fact that many more women now have jobs. In a survey of 1,256 people ages between 18 and 65, men said they contributed an average of 37% of the total housework, while the women estimated their share to be nearly double that, at 70%. This ratio was not affected by whether the woman was working or not.
 When they were asked what they thought was a fair division of labour, women with jobs felt that housework should be shared equally between male and female partners. Women who did not work outside the home were satisfied to perform 80% - the majority of the household work - if their husbands did remainder. Research has shown that, if levels increase beyond these percentages, women become unhappy and anxious, and feel they are unimportant.
 After marriage, a woman is reported to increase her household workload by 14 hours per week, but for men the amount is just 90 minutes. So the division of labour becomes unbalanced, as a man's share increases much less than the woman's. It is the inequality and loss of respect, not the actual number of hours, which leads to anxiety and depression. The research describes housework as thankless and unfulfilling. Activities included in the study were cooking, cleaning, shopping, doing laundry, washing up and childcare. Women who have jobs report that they feel overworked by these chores in addition to their professional duties. In contrast, full-time homemakers frequently anticipate going back to work when the children grow up. Distress for this group is caused by losing the teamwork in the marriage.
Question 17: Women who do not have a job become depressed when________.
A. their husbands do more than 20 per cent of the chores
B. they have no self-respect
C. their husbands help them less than 20 per cent of the chores
D. their husbands do more than half of the housework
Question 18: According to the passage, a fair division of labour is that________.
A. women do 14 hours of housework B. women do more than 80 percent of the housework
C. women and men share the housework equally	D. men do more housework than women
Question 19: All activities mentioned in the passage are household chores EXCEPT________.
A. shopping	B. washing-up C. taking care of old-aged parents	D. childcaring
Question 20: The word "remainder" in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to________.
A. what is left	B. what is done	C. what is fulfilled	D. what is share
Question 21: The word "norm" in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to________.
A. unequal thing 	B. changing thing	C. usual thing	D. strange thing
Question 22: Although women think men should share the housework, those who don't have paid job agree to share________of the chores.
A. 14 per cent	B. 70 per cent 	C. 37 per cent	D. 80 per cent
Question 23: It can be inferred from the passage that after getting married, ________.
A. women do twice as much housework as men	
B. men do more housework than women
C. women do less and less housework	
D. men spend much less time doing housework than women.
Question 24: The word "they" in paragraph 2 refers to________.
A. men	B. women	C. jobs	D. labour