Đề kiểm tra chất lượng ôn thi THPT Quốc gia môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Năm học 2018-2019 - Đề số 063

 SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC
TRƯỜNG THPT LIỄN SƠN
(Đề thi gồm: 05 trang)
ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2017-2018
Môn: TIẾNG ANH – ĐỀ SỐ 363
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề
Họ và tên thí sinh:. SBD:
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 01: A. chemical	B. approach	C. achieve	D. challenge
Question 02: A. examine	B. determine	C. valentine	D. heroine 
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 03: A. animal	B. pyramid	C. career	D. habitat
Question 04: A. company	B. atmosphere	C. customer	D. employer
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 05: Nick has been working more harder since he was promoted.
A. been working 	B. more harder 	C. was 	D. promoted
Question 06: Williams not only took three showers a day and washed his clothes twice.
A. took 	B. and 	C. washed 	D. twice
Question 07: We should have played much better than we do.
A. should 	B. have played 	C. much better	D. we do
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 08. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.
	A. calls on	B. keeps off	C. takes in	D. goes up
Question 09. ________ at by everyone, he was disappointed.
	A. laughed	B. Laugh	C. Laughing	D. In laugh
Question 10. The brochure says that the hotel has a great________ of the sea.
	A. appearance	B. look	C. sight	D. view
Question 11. He had changed so much since the last time we met that I________ him.
	A. could recognize	B. could hardy recognize
	C. wouldn't have recognized	D. don't recognize
Question 12. He's really shy________ girl.
	A. by	B. at	C. for	D. with
Question 13. The passengers had to wait because the plane________ off one hour late.
	A. took	B. turned	C. cut	D. made
Question 14. Is there________ for everyone?
	A. food and drink enough	B. enough food and drink
	C. enough of food and drink	D. enough food and drink enough
Question 15. Our hotel, ________ is converted 17th century manor house, is very comfortable
	A. which	B. that	C. where	D. when
Question 16. A woman can never have a happy married life without________ her husband.
	A. demanding	B. agreeing	C. trusting	D. determining
Question 17. ________ the storm, the ship couldn't reach its destination on time.
	A. In case of	B. But for	C. Because of	D. In spite of
Question 18. He was the only________ that was offered the job.
	A. apply	B. application	C. applicant	D. applying
Question 19. A keystone species is a species of plants or animals________ absence has a major effect on an ecological system.
	A. its	B. that is	C. whose	D. with its
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20. Mike: "I have a favor to ask you."	Tim: "___________" 
	A. Help yourself	B. Go ahead	C. It's a pleasure	D. Ask, please
Question 21. Dick: "I enjoyed myself so much at your birthday party." Patrice: "___________"
	A. It's a pleasure	B. Oh, that's kind of you
	C. Congratulations	D. Oh, I'm glad to hear that
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22. The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded and homeless.
	A. poor	B. imprisoned	C. suffered	D. injured
Question 23. The Red Cross gives medical aid and other help to victims of major disasters such as floods, earthquakes, epidemics, and famines.
	A. serious droughts	B. poverty	C. shortage of water	D. serious shortage of food
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24. Mr. Smith's new neighbors appear to be very friendly.
	A. amicable	B. inapplicable	C. hostile	D. futile
Question 25. If you are at a loose end this weekend, I will show you round the city.
	A. free	B. confident	C. occupied	D. reluctant
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26. The purpose of any invention is to make our lives better, so good or bad, it depends on the way by which we use these inventions.
	A. Whether an invention is good or bad depends on the way by which we use it because the
 	purpose of any invention is to make our lives better.
	B. We can use either good or bad inventions to make our lives better.
C. The purpose of any invention, whether good or bad, is to make our lives better. This depends on the way by which we use these inventions.
	D. Good or bad as they are, all inventions have the same purpose to make our lives better.
Question 27. California attracted people from many countries when gold was discovered in 1848.
	A. Discovered in 1848, gold was attractive to people in California.
	B. Discovered in California in 1848, gold attracted people from many countries there.
	C. Gold in California was discovered in 1848 after many people came here.
	D. When people are attracted to California, they discovered gold in 1848.
Question 28. The number of people who understand his ideas exceeds his expectations.
	A. Fewer people understand him that he expects.
	B. Not as many people understand him as he expects.
	C. More people understand him than he expects.
	D. He expects that more people understand him.
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29. You'd better take the keys. It's possible I'll come home late.
	A. You'd better take the keys as I possibly come home late.
	B. You'd better take the keys in case I come home late.
	C. I'll probably come home late so that you'd better take the keys.
	D. If I come home late, you'd better take the keys.
Question 30. Travellers are advised to take out insurance. Their luggage may go astray.
	A. Travellers should take out insurance if their luggage goes astray.
	B. Travellers should get insurance, or else their luggage may go astray.
	C. Travellers had better buy insurance as a precaution against their luggage go astray.
	D. Travellers are advised to take out insurance in case their luggage goes astray.
Ø Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Easter is a holiday in late March or early April, the first Sunday after the first full moon after 21 March. Many people (31)________ it with their family or have a short holiday/ vacation. It is also an important Christian festival. Easter Sunday, the day of the Resurrection, is the end of Lent (32)________ the most important date in the Christian year. Many people who do not go to church at other times go on Easter Sunday. It was once (33)________ for people to wear new clothes to church on this day. Women (34)_________ new hats, called Easter bonnets. Today, people sometimes make elaborately decorated Easter bonnets for fun. A few people send Easter cards with religious symbols on them or pictures of small chickens, lambs, rabbits and spring flowers, all traditionally associated (35)_________ Easter.
Question 31. A. take	B. use	C. spend	D. expend
Question 32. A. for	B. as	C. and	D. nor
Question 33. A. familiar	B. ordinary	C. common	D. regular
Question 34. A. put on	B. take on	C. bore	D. wore
Question 35. A. toward	B. with	C. to	D. from
Ø Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
My family consists of four people. There's my father whose name is Jan, my mother whose name is Marie, my brother, Peter and of course, me. I have quite a large extended family as well but, only the four of us live together in our apartment in a block of flats. My father is fifty-two years old. He works as an accountant in an insurance company. He is tall and slim, has got short brown and gray hair and blue eyes. My father likes gardening very much as well as listening to music and reading books about political science. His special hobbies are bird watching and travelling.
Now I'll describe my mother and my brother. My mother is forty-seven and she works as a nurse in a hospital. She is small, and slim, has short brown hair and green eyes. She likes bird watching and travelling too, so whenever my parents are able to they go some place interesting for nature watching. Since we have a cottage with a garden they both spend a lot of time there. My brother is sixteen. He is slim and has short brown hair and blue eyes. He also attends high school. He is interested in computers and sports like football and hockey. He also spends a lot of time with his friends.
I have only one grandmother left still living. She is in pretty good health even at the age of seventy-eight so she still lives in her own flat. I enjoy spending time with her when I can. Both my grandfathers died from cancer because they were smokers, which was really a great tragedy because I didn't get chance to know them. My other grandmother died just a few years ago. I also have a lot of aunts, uncles, and cousins. The cousin I'm closest to is my uncle's daughter Pauline. We have a lot in common because we are both eighteen and so we are good friends.
My parents have assigned me certain duties around the house. I don't mind helping out because everyone in a family should contribute in some way. I help with the washing up, the vacuuming and the shopping. Of course I also have to help keep my room tidy as well. My brother is responsible for the dusting and mopping. He also has to clean his own room. Even though my brother and I sometimes fight about who has to do what job, we are still very close. I am also very close to my parents and I can rely on them to help me. My patents work together to keep our home well maintained and it seem they always have a project or another that they are working on. They respect each other's opinions and even if they disagree they can always come to a compromise. I hope in the future that I have a family like ours.
Question 36. Which of the followings is NOT the hobby of the writer's father?
	A. listening to music	B. bird watching	C. painting	D. doing the gardening
Question 37. Where does the writer's mother work?
	A. in a clinic	B. at home	C. in a company 	D. in a hospital
Question 38. What does the writer's brother do?
	A. a computer programmer	B. a high school student
	C. a college student	D. a football player
Question 39. What happened to the writer's grandfathers?
	A. They died because they smoked too much. 	B. They got lung cancer a few years ago.
	C. They had to leave their own flat.	D. They had an accident and died.
Question 40. The word "tragedy" in the third paragraph mostly means_________.
	A. bad luck	B. sudden accident 	C. sad event	D. encouraged
Question 41. The word "assigned" in the fourth paragraph mostly means_________.
	A. allowed	B. appointed	C. forced	D. boring result
Question 42. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
	A. The writer's mother likes travelling.
	B. One of the writer's grandmothers is living with her.
	C. The writer's brother has to clean his own room.
	D. The writer has a cousin whose age is the same as hers.
Ø Read the following passage and Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
We are descendants of the ice age. Periods of glaciation have spanned the whole of human existence for the past 2 million years. The rapid melting of the continental glaciers at the end of the last ice age spurred one of the most dramatic climate changes in the history of the planet. During this interglacial time, people were caught up in a cataclysm of human accomplishment, including the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Over the past few thousand years, the Earth's climate has been extraordinarily beneficial, and humans have prospered exceedingly well under a benign atmosphere.
Ice ages have dramatically affected life on Earth almost from the very beginning. It is even possible that life itself significantly changed the climate. All living organisms pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and eventually store it in sedimentary rocks within the Earth's crust. If too much carbon dioxide is lost, too much heat escapes out into the atmosphere. This can cause the Earth to cool enough for glacial ice to spread across the land.
In general the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been equalized by the input of carbon dioxide from such events as volcanic eruptions. Man, however, is upsetting the equation by burning fossil fuels and destroying tropical rain forests, both of which release stored carbon dioxide. This energizes the greenhouse effect and causes the Earth to warm. If the warming is significant enough, the polar ice caps eventually melt.
The polar ice caps drive the atmospheric and oceanic circulation systems. Should the ice caps melt, warm tropical waters could circle the globe and make this a very warm, inhospitable planet.
Over the past century, the global sea level has apparently risen upwards of 6 inches, mainly because of the melting of glacial ice. If present warming trends continue, the seas could rise as much as 6 feet by the next century. This could flood coastal cities and fertile river deltas, where half the human population lives. Delicate wetlands, where many marine species breed, also would be reclaimed by the sea. In addition, more frequent and severe storms would batter coastal areas, adding to the disaster of the higher seas.
The continued melting of the great ice sheets in polar regions could cause massive amounts of ice to crash into the ocean. This would further raise the sea level and release more ice, which could more than double the area of sea ice and increase correspondingly the amount of sunlight reflected back into space. The cycle would then be complete as this could cause global temperatures to drop enough to initiate another ice age.
Question 43. According to the passage, carbon dioxide is stored in each of the following EXCEPT_________
	A. polar ice caps.	B. sedimentary rocks.	C. rain forests.	D. fossil fuel.
Question 44. Which of the following does the author NOT mention as a consequence of a large rise in global sea level?
	A. The destruction of wetlands	B. The flooding of cities
	C. A more diverse marine population	D. Severe storms
Question 45. According to the passage, what is the relationship between carbon dioxide and the Earth's climate?
A. Carbon dioxide, which is trapped in glacial ice, is released when warm temperatures cause the ice melt.
B. The greenhouse effect, which leads to the warming of the climate, is result of too much
 carbon stored in the Earth's crust.
	C. Rain causes carbon dioxide to be washed out of the atmosphere and into the ocean.
	D. An increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide results in the warming of the climate.
Question 46. The word "beneficial" in the first paragraph is closest in meaning to_________.
	A. calm	B. inviting	C. thoughtful	D. favorable
Question 47. It can be inferred from the passage that the development of agriculture_________.
	A. preceded the development of animal husbandry.
	B. withstood vast changes in the Earth's climate.
	C. did not take place during an ice age.
	D. was unaffected by the greenhouse effect.
Question 48. The word "This" in the third paragraph refers to_________.
	A. man's upsetting the equation	B. the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide.
	C. a volcanic eruption	D. the melting of the polar ice caps
Question 49. The word "inhospitable" is closest in meaning to_________.
	A. imperfect.	B. uninhabitable. 	C. unlikable	D. cruel.
Question 50. What is the main topic of the passage?
	A. The possibility that the polar ice caps will melt
	B. The coming of another ice age
	C. Man's effect on the carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere
	D. The climate of the Earth over the years.
_________THE END_________
 SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC
TRƯỜNG THPT LIỄN SƠN
(Đề thi gồm: 05 trang)
ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA NĂM 2017-2018
Môn: TIẾNG ANH – ĐỀ SỐ 363
Thời gian làm bài: 60 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề
Họ và tên thí sinh:. SBD:
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions.
Question 01: A. chemical	B. approach	C. achieve	D. challenge
Question 02: A. examine	B. determine	C. valentine	D. heroine 
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions.
Question 03: A. animal	B. pyramid	C. career	D. habitat
Question 04: A. company	B. atmosphere	C. customer	D. employer
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction in each of the following questions.
Question 05: Nick has been working more harder since he was promoted.
A. been working 	B. more harder 	C. was 	D. promoted
Question 06: Williams not only took three showers a day and washed his clothes twice.
A. took 	B. and 	C. washed 	D. twice
Question 07: We should have played much better than we do.
A. should 	B. have played 	C. much better	D. we do
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.
Question 08. Johnny sometimes visits his grandparents in the countryside.
	A. calls on	B. keeps off	C. takes in	D. goes up
Question 09. ________ at by everyone, he was disappointed.
	A. laughed	B. Laugh	C. Laughing	D. In laugh
Question 10. The brochure says that the hotel has a great________ of the sea.
	A. appearance	B. look	C. sight	D. view
Question 11. He had changed so much since the last time we met that I________ him.
	A. could recognize	B. could hardy recognize
	C. wouldn't have recognized	D. don't recognize
Question 12. He's really shy________ girl.
	A. by	B. at	C. for	D. with
Question 13. The passengers had to wait because the plane________ off one hour late.
	A. took	B. turned	C. cut	D. made
Question 14. Is there________ for everyone?
	A. food and drink enough	B. enough food and drink
	C. enough of food and drink	D. enough food and drink enough
Question 15. Our hotel, ________ is converted 17th century manor house, is very comfortable
	A. which	B. that	C. where	D. when
Question 16. A woman can never have a happy married life without________ her husband.
	A. demanding	B. agreeing	C. trusting	D. determining
Question 17. ________ the storm, the ship couldn't reach its destination on time.
	A. In case of	B. But for	C. Because of	D. In spite of
Question 18. He was the only________ that was offered the job.
	A. apply	B. application	C. applicant	D. applying
Question 19. A keystone species is a species of plants or animals________ absence has a major effect on an ecological system.
	A. its	B. that is	C. whose	D. with its
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges.
Question 20. Mike: "I have a favor to ask you."	Tim: "___________" 
	A. Help yourself	B. Go ahead	C. It's a pleasure	D. Ask, please
Question 21. Dick: "I enjoyed myself so much at your birthday party." Patrice: "___________"
	A. It's a pleasure	B. Oh, that's kind of you
	C. Congratulations	D. Oh, I'm glad to hear that
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 22. The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded and homeless.
	A. poor	B. imprisoned	C. suffered	D. injured
Question 23. The Red Cross gives medical aid and other help to victims of major disasters such as floods, earthquakes, epidemics, and famines.
	A. serious droughts	B. poverty	C. shortage of water	D. serious shortage of food
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions.
Question 24. Mr. Smith's new neighbors appear to be very friendly.
	A. amicable	B. inapplicable	C. hostile	D. futile
Question 25. If you are at a loose end this weekend, I will show you round the city.
	A. free	B. confident	C. occupied	D. reluctant
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is CLOSEST in meaning to each of the following questions.
Question 26. The purpose of any invention is to make our lives better, so good or bad, it depends on the way by which we use these inventions.
	A. Whether an invention is good or bad depends on the way by which we use it because the
 	purpose of any invention is to make our lives better.
	B. We can use either good or bad inventions to make our lives better.
C. The purpose of any invention, whether good or bad, is to make our lives better. This depends on the way by which we use these inventions.
	D. Good or bad as they are, all inventions have the same purpose to make our lives better.
Question 27. California attracted people from many countries when gold was discovered in 1848.
	A. Discovered in 1848, gold was attractive to people in California.
	B. Discovered in California in 1848, gold attracted people from many countries there.
	C. Gold in California was discovered in 1848 after many people came here.
	D. When people are attracted to California, they discovered gold in 1848.
Question 28. The number of people who understand his ideas exceeds his expectations.
	A. Fewer people understand him that he expects.
	B. Not as many people understand him as he expects.
	C. More people understand him than he expects.
	D. He expects that more people understand him.
Ø Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that best combines each pair of sentences in the following questions.
Question 29. You'd better take the keys. It's possible I'll come home late.
	A. You'd better take the keys as I possibly come home late.
	B. You'd better take the keys in case I come home late.
	C. I'll probably come home late so that you'd better take the keys.
	D. If I come home late, you'd better take the keys.
Question 30. Travellers are advised to take out insurance. Their luggage may go astray.
	A. Travellers should take out insurance if their luggage goes astray.
	B. Travellers should get insurance, or else their luggage may go astray.
	C. Travellers had better buy insurance as a precaution against their luggage go astray.
	D. Travellers are advised to take out insurance in case their luggage goes astray.
Ø Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 31 to 35.
Easter is a holiday in late March or early April, the first Sunday after the first full moon after 21 March. Many people (31)________ it with their family or have a short holiday/ vacation. It is also an important Christian festival. Easter Sunday, the day of the Resurrection, is the end of Lent (32)________ the most important date in the Christian year. Many people who do not go to church at other times go on Easter Sunday. It was once (33)________ for people to wear new clothes to church on this day. Women (34)_________ new hats, called Easter bonnets. Today, people sometimes make elaborately decorated Easter bonnets for fun. A few people send Easter cards with religious symbols on them or pictures of small chickens, lambs, rabbits and spring flowers, all traditionally associated (35)_________ Easter.
Question 31. A. take	B. use	C. spend	D. expend
Question 32. A. for	B. as	C. and	D. nor
Question 33. A. familiar	B. ordinary	C. common	D. regular
Question 34. A. put on	B. take on	C. bore	D. wore
Question 35. A. toward	B. with	C. to	D. from
Ø Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 36 to 42.
My family consists of four people. There's my father whose name is Jan, my mother whose name is Marie, my brother, Peter and of course, me. I have quite a large extended family as well but, only the four of us live together in our apartment in a block of flats. My father is fifty-two years old. He works as an accountant in an insurance company. He is tall and slim, has got short brown and gray hair and blue eyes. My father likes gardening very much as well as listening to music and reading books about political science. His special hobbies are bird watching and travelling.
Now I'll describe my mother and my brother. My mother is forty-seven and she works as a nurse in a hospital. She is small, and slim, has short brown hair and green eyes. She likes bird watching and travelling too, so whenever my parents are able to they go some place interesting for nature watching. Since we have a cottage with a garden they both spend a lot of time there. My brother is sixteen. He is slim and has short brown hair and blue eyes. He also attends high school. He is interested in computers and sports like football and hockey. He also spends a lot of time with his friends.
I have only one grandmother left still living. She is in pretty good health even at the age of seventy-eight so she still lives in her own flat. I enjoy spending time with her when I can. Both my grandfathers died from cancer because they were smokers, which was really a great tragedy because I didn't get chance to know them. My other grandmother died just a few years ago. I also have a lot of aunts, uncles, and cousins. The cousin I'm closest to is my uncle's daughter Pauline. We have a lot in common because we are both eighteen and so we are good friends.
My parents have assigned me certain duties around the house. I don't mind helping out because everyone in a family should contribute in some way. I help with the washing up, the vacuuming and the shopping. Of course I also have to help keep my room tidy as well. My brother is responsible for the dusting and mopping. He also has to clean his own room. Even though my brother and I sometimes fight about who has to do what job, we are still very close. I am also very close to my parents and I can rely on them to help me. My patents work together to keep our home well maintained and it seem they always have a project or another that they are working on. They respect each other's opinions and even if they disagree they can always come to a compromise. I hope in the future that I have a family like ours.
Question 36. Which of the followings is NOT the hobby of the writer's father?
	A. listening to music	B. bird watching	C. painting	D. doing the gardening
Question 37. Where does the writer's mother work?
	A. in a clinic	B. at home	C. in a company 	D. in a hospital
Question 38. What does the writer's brother do?
	A. a computer programmer	B. a high school student
	C. a college student	D. a football player
Question 39. What happened to the writer's grandfathers?
	A. They died because they smoked too much. 	B. They got lung cancer a few years ago.
	C. They had to leave their own flat.	D. They had an accident and died.
Question 40. The word "tragedy" in the third paragraph mostly means_________.
	A. bad luck	B. sudden accident 	C. sad event	D. encouraged
Question 41. The word "assigned" in the fourth paragraph mostly means_________.
	A. allowed	B. appointed	C. forced	D. boring result
Question 42. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
	A. The writer's mother likes travelling.
	B. One of the writer's grandmothers is living with her.
	C. The writer's brother has to clean his own room.
	D. The writer has a cousin whose age is the same as hers.
Ø Read the following passage and Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 43 to 50.
We are descendants of the ice age. Periods of glaciation have spanned the whole of human existence for the past 2 million years. The rapid melting of the continental glaciers at the end of the last ice age spurred one of the most dramatic climate changes in the history of the planet. During this interglacial time, people were caught up in a cataclysm of human accomplishment, including the development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Over the past few thousand years, the Earth's climate has been extraordinarily beneficial, and humans have prospered exceedingly well under a benign atmosphere.
Ice ages have dramatically affected life on Earth almost from the very beginning. It is even possible that life itself significantly changed the climate. All living organisms pull carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere and eventually store it in sedimentary rocks within the Earth's crust. If too much carbon dioxide is lost, too much heat escapes out into the atmosphere. This can cause the Earth to cool enough for glacial ice to spread across the land.
In general the reduction of the level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere has been equalized by the input of carbon dioxide from such events as volcanic eruptions. Man, howev