Đề cương ôn thi môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12: Subjuntive mood-Thức giả định

SUBJUNTIVE MOOD – THỨC GIẢ ĐỊNH NAME: 
Câu giả định dùng would rather và that: 
sự việc ở hiện tại (present subjunctive): người thứ nhất muốn người thứ hai làm việc gì (nhưng làm hay không còn phụ thuộc vào người thứ hai). :
S1 + would rather ( that )+ S2 + [verb in simple form] / not + Vinf
I would rather that you show me the result now./ My mother would rather that I do my homework.
Sự việc  đối lập với thực tế ở hiện tại:
S1 + would rather( that) + S2 + V-ed/V-past/ didn’t +V/ were(n’t)
 She would rather that she didn’t leave there.(She left there, in fact)
He would rather that he had a job. (In fact, he is unemployed now)
1.3. Diễn tả sự việc  trái ngược với thực tế ở quá khứ
S1 + would rather( that) + S2 + past perfect(had(n’t) +Ved/Vp2)
She would rather that she had explained to him (She didn’t explain to him)
I would rather that I hadn’t said that.
II. Câu giả định dùng với các động từ trong bảng dưới đây
Advise
Demand
Prefer
Require
Ask
Insist
Propose
Stipulate
Command
Move
Recommend
Suggest
Decree
Order
Request
Urge
– Trong câu nhất định phải có that.– Động từ  sau chủ ngữ 2 ở dạng nguyên thể bỏ to.
Subject 1 + verb + that + subject 2+ [verb in simple form] 
We require that the receptionist book us two rooms.
Congress has decreed that the gasoline tax is abolished.
Nếu bỏ that đi chủ ngữ 2 sẽ trở thành tân ngữ, động từ trở về dạng nguyên thể có to, câu sẽ mất đi ý nghĩa giả định và trở thành câu bình thường.
We require him to book us 2 rooms.
Lưu ý : tiếng Anh Anh (British English), trước động từ nguyên thể có should.,tiếng Anh Mỹ (American English) người ta bỏ nó đi.
III. Câu giả định dùng với tính từ
Các tính từ dùng trong câu giả định gồm các tính từ trong bảng dưới đây.
Advised
Necessary/Essential/Vital
Recommended
Urgent
Important
Obligatory
Required
imperative
Mandatory
Proposed
Suggested
Trong công thức sau, adjective chỉ định một trong các tính từ có trong bảng trên.
it + be + adjective + that + subject + [verb in simple form ](any tense)
It is important that I find my keys./
It was suggested that she go to the dentist.
It has been proposed that we change the topic.
It is necessary that the students know speaking English.
It has been suggested that he forget the election.
It was recommended that you ask your teacher about this difficulty.
Trong một số trường hợp có thể dùng danh từ tương ứng với các tính từ ở trên theo công thức sau.
it + be + noun + that + subject + [verb in simple form ](any tense)
It is a recommendation from my mother that I take care of my health.
IV. Dùng với một số trường hợp khác
– Câu giả định còn dùng được trong một số câu cảm thán, thường bao hàm các thế lực siêu nhiên.
God save the queen!. Chúa phù hộ cho nữ hoàng.
God be with you! = good bye (khi chia tay nhau)
Curse this frog!: chết tiệt con cóc này
– Dùng với một số thành ngữ:
Come what may: dù có chuyện gì đi nữa.: Come what may I always support you.
If need be : nếu cần: If need be I can give you the answers.
– Dùng với  if this be trong trường hợp muốn nêu ra một giả định từ phía người nói nhưng không thật chắc chắn lắm về khả năng.
If this be proven right, you would be considered innocent.
V. Câu giả định dùng với it is time
It is time (for smb) to do sth : đã đến lúc phải làm gì. (thời gian vừa vặn, không đưa ra giả định)
It is time for me to get to the airport (just in time).
It is time/It is high time /It is about time+      subject + simple past      (đã đến lúc – giả định thời gian đến trễ một chút)
It’s time for you to answer me./It’s high time for you to go to work(it is a little bit late)
SUBJUNTIVE MOOD -BÀI TẬP VỀ CÂU GIẢ ĐỊNH
1. I enjoyed the movie very much. I wish I ______ the book from which it was made. 
A. have read    	B. had read    	C. should have read  D. am reading
2. You are late. If you _______ a few minutes earlier, you_______him. 
A. came / would meet	B. had come / would have met C. come / will meet 	D. had come / would meet
3. I can’t stand him. He always talks as though he_______everything.
A. knew       	B. knows       	C. has know       	D. had known
4. His doctor suggested that he ______short trip abroad. A. will take     B. would take     	C. take     D. took
5. We might have failed if you ___us a helping hand.
A. have not given 	B. would not give	C. had not given    	D. did not give
6. The law requires that everyone __his car checked at least once a month.A. has   B. have  C. had    D. will have
7. He was busy yesterday, otherwise he_______to the meeting.
A. would come 	B. would have been C. could have been 	D. would be
8. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _______ much easier. 
A. will be    B. would have been C. could have been 	D. would be
9. ________ the fog, we should have reached our schoo1. 
A. Because of	B. In spite of    	C. In case of    	D. But for
10. –“What will you do during winter vacation?” –“I don’t know, but it’s about time______something.”
A. I decided 	B. I’ll decide  	C. I’d decided    	D. I’m deciding
11. He was very busy yesterday, otherwise, he ________to your birthday party. 
A. would come	B. came   C. would have come 	D. should come
12. The two strangers talked as if they_______friends for years. 
A. should be  	B. had been 	C. have been 	D. were
13. Look!  What you’ve done!You_have been more careful. A. should      	B. may     C. ought      D. would
14. Without electricity, what _______?
A. will the world be like    B. would the world be like C. the world will be like     	D. the world would be like
15. With your ability, you _______out the puzzle within a few minutes.
A.  could have worked           	B. need have worked B.  C. ought have worked        	D. must have worked
16. My suggestion is that the sick boy_______to hospital as soon as possible.
A. is taken    	B. must be taken    	C. be taken    	D. has to be taken
17. If we had not missed the bus, we_______lunch at home now. 
A. would have had B. would have 	C. must be having	D. would be having
18. _______ here yesterday, he would attend the lecture with us today.
A. Had he been	B. If he were    	C. Were he    	D. Should be he
19. His tired face suggested that  he_______really tired after the 1ong walk. 
A. had been       	B. was       	C. be       	D. should be
20. Do you feel that I_______the problem in a different way the other day?
A. should come 	B. should have solved C. have solved    	D. solved
21. 0ur chairman hasn’t come yet. If he _______on time, we would have to put off the meeting.
A. should come 	B. would come 	C. shouldn’t come    D. doesn’t come
22. He insisted that he _______ really very tried and that he _______to have a rest. 
A. was / be allowed  B. was / must be allowed C. should be / must be allowed      	D. should be / be allowed
23. He did his best in everything / _______he would not have been what he was. 
A. and       	B. but      	C. otherwise      	D. but that
24. I do_______ I could give you a hand. A. hope      B. wish     	C. expect         	D. think
25. I Would rather she_______ tomorrow than today. A. come    B. came     C. should         	D. has come
26. The guard at the gate insisted that everybody_______the rules. 
A. obeys     	B. obey     	C. will obey      	D. Would obey
27. I _______her if I thought she would understand. A. would tell    B. will tell    	C. would have to1d	D. told
28. The teacher requires Rose _by heart 15 English words each day. A.learn B. to learn    C. must learn  D. learning
29. –“If he ________, he ________that food.” –“Luckily he was sent to the hospita1 immediate1y.” 
A. was warmed / would not take        	B. had been warmed / wou1d not have taken
C. would be warmed / had not taken    	D. would have been warmed / had not taken
30. Without electricity human life_______quite different today. 
A. is      	B. will be      	C. would have been	D. Would be
1. It's about time you___ harder for the exam. a. work	b. are working c. worked	d. have worked
2. If George were here,he ____ be glad to see you.
a. will	b. may c. shall	d. would
3. ___ there yesterday, I would have told the boss that Samie's idea was not feasible.
a. I had been	b. Were I c. Had I been	d. If I was
4. Since you had hard time dealing with the bossy manager,you____ very careful from now on.
a. would have been	b. would be c. should have been	d. should be
5. I would have gone to the annual meeting if I ____ time.
a. had had	b. have had c. had	d. would have had
6. Dennis proposed to his boss that a branch office___ in Los Angeles for business expansion.
 a. set up	b. was set up c. should set up	d. be set up
7.___it been not for your recklessness, the project might have been accomplished last week.
a. were	b. should c. had	d. if
8. If I had gotten up early,I___ the train to Seattle, where an important business meeting was being held.
a. might catch	 b. will have caught c. could have caught	d. would catch
9. God___ the queen. a. saves	b. save	c. saved	d. would have saved
10. My nephew didn't pass his exam.I wish he ___it.a. passed b. had passed c. will pass	d. would pass
11. It has been suggested that there ____ a tax exemption on the income of the poor.
a. been	b. is c. will be	d. should be
12. The little boy demands that she____ to buy a car in the toy store.
a. allow	b. allows c. allowed	d. be allowed
13. It is necessary that he___ the book in advance. a. read	b. reads c. to read	d. will read
14. The doctor suggests you___ too much alcohol.a. drink b. should drink c. not drink	d. be drinking
15. The manager insists that all employees___ when the President comes in.
a. standing	b. be standing c. are standing	d. will be standin
Bài tập 1: Chia động từ trong ngoặc theo đúng thời.
1. He suggested that I ____________ ready by eight o'clock. (to be)
2. We request that she ___________ ____ the window. (to open)
3. They recommended that he __________ _____ to Bermuda. (to fly)
4. The request that we ___ _________ ready to leave at six is a nuisance. (to be)
5. The recommendation that she _________ ___ a holiday was carried out. (to take)
6. It is necessary that you __________ ____ able to come with us. (to be)
7. I wish it (not rain) ..heavily last Sunday.
8. It is important that he __________ _____ everything he can. (to learn)
9. They demand that she __________ ______ the report has been carried out. (to complete)
10. I wish I (know) .something about computers.
11. I wish the traffic (not make) so much noise everyday.
12. It‟s high time the children (prepare) ..their lesson. They are watching TV now.
13. If only it (be) ..	warm and sunny today. I‟m fed up with snow and cold.
14. Everybody was exhausted. It looked as if they (work) .. hard.
15. I‟d rather my teacher (give)  .. us fewer compositions tonight.
16. My neighbors always treat us as if we (be) ..their servants.
17. Nick is quite ready for the exam. It looks as if he (prepare) .. everything.
Exercise 2 : choose the best answer :
1. It‟s important that he ______________ to take her medicine twice a day
A remember	B remembering	C to remember	D Remembered
2. I suggest that John____________ the directions carefully before assembling the bicycle. He doesn‟t want  the wheels to fall off while he is riding down a hill. A reading	B to read C read	D rave read
3. Mrs. Mary demanded that the heater ___ immediately. Her apartment was freezing.
A repaired	B be repaired	C repair	D repairing
4. It‟s vital that the United States ______________ on improving its public education system. What we do now will
 affect our country for generations to come. A focuses	B focus C focusing	D To focus
5. The monk insisted that the tourists ____ the temple until they had removed their shoes.
A not entering	B not to enter C not enter	D entered
6. I am not going to sit here and let her insult me. I demand that she immediately---for what she just said.
A apologize	B apologizing	C to apologize	D apologized
7. Tom asked that we _________ her graduation ceremony next week.
A attended	B to attend	C attend	D attending
8. Was it really necessary that I _______ there watching you the entire time you were rehearsing for the play? 
It was really boring watching you repeat the scenes over and over again.
A sits	B am sitting	C be sitting	D To sit
9. It is important to remember that Henry _very differently from you. She may not agree to the changes you have 
made in the organization of the company. A think	B to think	C thinks	D thinking
10. It’s a little difficult to find the restaurant. I propose that we all ___ together so that nobody gets
lost along the way.	A is driving	B drive	C to drive	D driven
Exercise 3: Rewrite the sentences without changing the meaning :
1. He appears to be running away from your fierce dog.–> It looks..
2. I would love to be rich and famous.–> If only.
3. I‟d love to be in a secluded beach in Mexico.–> I wish
4. I really think you ought to acquire a few manners.–> It’s high time
5. I‟m really sorry I didn‟t invite her to the party.–> I really wish I..
6. Would you mind not smoking here?–> I’d rather..
7. Please don’t say things like that.–> I wish
Exercise 2. Fill in the blanks below with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
1. Alice didn't get a good grade. She wishes she (work) ............. harder.
2. Tom likes football very much. He wishes he (become) ............. a professional football player.
3. He was running very fast when he had a heart attack. If only he (not/run)....... so fast.
4. She's keen on computers. She wishes she (study)..... computer science next school year.
5. I am sorry I don’t know how to use the computer. If only I (know) ........ how to use it.
6. I stayed late at work and missed the last bus. I wish I (stay) ......... at work late
7. I wish I ....... (talk) to him yesterday.
8. I need help badly. If only you ..........(can) help me.
9. My old car often breaks down. I wish I ...........(buy) a new car.
10. He didn't pass the exam. If only he ..........(work) hard.
11. She was absent. I wish she (attend).......... the conference.
12. What a beautiful house! I wish I ...........(have) a house like this one.
13. I wish I ........ (be) rich. I would buy a farm and enjoy the calm of the countryside.
14. They had that bad accident because they were careless. If only they.......(be) more careful.
15. We saw the film. I wish you .......... (see) it with us. It was an amazing evening.
16. I like traveling around the world. If only I .......... (have) time to realize my dream.
1. The Payroll Department _______ that all employees submit their completed and signed time sheets no later than Thursday due to the upcoming holiday. A. wants	B. requests	C. desires	D. likes
2. After touring the manufacturing plant, she _______ that we could apply many of their procedures to our own operations at the Birmingham facility. A. determination B. determined 	C. determinating	D. determines
3. It is mandatory _______ all employees to turn in their timecards by Wednesday, or else they will have to wait to receive their checks the following Wednesday. A. from	B. to	C. by	D. for
4. Studies have _______ that wise product placement can increase company revenues dramatically in relatively short periods of time. A. recommend	B. research	C. shown	D. targeted
5. Analysts _______that the country improve its infrastructure to get foreign investment.
A. suggested	B. suggest to	C. suggesting	D. were suggested
6. It is imperative that the contracts _______ at least a month prior to the beginning of the project.
A. finalize	B. finalized	C. be finalized	D. finalizing
7. Although we requested that we_______a room with garden view when we made the reservation, we were taken to a sea view room when we arrived. A. have given	B. were giving	C. gave	D. be given
8. If he _______ in better shape, he would be a great addition to our rugby team.A. were	B. be	C. is	D. was
9. The coach wishes the rugby team _______ more motivated, but he still helps the team as a whole, not just the ones who show promise.A. were	B. be	C. is D. was
10. The coach asked that each player ___ twice each day. A. practiced B. had practiced C. practice D. Practices
Subjuntive – Câu giả định
1. But for two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test.
A. If I didn’t make two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test.
B. I would have got full marks for the test if there hadn’t been these two minor mistakes
C. Had I made two minor mistakes, I would have got full marks for the test.
D. If the mistakes hadn’t been minor, I could have got full marks for the test.
2. Get in touch with me as soon as possible if you change your mind about the trip.
A. Should you change your mind about the trip, contact me as soon as possible
B. If you changed your mind about the trip, get in touch with me as soon as possible.
C. You should call me whenever you changed your mind about the trip.
D. Having changed your mind about the trip, you should get in touch with me soon
3. If it hadn’t been for the goalkeeper, United would have lost.
A. United didn’t lose the game thanks to their goalkeeper.
B. United lost the match because of their goalkeeper.
C. Without their goalkeeper, United could have won
D. If their goalkeeper didn’t play so well, United would have lost.
4. Without his help, we would all die. A. We died because he didn’t help us B. He didn’t help us, so we died.
C. If it hadn’t been for his help, we would all have died D. If he had helped us, we wouldn’t have died.
5. Had the announcement been made earlier, more people would have attended the lecture.
A. Not many people came to hear the lecture because it was held too late,
B. The lecture was held earlier so that more people would attend
C. Fewer people attended the lecture because of the early announcement.
D. Since the announcement was not made earlier, fewer people came to hear the lecture.
6. But for Helen acting so wonderfully, the play would be a flop
A. Helen acted so wonderfully, but the play was a flop.
B. If it wasn’t for Helen’s wonderful acting, the play would be a flop
C. The play was a flop although Helen acted so wonderfully.
D. The play was a flop although Helen was such a wonderful actor.
7. Provided your handwriting is legible, the examiner will accept your answer.
A. Although the examiner cannot read your handwriting, he will accept your answer,
B. Whatever your handwriting, the examiner will accept your answer.
C. The examiner will accept your answer if your handwriting is beautiful
D. So long as the examiner can read your handwriting, he will accept your answer.
8. But for his father’s early retirement, Richard would not have taken over the family business.
A. Richard only took over the family business because his father decided to retire early.
B. Richard didn’t take over the family business because his father didn’t retire early
C. His father retired early but he still ran the family business
D. Richard’s father didn’t want him to take over the family business despite his retirement
9. Were it not for the money, the job wouldn’t be worthwhile
A. This job is not rewarding at all. 	C. Although the salary is poor, the job is worthwhile
B. This job offers a poor salary. 	D. The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money.
10. You can stay in the flat for free if you pay the bills.
A. Provided you pay the bills, you can stay in the flat for free.
B. Without the bills paid, you can stay in the free flat.
C. Unless the flat is free of bills, you cannot stay in it.
D. Whether you pay the bills or stay in the flat, it is free.
11: She is now leading a normal life as a result of all the support she received from social workers.
A. Had it not been for the social workers, she wouldn’t be leading such a normal life now.
B. Because she receives all the support from social workers, she is leading a normal life now
C. If she didn’t receive all the support from social workers, she wouldn’t be leading a normal life now.
D. Had she not received so much support from social workers, she wouldn’t be leading such a normal life now.
12. In my experiments, the liquid is cooled to 32ºF. It always freezes.
A. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it froze. B. If you cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would freeze.
C. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it will freeze.D. If you had cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would have frozen.
Exercise 4: Choose the best answer:
1. I'm not very fit. I wish ______A. I would be fitter	B. I were fitter	C. I was fitter	D. I am fitter
2. It's very hot.
A. I wish it were cooler .C. A. I wish it were hotter. B. I wish it was rain tomorrow. D. If only it had rained.
3. He likes to swim.->He wishes he near the sea.A. lived	B. living	C. lives	D. to live
4. She wishes she ... blue eyes.A. has	B. had	C. had had	D. would have
5. If only I ___ him now.A. see	B. saw	C. have seen	D. seen
6. I wish it ___ a holiday today.A. were	B. will be	C. is	D. had been
7.What a pity I didn’t meet you yesterday.
A. If only I met you yesterday.	B. If only I meet you yesterday.
C. If only I had met you yesterday.	D. If only I hadn’t met you yesterday.
8.. Susan regretted not buying that villa.
A. Susan wished she had bought that villa.	B. Susan wished she bought that villa.
C. Susan wished she could buy that villa.	D. Susan wished she hadn’t bought that villa.
9. It’s a pity that you didn’t tell us about this.
A. I wish you told us about this.	B. I wish you would tell us about this.
C. I wish you had told us about this.	D. I wish you have told us about this.
10. He wishes he  buy a new car.A. can	B. will	C. could	D. would
11. Those children are really noisy.
A. I wish they were quieter B. I wish they would be quiet C. If only they were quieter	D.  A and C are correct
12. She misses him. She wishes he  her a letter.A. would send	B. will send C. has sent D. would have sent
13. I wish I help you.A. would	B. can	C. could	D. will
14. She wishes she  him yesterday.A. would meet	B. meets	C. met	D. had met
15. Yesterday, John told me that he wishes he ___ harder in high school because then university
might not be so difficult for him.A. studied	B. would study	C. had studied	D. studies
16. If only my motorbikebroken down again, I would have arrived on time A. wouldB. hadn’tC. didn’tD. wasn’t
17. I wish I ___ in prison, but I am. A. wasn't	B. am not	C. weren't	D. were
18. I wish you. make that noise, it’s annoying!A. don't	B. wouldn't	C. would	D. couldn't
19. I wish I. to the movies with you last night.A. went	B. did go C. could go	D. could have gone
20.. I hate Canadian winters. I wish I __ in Hawai right now.A. was	B. am	C. will be	D. were
Exercise 5: Choose the best option to complete these following sentences.
2. Henry talks with his dog as if it ___him. 
A. understand	B. understood	C. understanding	D. had understood.
3. She sings as if she __ a singer.A. were	B. is	C. had been	D. has been
4. I feel as if my head ___fire now. A. were	B. is	C. had been	D. has been
5. Mary dresses as if she __ a queen.A. is	B. be	C. were	D. had been
6. She acted as if she___ big amount of money.A. had	B. has	C. have	D. had had
7. He spends his money as though he ___ a millionaire.A. were	B. is	C. be	D. has been
8. He talked about Paris as if he __there before.A. be	B. been	C. has been	D. had been
9. Tom acts as if he ___my boss.A. had been	B. have been	C be	D. were
10. He talked as if he __________ all the work himself, but in fact Tom and I did most of it.
A. has done	B. have done	C did	D. had done
11. Barbara looked at me as though she ___me before.
A. has never met	B. have never met	C had never met	D. never met
12. She behaved as though she __ crazy. A. has been	B. had been	C. be	D. B and C are right
13. He treats us as if we___ all idiots. A. has been	B. have been	C. be	D. were
14. The spaceman felt as if he __ in a paradise. A. had been	B. falls	C. fall	D. has fallen
15. He behaved as though he ___to the USA. A. has been	B. had been	C. were	D. was
16. I wish the more effective teaching method_ used.A. is	B. was	C. were	D. has been
17. She wishes she ______ a fairy now.A. was	B. were	C. is	D. had been
18. She spent money as if she always__plenty of it.A. have	B. had	C. had had	D. has
19. Mr Nam ate as if he _anything for days A. didn’t eat	B. haven’t eaten C. hadn’t eaten	D. not ate
20. She walks as if she__ a wooden leg. A. has	B. have	C. had	D. have had
Exercise 6: Choose the correct answer
1. I __watch the football game than basketball game A. like	B. would rather	C. prefer	D. would like
2. Jane would rather that it ______ winter now. A. were	B. be	C. is	D. had been
3. Would you rather ______ in ink or in pencil?A. write	B. writing	C. to write	D. wrote
4. I would rather that you ______ me tomorrow.A. call	B. to call	C. calling	D. will call
5. Henry would rather that his girlfriend ___in the same department as he does.
A. workB. to workC. working	D. worked
6. It’s time you _________the house.A. paint	B. painted	C. painting	D. paints
7. Bob would rather that Jill ______ to class yesterday.A. go	B. went	C. had gone	D. have gone
8. It’s time we all........................ 	now.A. had gone	B. go	C. should go	D. went
9. John would rather ___ than worked last night.A. slept	B. was sleeping	C. have slept	D. had slept
10. It’s time __a car. A. go	B. buy	C. to buy	D. buying
1. I requested that he .. the work on time.A. finishes	B. will finish	C. finish	D. finished
2. It is necessary that she  the club.Ajoin	B. joins	C. would join	D. has joined
3. The doctor suggested that the patient  smoking.A. stop B. should stop C. would stop D.  A and B are correct
4. It is important that you .. on time.A. comes	B. coming	C. having come	D. come
5. It is necessary that she  the housework.A. do	B. would do	C. doing	D. done
6. They requested that I early.A. leave	B. should leave	C. left	D. A or B
7. It is our wish that he what he please.A. is doing	B. does	C. do	D. should have done
8. I propose that the minutes of the previous meeting read.A. to be B. be C. being	D. should have been
9. The court ordered that the man .. released.A. be	B. was	C. is	D. has been
10. It is essential that he . the bike. A. to repair	B. should repair C. would repair	D. had better repair