Đề ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 8 - Unit 7: pollution

UNIT 7: POLLUTION
I)-Match each type of pollution with its definition, writing the answer in each blank.
Types of pollution
Definitions
1. Air pollution
A. the increase of temperature caused by human activity
2. Land pollution
B . the contamination of any body of water, such as lakes,
groundwater, oceans, etc.
3. Light pollution
C. the contamination of air by smoke and harmful gases
4. Noise pollution
D. the release of unwanted radioactive material into the environment
5. Thermal pollution
E. the brightening of the night sky preventing us from
seeing stars by improper lighting of communities.
6. Visual pollution
F. the destruction of the earth’s surface caused by the misuse of resources and improper dumping of waste
7. Water pollution
G. anything unattractive or visually damaging to the nearby landscape
8. Radioactive pollution
H. any loud sounds that are either harmful or annoying to humans and animals
II)-Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.
1. The soil becomes___________because of the use of so many pesticides and fertilizers. (contaminate)
2. _________________________waste spills can contaminate groundwater. (industry)
3. In many developing countries, water pollution is usually a leading cause of_________. (die)
4. __________elements have been found in both ground and underground water sources. (pollute)
5. Fish and many other animals are killed by___________in their habitat. (pollute)
6. Astronomers are concerned about light pollution because they have_________in viewing activities in the sky and outer space. (difficult)
III)-Rewrite the sentences, using the words in brackets. You can make some changes.
1. There are asthma, allergies and other respiratory illnesses when air pollution happens. (leads to)
2. Aquatic life suffers or dies because there is thermal pollution. (because of)
3. Water in the Cau River becomes brown and has terrible smell because the waste water is released from the paper mill in Thai Nguyen City. (so)
4. People use too much herbicide to treat weeds, so water in rivers, canals, lakes are extremely polluted and has bad effects on people’s health. (because)
5. Many fish in the river die due to the increased temperature of water. (because)
6. Because plastic bags take so long to decompose, nearly all of them still exist in the environment today. (so)
IV)-People are worried about the greenhouse effect. Makes sentences in Conditional sentences type 1 with “If,  will”, using the cues given
1. the earth gets warmer	
2. the sea gets warmer	
3. the ice at the North and South Poles melts	
4. the sea level rises	
5. there are floods in many parts of the world	
6. many people lose their homes	
7. If the earth gets warmer, the sea will get warmer.	
8. If the sea gets warmer,	
V)-Combine each pair of sentences, using conditional sentences type 1.
1. A person looks at thesky at night. He is not able to see the Milky Way by naked eye.
2. Noise pollution happens regularly. It causes stress or nuisance.
3. Water pollution gets more serious in the future. It affects the development of economy and society.
4. Australia has invested in water in Viet Nam with good results. Half of the population in the rural areas has access to fresh water.
5. You use compact light bulbs. You save a lot of energy.
6. We have more space. We plant more trees.
VI)-Answer the questions, using conditional sentences type 2.
1. What would you do if you had a garden of your own?
2. If you had one wish, what would it be?
3. What would you do if you won €1 million?
4. What would you do to make our school ground greener if you were the principal?
5. What would you do if you were the Earth Hour Goodwill Ambassador?
READING
I)-Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Light pollution is not (1) ________serious as water or air pollution. (2) __________ , it is the type of pollution that (3) _______ more in cities than in rural areas. In the past, we could sit out at night and (4) ________at glittering stars in the sky and light from objects in the out space. Nowadays, cities are covered with lights from buildings, streets, advertising displays, many of which direct the lights up into the sky and into many unwanted places. The real problem is that it is very (5) _______ to apply light to almost everything at night. Millions of tons of oil and coal (6) ________to produce the power to light the sky. Eye strain, (7) ________of vision and stress are what people may get from light pollution. (8) ______light at night can harm our eyes and also harm the hormones that help us to see things properly.
1.	A. more	B. as	C. much	D. only
2.	A. Moreover	B. However	C. Therefore	D. Nevertheless
3.	A. happen	B. occur	C. occurs	D. is occurred
4.	A. watch	B. see	C. spend	D. gaze
5.	A. waste	B. wastes	C. wasting	D. wasteful
6.	A. used 	B. using	C. is used	D. are used
7.	A. use	B. lost	C. loss	D. losing
8.	A. Very much	B. Too much	C. Too many	D. So many
II)-Read the passage, and do the tasks that follow.
	There are many causes that lead to water pollution. One main cause of this issue is waste water coming from many factories and then being directly pulled out into water bodies, especially into rivers or seas without any treatment because this is the most convenient way of disposing waste water. Industrial waste consists of some kind of chemical substance such as sulphur, which is harmful for marine life. Lead is known as the main reason for cancer disease. Cancer has become a popular disease in several communes which is called “cancer villages. Another cause is the awareness of citizens, people always use water for many purposes and then they dump waste water or garbage directly into rivers, canal, and ponds and so on. In 2004, because of bird fly
outbreak in Vietnam, people threw poultry to water body that made water highly polluted.
Task 1: Match a word in column A with its definition in column B, writing the answer in each blank.
A
B
1.
Convenient (adj)
birds, like hens, ducks, geese that are kept for eggs and meat.
2.
marine (adj)
knowledge
3.
awareness (n)
connected with the sea
4.
outbreak (n)
suitable or practical for a particular purpose
5.
poultry (n)
the sudden beginning of something unpleasant
Task 2: Read the passage again, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).
6. Waste water from many factories which is dumped into water bodies directly causes water pollution.
7. Dumping waste directly into water is the most convenient way of disposing waste water.
8. Sulphur is believed the main reason for cancer.
9. Cancer villages occurred in 2004.
10. Due to lack of awareness, people poisoned water with dead poultry when there was bird flu outbreak in 2004.
Write a paragraph about noise pollution (definition, causes, effects, and solutions).
1. Noise pollution/ any loud sounds/ either harmful or annoying/ humans and animals.
2. Generally/ noise/ produced/ household appliances/ big trucks/ vehicles and motorbikes/ on the road/ 
planes and helicopters flying over cities/ load speakers, etc.
3. Noise pollution/ cause/ stress/ illnesses/ hearing loss/ sleep loss/ lost productivity.
4. Health effects/ noise/ include/ anxiety/ stress/ headaches/ irritability/ nervousness.
5. Noise-producing industries/ airports/ bus terminals/ should/ located/ far/ living places.
6. The officials/ check/ misuse/ loudspeakers/ outdoor parties and discos/ as well as/ public announcement systems.
TEST (UNIT 7)
I)-Choose the word which has a different stress pattern from the others.
1.	A.
terrific
B.
Arabic
C.
statistic
D.
cosmetic
2.	A.
arithmetic
B.
geographic
C.
energetic
D.
economic
3.	A.
linguistic
B.
classical
C.
phonetic
D.
romantic
4.	A.
fantastic
B.
historic
C.
comic
D.
symbolic
A. oceanic	B. specific	C. ceramic	D. aquatic
II)-Complete the sentences, using the correct form of the words in brackets.
 	habitats have been destroyed in recent years. (nature)
A number of cleaning products contain
Water samples collected at these villages were seriously bacteria. (contaminate)
chemicals. (harm)
with
People believe that the 	water has brought cancer to the local
residents.
Light pollution makes us 	to see the stars in the sky. (able)
Noise is considered as 	pollution. (environment)
III)-Fill in each blank with the correct preposition.
Thousands of people were exposed 	radiation when the nuclear plant exploded.
Waste water from many factories which is dumped 	water bodies
directly causes water pollution.
Land pollution is responsible for damage done 	natural habitat of animals.
Americans throw 	twenty-eight and a half million tons of plastic
in landfills every year.
Scientists have come up 	new ways of saving energy.
IV)-People are worried about the effect of water pollution. Makes sentences in Conditional sentences type 1 with “If, will”, using the cues given.
people dump wastes and poisonous chemicals into water
â
tiny animals eat pollutants in polluted water
â
fish and shellfish eating tiny animals contain poison in their bodies
â
people who eat these fish et some diseases
â
If
they have to go to hospital
â
their family members take care of them
18.	 	
19.	 	
20.	 	
21.	 	
V)-Circle the mistake in each sentences, and then correct it.
22.	Long exposure to loud noise results permanent hearing loss.
23.	The misuse of resources and importer dumping of waste make land pollution.
24.	The soil becomes contaminated because the use of so many pesticides and other farming chemicals.
25. Oil slicks from boats or ships pollute the sea, because many fish and sea- birds die.
26.	In many developing countries, water pollution is usually a leading cause of death if people drink from polluted water resources.
27.	We should plant trees in our neighbourhood so trees help cool the planet.
VI)-Combine each pair of sentences, using the words/ phrases in brackets. You can make some changes.
We are unable to see the stars in the sky. Light pollution occurs. (makes)
Glass panels, windows, lawns and roofs make light pollution worse. They reflect both artificial and sun light. (because)
All sounds are not noise. Noise is any sound that is unwanted and goes beyond its certain limit, for example, above 80 decibels. (because)
More and more noise is created by modern civilization. It has now become a major environmental pollutant, especially in urban areas. (so)
Contamination in the air happens. There is acid rain which damages soil, vegetation and aquatic life of the region. (causes)
Noise pollution is one of the major causes of stress and anxiety. People suffer from stress and anxiety. (because of)
VII)-Rearrange the sentences in order to make a meaningful conversation, writing the correct letter (A-H) in each blank. The conversation starts with number 0.
0	Mi:	Nick, last Sunday my mother and I went to the mall in the city center to buy some new clothes for our Tet holiday. The streets were so bright at night.
34. 	
35. 	
Mi:	I see. Do you know any other example of light pollution?
Mi:	Besides the waste, light pollution many affect human health
and our sleep cycles.
36. 	
Mi:	Light pollution? Our teacher has just mentioned it in the
lesson this morning. Why is too much light at night harmful?
37. 	
Mi:	And sometimes we also have extra or unnecessary lights
around the house.
38. 	
Nick:	I enjoy Tet in Vietnam, Mi. But a lot of lights and posters along
the streets may cause light pollution.
39. 	
Nick:	You’re right, Mi. I think it is very wasteful because we use
much more energy to light up the city or our home all day round.
40. 	
planets.
41. 	
Nick:	Because it may prevent us from seeing the stars and other
Nick:	Yes, we can mention street lamps that shine in all directions,
instead with a hood to point light downward the streets, or cities with lights all night long.
VIII)-Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage.
Have a walk (42) 	a beach, listen to the sound of the sea waves, and suddenly you see a lot of rubbish on the beach. Pollution takes away all the (43) 	of our beaches. I feel really very annoyed (44) 	I see plastic bags lying on the sand, cigarette ends buried in the sand, and soda cans floating in the sea.
There are a lot of things that we can do. (45) 	we see rubbish, we should do our part in the protecting the land (46) 	picking it up and throwing it in dust bins. (47) 	, we can form some kind of organization that helps (48) 	the beaches. If everyone does their part, the beaches will be a wonderful and beautiful place. We need to start now (49) 	the beaches are damaged beyond repair.
42.
A.
at
B.
in
C.
on
D.
over
43.
A.
beauty
B.
beautiful
C.
beautifully
D.
being beautiful
44.
A.
before
B.
after
C.
when
D.
while
45.
A.
While
B.
If
C.
Unless
D.
Soon
46.
A.
by
B.
with
C.
of
D.
in
47.
A.
Nevertheless
B.
Therefore
C.
However
D.
Moreover
48.
A.
cleaning up
B.
clean up
C.
cleaning off
D.
clean off
49.
A.
before
B.
after
C.
until
D.
when
IX)-Read the passage, and do the tasks that follow.
Bike Capital of the World
Copenhagen has over 390 kilometers of bike lanes and is widely regarded as the bike capital of the world. The Danes are well-known for their love of cycling, and Copenhagen’s network of bike lanes is studied by other cities.
Cyclists in Copenhagen are saving the city 90,000 tons of CO2 emission annually. Every day, about 789,000 miles are cycled in Copenhagen. Thirty-six percent of the city’s residents bike to school or work. The city is looking to increase that number to 50% by building more bike lanes, widening existing lanes, creating biking –only bridges over the city’s waterways, providing more space for parking bikes, and improving safety along existing bike routes.
The city of Copenhagen clearly understands the value of biking-friendly cities.
They are healthier, more environmentally-friendly, and allow for better quality of life.
Task 1: Match a word in column A with its definition in column B, writing the answer in each blank.
Answer
A
B
 	50.
regarded
A.
once a year
 	51.
well-known
B.
thought of in a particular way
 	52.
annually
C.
how good or bad something is
 	53.
space
D.
known by a lot of people; famous
 	54.
quality
E.
an area that is empty or not used
Task 2: Read the passages again, and answer the questions.
Why is Copenhagen regarded as the bike capital of the world?
What are the Danes well-known for?
How many miles are cycled in Copenhagen every day?
What is the city going to do?
What are the benefits of biking-friendly cities?
X)-Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question.
Saving the Environment: One Home at a Time
Pollution can be seen not only throughout the world, but also in our own homes. It comes from household chemicals, the amount of water people use and the waste people produce and throw away. What can be done to stop this pollution? Surprisingly, a person can help save the environment by doing simple things.
First, we need to recycle, which allows products to be used over and over again. Recycling can also reduce the number of trees cut down to produce paper products. It takes very little effort. It is not hard to place plastic and glass bottles, aluminum cans and paper in a bin. Anyone can do it.
Second, we need to watch the amount of water used in the home. It can be conserved by taking short shower instead of baths, repairing leaky faucets, using the dishwasher or washing machine only when fully loaded, or simply turning the faucet off while brushing your teeth.
Third, we need to reduce waste. We need to recycle whenever possible, but should also try to use this waste effectively. For example, grass clippings and food scraps can be made into compost for plants. The average person produces 4.3 pounds of waste every day, but we can reduce that amount by recycling and reusing.
If we do our part in our own homes, we can help keep the planet from becoming more polluted.
Pollution can be caused from the following sources except 	.
house chemicals	B.	water from household
C.	wastes	D.	water in rivers
Recycling can help us 	.
never cut down trees	B.	use products again and again
C.	place garbage bins easily	D.	produce more paper products
In order to save water, we can do all of the following things except 	.
take short showers instead of baths
repair leaky faucets
fully use the washing machine
turn the faucet off while brushing your teeth
Recycling helps to reduce waste because 	.
plants need to develop
a person can do it in his home
waste can be recycled and reused
an average man produces compost for plants
The word “It” in paragraph 2 refer to 	.
recycling	B. the number	C. cutting down	D. effort
XI)-Fill in each blank with ONE suitable word.
The major cause of water pollution in Vietnam is the weakness in industrial wastewater management. Many factories (65) 	fresh water to carry away waste (66) 	their plants into canals, rivers, and lakes. Most of them do not have (67) 	wastewater treatment system. Industrial waste water is directly discharged into canals, lakes, ponds, and rivers, causing serious (68) 	of surface water. For example, (69) 	2008. Vedan factory, a sodium glutamate plant, released their untreated industrial wastewater into the Thi Vai River and (70) 	tons of fish and ducks in the river to die.
Another cause of water pollution in Vietnam is the lack of awareness among citizens. Every day people generate a lot of (71) 	, and they throw it directly into canals, rivers, and ponds. They (72) 	water from these sources to do their laundry, wash dishes, and bathe, and then they throw the dirty water that contain detergent and shampoo directly into them.
XII)-Based on the context, make conditional sentences type 2 from the clues.
My home hasn’t installed a solar water heater. If/ my home/ install/ a solar water heater/ we/ save a lot of energy.
Not all households in Viet Nam turn off lights during the Earth Hour. If/ all households/ Viet Nam/ turn off lights/ the Earth Hour/ we/ save enough electricity/ develop our rural areas.
Some students in our school still throw litter on the school ground. If/ students/ our school/ not throw litter/ the school ground/ our campus/ look/ greener/ fresher.
People use aluminum cans instead of glass bottles. If/ people/ use/ glass bottles/ they/ use/ again and again.
Our school ground is large but we don’t have a wind turbine. If/ we/ install/ a wind turbine/ our school/ become/ more eco-friendly.
People don’t use organic fertilizers. If/ people/ use/ organic fertilizers/ they/ prevent/ land pollution.
A large number of people ride their motorbikes to work. If/ people/ ride/ bikes/ they/ keep/ air/ less polluted.
That factory doesn’t have a wastewater treatment system. If/ that factory/ have/ wastewater treatment system/ river/ not become/ so polluted.