Đề cương ôn thi môn Tiếng Anh - Phần Câu Tường Thuật

REPORTED SPEECH
Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì quá khứ, để đổi câu trực tiếp sang câu gián tiếp, ta đổi BA yếu tố là ngơi, thì của động từ và trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn.
a. Ngơi: 
 - Đổi ngơi thứ NHẤT (I, me, my, mine &We, us ,our(s)) phù hợp với CHỦ NGỮ trong mệnh đề chính
- Đổi ngơi thứ HAI (you , your(s)) phù hợp với TÂN NGỮ trong mệnh đề chính
- Ngơi thứ BA( he, him, his, she, her(s), it(s), they, them, their(s) ) khơng đổi
b. Thì và các trạng ngữ:
 CÂU TRỰC TIẾP CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT
Present simple
Past simple
Present continuous
Past continuous ( s + was/were + v-ing)
Present perfect / past simple
Past perfect (s + had + p.p)
Past continuous
Past perfect continuous 
(s + had + been + v-ing)
Will / shall + bare inf
Would / should + bare inf
Must + bare inf
Had to + bare inf
Is / am/ are going to 
Was / were going to
Can / May
Could / Might
This / these 
That / those
Now
Then
Here
There
Ago
Before
The day after tomorrow
In 2 days' time
The day before yesterday
2 days before
Today / tonight
That day / that night
Tomorrow
The day after / the following day / the next day
Yesterday
The day before / the previous day
Last night / month / week / year
The night / month / week / year before.
I. Statements: Câu phát biểu:
told + O
said (to + O )
+ S + V
S +
Ex1: 	“ I did my homework yesterday” Minh said.	
 → Minh said he had done his homework the day before.
II. Questions: Câu hỏi
1. WH – questions:
Ex: 	“ What are you doing now ?” I asked her. 	 I asked her what she was doing then.
2. Yes – No questions:
question word + S + V ( WH-questions)
 wanted to know
 wondered
 asked + O
if / whether + S +V (Yes - No questions)
 S + + 	 
Ex: 	“Do you like classical music, Nam ?” Miss Hoa asked.
 → Miss Hoa asked Nam if he liked classical music.
III. Những trường hợp khơng thay đổi thì của động từ:
a. Khi động từ tường thuật ở thì hiện tại hoặc tương lai
Ex: She says to me: "I like classical music".	 → She tells me she likes classical music.
b. Nếu câu trực tiếp là câu điều kiện loại 2 và loại 3
Ex: "If the weather were fine, we could go camping", Peter said.
→ Peter said if the weather were fine, they could go camping.
c. Nếu trong câu trực tiếp cĩ các trợ động từ: should, would, could, ought to, might, used to, had better
Ex: "You should practice speaking English every day" the teacher said to Mai.
→ The teacher said that Mai should practice speaking English every day. 
Câu gián tiếp (reported speech)
II/ Reported speech with Gerund (V-ing)
1* S + V +(prep) + Ving 
(suggest, deny, detest, delay, postpone, fancy, imagine, keep, risk, avoid, appreciate, admit, miss, practise, dislike, enjoy, save, hate, love, mind, mention, prefer, object to, look forward to, apologize for, feel like, insist on, think of, dream of, worry about, confess to, approve of)
Ex1 : “Let’s go out to have dinner” Tom said.
	Tom suggested going out to have dinner.
2* S + V + O + prep + Ving 
(warnagainst, blamefor, thankfor, accuseof, congratulate  on, discouragefrom, forgivefor, preventfrom, stop from, suspectof) 
“It was nice of you to help me .Thank you very much” Tom said to me
Tom thanked me for helping him
III/ Reported speech with infinitive (Câu tường thuật với To infinitive)
Reported speech with infinitive can be used with such verbs as agree, disagree, promise, refuse, threaten, hope, expect, want, wish, need, offer, plan, fail, swear, try, pretend, manage, intend, choose, fear, demand, seem, tend, request, claim
Ex : She said “”She will come back tomorrow” She promised to come back the next day.
S + V + (not) + to + V1 
Reported speech with infinitive can be used with such verbs as ask, tell, order, beg, allow, remind, encourage, advise, invite, warn, wish, want, command, force, suspect, forbid, need, permit, urge, recommend, instruct..
Ex1 : The teacher said “Nam, don’t put your leg on the chair”
The teacher asked Nam not to put his leg on the chair.
(2) S + V + O + (not) to + V1
IV/ Reported speech with Conditionals
	Ex1 : “If I have time, I will visit you” she said to me.
	She told me (that) if she had time, she would visit me.	
	*Loại 1 	Loại 2 
	Ex1 : “If I had a lot of money, I would travel around the world now” she said.
	She said (that) If she had a lot of money, she would travel around the world then.	*Loại 2 	Loại 2 (thì và cấu trúc không đổi/ giữ nguyên, chỉ đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian hoặc nơi chốn)
Ex1 : “If It had been nice yesterday, We would have gone to the beach” she said.
She said (that) If It had been nice the day before, they would have gone to the beach.
*Loại 3 	Loại 3 (thì và cấu trúc không đổi/ giữ nguyên, chỉ đổi trạng từ chỉ thời gian hoặc nơi chốn)
Exercise 1	 
1. Charlie said, "I'm thinking of going to live in Canada".
a. Charlie said that I was thinking of going to live in Canada.
b. Charlie said that I am thinking of going to live in Canada.
c. Charlie said that he was thinking of going to live in Canada.
d. Charlie said that he is thinking of going to live in Canada.
2. Charlie said, "My father is in hospital". a. Charlie said that my father is in hospital. 
b. Charlie said that his father was in hospital. c. Charlie said that his father is in hospital. 
d. Charlie said that my father was in hospital.
3.Charlie said, "Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow
a. He said that Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow
b. He said that Nora and Jim were getting married the next day.
c. He said that Nora and Jim were getting married tomorrow.
d. He said that Nora and Jim are getting married the next day.
4.Charlie said, "I haven't seen Bill for a while".
a. He said that he hadn't seen Bill for a while. b. He said that I haven't seen Bill for a while.
c. He said that he hasn't seen Bill for a while. d. He said that I hadn't seen Bill for a while.
5.Charlie said, "I've been playing tennis a lot recently" 
a. Charlie said that I've been playing tennis recently. 
b. Charlie said that he had been playing tennis recently.
c. Charlie said that he had bee playing tennis recetly.d. Charlie said that I had been playing tennis recently
6.Charlie said, "Margaret has had a baby". 	a. Charlie said Margaret has had a baby. 
b. Charlie said Margaret had had a baby. c. Charlie said Margaret had a baby. d. Charlie said Margaret has a baby.
7.Charlie said, "I don’t know what Fred is doing". a. He said that he doesn’t know what Fred is doing.	
b. He said that he didn’t know what Fred is doing	. c. He said that he doesn’t know what Fred was doing.	
d. He said that he didn’t know what Fred was doing.
8.Charlie said, "I hardly ever go out these days".	a. He said that he hardly ever went out those days.
b. He said that I hardly ever go out those days.	c. He said that I hardly ever went out those days. 
d. He said that he hardly ever goes out those days.
9.Charlie said, '"I work 14 hours a day". a. He said that he works 14 hours a day.	 
b. He said that he worked 14 hours a day. c. He said that I work 14 hours a day. 
d. He said that I worked 14 hours a day.
10.Charlie said, "I'll tell Jim I saw you". a. He said he'll tell Jim he saw me.	b. He said I would tell Jim
I had seen you. c. He said he would tell Jim he had seen me. d. He said I would tell Jim he had seen me.
11.Charlie said, "You can come and stay with me if you are ever in London".
a. He said you could come and stay with him if you were ever in London.
b. He said I could come and stay with him if I were ever in London.
c. He said you can come and stay with him if you are ever in London.
d. He said I can come and stay with him if I am ever in London.
12.Charlie said, "Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured".
a. He said Tom had an accident the week before but he wasn't injured.
b. He said Tom had had an accident the week before but he wasn't injured.
c. He said Tom had had a accident the week before but he hadn't bee injured.
d. He said Tom had an accident the week before but he hadn't been injured.
13.Charlie said, "I saw jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine".
a.He said he had seen Jack at a party a few months before and he had seemed fine
b.He said I saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine
c. He said he had seen Jack at a party a few months ago and he seemed fine
d.He said he saw Jack at a party a few months ago and he had seemed fine
14.To said, "New York is bigger than London".
a. He said that New York was bigger than London. b. He says that New York is bigger than London.
c. He says that New York was bigger than London. d. He said that New York is bigger than London.
15."Stay in bed for a few days", the doctor said to me.
a.The doctor told me stay in bed for a few a days. b.The doctor told to me to stay in bed for a few days.
c. The doctor said me to stay in bed for a few days. d. The doctor told me to stay in bed for a few days.
16."Don’t shout", I said to Jim.	 a. I told Jim don't shout b. I told to Jim not to shout
c. I told Jim not to shout. 	d. I said to Jim don't shout.
17."Please don’t tell anyone what happened", Ann said to me
a. Ann asked me don't tell anyone what happened. b. Ann told me don't tell anyone what happened.
c. Ann said to me don't tell anyone what happened. d. Ann asked me not to tell anyone what had happened.
18."Can you open the door for me, Tom?" Ann asked.	 
a. Ann asked to open the door for her, Tom. 	b. Ann asked Tom to open the door for her.
c. Ann asked Tom open the door for her. d. Ann asked Tom to open the door for me.
19."Listen carefully", he said to us. a. He told us listen carefully b. He told to us to listen carefully
c. He told us to listen carefully	d. He said us to listen carefully
20.	"Don’t wait for me if I'm late", Ann said.	
a. Ann said don't wait for her if she was late. b. Ann said not to wait for me if I was late.	
c. Ann said not to wait for her if she was late. d. Ann said don't wait for me if I'm late.
Exercise 2
1."Eat more fruit and vegetables", the doctor said.	
a. The doctor said eat more fruit and vegetables b. The doctor said to eat more fruit and vegetables	
c. The doctor said me to eat more fruit and vegetables d. The doctor told me to eat more fruit and vegetables
2."Read the instructions before you switch on the machine", he said to me.
a. He told me to read the instructions before I switched on the machine.
b. He told me read the instructions before I switched on the machine.
c. He told to read the instructions before I switched on the machine.
d. He said to read the instructions before you switched on the machine.
3."Shut the door but don't lock it", she said to us.	
a. She told us to shut the door but don’t look it. b. She told us to shut the door but not to look it.	
c. She told us shut the door but don’t look it. 	d. She told us shut the door but not to look it.
4."Can you speak more slowly? I can't understand", he said to me.
a. He asked me to speak more slowly because he couldn't understand.
b. He asked me to speak more slowly and he couldn't understand.
c. He asked me to speak more slowly but he couldn't understand.
d. He asked me to speak more slowly. He can't understand.
5."Don't come before 6 o'clock", I said to him.	
a. I told him don’t come before 6 o'clock.	b. I told him to come not before 6 o'clock.	
c. I told to him not to come before 6 o'clock. d. I told him not to come before 6 o'clock.
6."I can see you later", he said. a. He said he could see me later b. He said I can see you later
	c. He said I can see you later	d. He said he can see me later
7."I shall tell him exactly what I think", she said.
a. She said she should tell him exactly what she thought b. She said she would tell him exactly what she thought
c. She said she shall tell him exactly what she thinks. d. She said I would tell him exactly what I thought.
8."Are you willing to travel?" she asked. a. She asked me am I willing to travel? b. She asked me if I am willing to travel c. She asked me was I willing to travel? d. She asked me if I was willing to travel
9."You should see a specialist", he told me. a. He told me I see a specialist.	b. He told me you should see a specialist. c. He told me I should have seen a specialist. d. He told me to see a specialist.
10."I would like an appointment tomorrow", I said to my dentist.
a. I told my dentist that I would like an appointment the next day.
b. I told my dentist that I would like a appointment tomorrow.
c. I told my dentist that I would have liked an appointment the next day.
d. I told my dentist that I would have liked an appointment tomorrow.
11."You ought to slow down a bit", the doctor told Jim.
a. The doctor told Jim ought to slow down a bit. b. The doctor told Jim that ought to slow down a bit.
c. The doctor told Jim that he ought to slow down a bit. d. The doctor told Jim that he slowed down a bit.
12."I must have slept through the alarm", she said.
a. She said she must have slept through the alarm b. She said I must have slept through the alarm
c. She said she left through the alarm d. She said she had to have slept through the alarm
14."You needn't come in tomorrow", the boss said.
a. The boss said I needn't come in tomorrow. b. The boss said you needn't come in the next day
c. The boss said I didn't have to come in tomorrow. d. The boss said I needn't come in the next day.
15."If you pass your test, I'll buy you a car", he said.
a. He said that If I pass my test, he'll buy me a car. b. He said that If you pass your test, he would buy you a car.
c. He said that If I passed my test, he would buy me a car.
d. He said that If I had pass my test, he would have bought me a car.
16."If you passed your test, I would buy you a car", he said.
a. He said that if I passed my test, he would buy you a car.
b. He said that if you had passed your test, he would have bought you a car.
c. He said that if I had passed my test, he would have bought me a car.
d. He said that if you passed your test, he would buy you a car.
17."If you'd passed your test, I'd have bought you a car", he said.
a. He said that I'd passed my test, he'd have bought me a car. b. He said that if I passed my test, he would buy me a car. c. He said that if you had passed your test, he would have bought you a car.
d. He said that if you had passed your test, he would buy you a car.
18. "What a silly boy you are!" she exclaimed.	a. She told him what a silly boy you are.	
b. She told him what a silly boy he is. 	c. She told him what a silly boy he was.	
d. She told him what a silly boy you were.
19.	The police officer said to us, "Where are you going?"
a. The police officer asked us where we were going.	b. The police officer asked us where were we going.
c. The police officer asked us where are we going.	d. The police officer asked us where we are going.
20.	Clair asked, "What time do the banks close?"
a. Claire wanted to know what time the banks close?	 b. Claire wanted to know what time do the banks close?
c. Claire wanted to know what time did the banks close? d. Claire wanted to know what time the banks closed.
Exercise 3
1.	"How long have you been working at your present job?" she asked
a. She asked me how long I had been working at my present job.
b. She asked me how long had I been working at my present job.
c. She asked me how long I have been working at my present job.
d. She asked me how long have you been working at your present job.
2.	"What do you do in your spare time?" she asked.
a. She wanted to know what I do in my spare time.b. She wanted to know what I did in my spare time.
c. She wanted to know what did I do in my spare time. d. She wanted to know what do I do in my spare time.
3.	"Do you have a driver's license?" she asked
a. She asked me did you have a driver's license. b. She asked me do you have a driver's license.
c. She asked me if I had a driver's license. d. She asked me if I have a driver's license.
4.	"Where did you go?".	a. She asked me where I had gone.	b. She asked me where did you go.
c. She asked me where did I go.	d. She asked me where you had gone.
5.	"Can you use a computer?" she asked	a. She wanted to know whether I can use a computer. 
b. She wanted to know whether I could use a computer.
c. She wanted to know could I use a computer. d. She wanted to know can I use a computer.
6.	"How are you?" he asked. a. He asked me how are you.
	b. He asked me how I am. c. He asked me how was I	d. He asked me how I was.
7.	"Where have you been?" he asked a. He asked me where had I been.	b. He asked me where have you been.
c. He asked me where I had been.	d. He asked me where you had been.
8.	"How long have you been back?" he said.
a. He asked me how long had I been back.	 b. He asked me how long I had been back.
c. He asked me how long have you been back.	 d. He asked me how long you had been back.
9.	"What are you doing now?" he asked. a. He asked me what I am doing now.	
b. He asked me what you were doing now. 
c. He asked me what was I doing now.	d. He asked me what I was doing then.
10.	"Why did you come back?" he asked.
a. He asked me why I had come back.	b. He asked me why had I come back.
c. He asked me why did you come back.	b. He asked me why you had come back.
11.	"Are you glad to be back?" he asked.
a. He asked me if I was glad to be back.	b. He asked me was I glad to be back?
c. He asked me if I am glad to be back.	b. He asked me are you glad to be back?
12.	"Do you plan to stay for a while?" he asked
a. He asked me if I plan to stay for a while.	 b. He asked me if I planned to stay for a while.
c. He asked me did I plan to stay for a while. d. He asked me do you plan to stay for a while.
13.	"Can you lend me some money?"
a. He asked me can you lend him some money	b. He asked me could you lend him some money
c. He asked me if I can lend him some money	d. He asked me if I could lend him some money
14.	"Where can I buy a phone card in this city?" he asked.
a. He asked me where could he buy a phone card in that city.
b. He asked me where he could buy a phone card in that city.
c. He asked me where I could buy a phone card in that city.
d. He asked me where he can buy a phone card in that city.
15.	She asked, "will you go to night?"
a. She asked me if I will go that night.	b. She asked me if I would go that night.
c. She asked me if will I go night.	b. She asked me would I go that night.
16.	They said, "Hurrah! We have won the contest!".
a. They said to "Hurrad" that they had won the contest. b. They said they had won the contest.
c. They exclaimed with joy that they had won the contest.
d. They said with joy that they have won the contest.
17.	Miss white said to him, "Why are you so late? Did your car have a flat tire?".
a. Miss White told him why was he so late and did your car have a flat tire.
b. Miss White asked him why was he so late and did your car has a flat tire.
c. Miss White asked him why he was so late and if your car have a flat tire.
d. Miss White asked him why he was so late and whether his car had a flat tire.
18.	His friend said to Peter "I'm sad. Let me alone".
a. His friend said that I am sad and let me alone. b. His friend said that I was sad and let me alone.
c. His friend said that he was sad and told Peter to let him alone.
d. His friend said that he was sad and if Peter let him alone.
19.	"What does she like?" he asked me a. He asked me what she likes.	b. He asked me what she liked.
c. He asked me what do I like.	d. He asked me what did I liked.
20.	She said, "Don't tease me, John" a. She said not to tease me to John. 	b. She said John not to tease me.
c. She told John not to tease her.	d. She told John do not tease her
XI . REPORTED SPEECH
Peter said that he had lived in London four years __. a. ago 	b. before 	c. later 	d. then 
The guest told the host that _______. 
a. I must go now 	b. he must go now c. he had to go now d. he had to go then
The teacher told Joe __.	a. to stop talking 	b. stop talking 	 	 c. stops talking d. stopped talking
She said she _____. 	a. was very tired last night 	b. was very tired the night before
c. had been very tired last night 	d. had been very tired the night before
Emily said that her teacher _______ to London _______. 
a. will go / tomorrow 	b. went / tomorrow	c. would go / the next day	d. had gone / the next day
She told the boys _______ on the grass. 
a. do not play 	b. did not play 	c. not playing 	d. not to play
She asked ___. 	a. where was her umbrella 	b. where her umbrella was
c. where were her umbrella 	d. where her umbrella were
Jason asked me _______ me the book the day before.
a. if who gave 	b. if who has given 	c. who had given 	d. that who had given
Robert said that his father _______ to Dallas the year before.
a. goes 	b. went 	c. has gone 	d. had gone
He wanted to know ___ shopping during the previous morning. a. if we had been going b. that if we had gone
c. we were going 	d. that we were going
"How beautiful is the dress you have just bought!" Peter said to Mary.
a. Peter promised to buy Mary a beautiful dress.	 b. Peter said thanks to Mary for her beautiful dress.
c. Peter complimented Mary on her beautiful dress. d. Peter asked Mary how she had just bought her beautiful dress.
"Hello, Mary!" Peter said. ' a. Peter said hello Mary. 	b. Peter said Mary hello.
	c. Peter told Mary hello 	 d. Peter greeted Mary.
"Why don't you ask the teacher for help?" Peter asked me.
a. Peter advised me to ask the teacher for help. b. Peter recommended me not to ask the teacher for help. ,
c. Peter told me the reason why I did not ask the teacher for help.
d. Peter suggested that he should ask the teacher for help.
14. He asked me _______ Robert and I said I did not know _______.
a. that did I know / who were Robert 	b. that I knew / who Robert were
c. if I knew / who Robert was 	 	 d. whether I knew / who was Robert
15.The mother asked her son _______.
a. where he has been 	b. where he had been	c. where has he been 	d. where had he been
16.Martin asked me _______.
a. how is my father 	b. how my father is	c. how was my father 	d. how my father was
17.The host asked Peter _______ tea or coffee.
a. whether he preferred 	b. that he preferred	c. did he prefer 	d. if he prefers
18.She asked me _______ my holidays _______. 
 a. where I spent / the previous year 	 b. where I had spent / the previous year	
c. where I spent / last year 	d. where did I spend / last year
19.He advised ___ too far. 	a. her did not go b. her do not go 	c. her not to go 	d. she did not go
20.John often says he _______ boxing because it _______ a cruel sport.
a. does not like / is 	b. did not like / were	c. not liked / had been d. had not liked / was
21.Nancy asked me why I had not gone to New York the summer _______.
a. before	b. ago 	c. last 	d. previous
22.He asked _______ him some money. a. her to lend 	b. she to lend 	c. she has lent 	d. she lends
23.Andrew told me that they _______ fish two _______ days.
a. have not eaten / ago 	b. had not eaten / previous	c. did not eat / before 	d. would not eat / last
24.Jason told me that he _______ his best in the exam the _______ day.
a. had done / following 	b. will do / previous	c. would do / following 	d. was going / previous
25.. My mother said _____________ my study results the year before.
	A. she is satisfied with	B. she is satisfied to	C. she was satisfied to	D. she had been satisfied with
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26. “Would you like some coffee, Mike?”
	A. Jane asked Mike to make her some coffe.	B. Jane wanted to know whether Mike like coffee.
	C. Jane offered to make some coffee for Mike.	D. Jane suggested drinking some coffee.
27. She said, “I’ll call the police if you don’t leave immediately!”
	A. She threatened to call the police if he didn’t leave immediately.
	B. she frightened to call the police if he didn’t leave immediately.
	C. She scared to call the police if he didn’t leave immediately.
	D. She said to call the police if he didn’t leave immediately..
28. Mary said, “I am sure that you broke my vase, Jim.”
	A. Mary said she knew that Jim broke her vase.	B. Mary accused Jim of having broken her vase.
	C. Mary asked Jim if he had broken her vase.	D. Mary told Jim to break her vase.
29. "How long have you been waiting here?" the girl asked me.
	A. The girl asked me how long I had been waiting here. B. The girl asked me how long had I been waiting here.
	C. The girl asked me how long I had been waiting there. D. The girl asked me how long had I been waiting there.
30. “Would you mind dancing with me?” “No”
He invited me to dance with him but 
A. I didn’t	B. I said I didn’t	C. I refused	D. I accepted
31. Tom said that he nothing to upset Daisy the day before.
	A. do	B. done	C. had done	D. was doing
32. She said to us “Don’t be late again”
	A. She said to us not to be late again.	B. She told us to be not late again.
	C. She told us not to be late again.	D. She told to us not to be late again.	
33. The bus conductor said, “What is your name?”
A. The bus conductor said to me what my name was.	B. The bus conductor asked me what was my name.
C. The bus conductor asked me what is my name.	D. The bus conductor wanted to know my name.
34. “How about going to the park for a change?” said John.
A. John insisted on not going to the park again B. Going to the park for a change doesn’t brought about.
C. John suggested going to the park for a change.	D. John asked to change the plan for going to the park.
35. “When did you leave school?” the interviewer asked me.
	A. The interviewer told me when I had left school.	B. The interviewer asked me when I had left school.
	C. The interviewer asked me when you had left school. D. The interviewer asked me when I left school.
36.The doctor advised Mr. Pike to take up a new hobby.
a. The doctor said, "A new hobby is not good for Mr. Pike."
b. The doctor wanted Mr. Pike not to have any new hobby.
c. The doctor said, "You should start a new hobby, Mr. Pike."
d. The doctor said to Mr. Pike, "You should stop your present hobby."
37. He said that he _______ his bicycle. 
A. has lost	 B. loses C. had lost 	D. lost