Đề cương ôn thi học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 10 - Unit 6-10

CONSOLIDATION - GRADE 10
Test format – Cấu trúc đề thi HK2 (Unit 6 – 10)
Tự luận
Đọc hiểu - 4 câu hỏi
1 đoạn văn khoảng 250 từ 
2 điểm
Viết lại câu - 4 câu
mệnh đề quan hệ, câu tường thuật, so sánh; IF 
2 điểm
Trắc nghiệm
Ngữ âm - 4 câu
Phát âm; Dấu nhấn
1 điểm
Điền từ - 4 câu
1 đoạn văn khoảng 150 từ
1 điểm
Ngữ pháp - 8 câu
Modals; So sánh; If; Tường thuật; Mệnh đề quan hệ; Giới từ 
2 điểm
Từ vựng - 8 câu
Từ vựng; Từ loại; Đồng nghĩa; Trái nghĩa 
2 điểm
MODAL VERBS (ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT)
CAN (có thể)
CANNOT (Không thể)
diễn tả một tài năng, một dự đoán chắc chắn.
diễn tả một yêu cầu giúp đỡ.
MAY – MIGHT (có thể)
diễn tả một hành động xảy ra, nhưng không chắc.
diễn tả sự xin phép, cho phép; diễn tả một lời cầu chúc
MUST (phải)
diễn tả một mệnh lệnh hay một sự bắt buộc.
diễn tả một kết luận chắc chắn, một giải thích hợp lý (theo người nói).
MUSTN'T (Không được)
diễn tả một lệnh cấm.
SHOULD = OUGHT TO (nên)
Diễn tả một lời khuyên tốt, nên làm
NEED (cần phải)
Diễn tả một sự cần thiết 
PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)
Thì
Chủ động
Bị động
Hiện tại đơn
S + V 0 / VS / ES + O
S + am / is /are V 3 / ED + (by O)
Hiện tại tiếp diễn
S + am / is / are V-ing + O
S + am / is /are being V 3 / ED + (by O)
Htại hoàn thành
S + have / has V 3 / ED + O
S + have / has been V 3 / ED + (by O)
Quá khứ đơn
S + V 2 / ED + O
S + was / were V 3 / ED + (by O)
Quá khứ tiếp diễn
S + was / were V-ing + O
S + was / were being V 3 / ED + (by O)
Quá khứ hoàn thành
S + had V 3 / ED + O
S + had been V 3 / ED + (by O)
Đtừ khiếm khuyết
S + ĐTKK + V 0 + O
S + ĐTKK + be + V 3 / ED + (by O)
Công thức chung: 
Active:	S 	 V 	O
 Passive:	S 	BE + V 3 / ED 	BY + O
*Chú ý: BY + O có thể lược bỏ (by people, by them, by someone / anyone / no one / somebody / anybody / nobody). Khi bỏ BY NO ONE/ NOBODY => chuyển thành câu phủ định
RELATIVE CLAUSES
Chỉ người 
WHO + V
WHOM + S + V
Chỉ vật
WHICH
Chỉ sở hữu (TTSH: my, our, your, his, her, their, its)
WHOSE + N
COMPARISON (SO SÁNH)
- So sánh bằng: AS 	 + ADJ / ADV + AS + S + V (NOT AS / SO)
- So sánh hơn: Adj / Adv ngắn – ER / MORE + Adj/adv dài	 (THAN + S + V)
- So sánh nhất: THE 	+ Adj/ Adv ngắn- EST	/ THE MOST + Adj/adv dài	
Một số tính từ, trạng từ bất quy tắc:
 Adjective > Comparative ( SS hơn) > Superlative (SS nhất)	 Nghĩa
good / well	better	the best	tốt, giỏi, hay
bad / ill	worse	the worst	tệ, dở, xấu
little 	less	the least	ít
much / many	more 	the most	nhiều
far	father/further	the farthest / the furthest	xa
REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT)
Câu kể
S said, “S + V”
 said to O, “S + V” 
S said that S + V
 told O 
Câu mệnh lệnh
S said to O, “V0 
 “Don’t + V0”
S told O to + V0 
 asked O not to + V0 
Một số thay đổi từ câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật
Thay đổi về
“Câu trực tiếp”
Câu tường thuật
Thì động từ
Hiện tại đơn (V0 - VS / ES)
" Quá khứ đơn (V2 / ED) 
Hiện tại tiếp diễn (am/is/are V – ing)
" Quá khứ tiếp diễn (was/were V–ing)
Hiện tại hoàn thành (have/has V3/ED)
" Quá khứ hoàn thành (had V3/ED)
Quá khứ đơn (V2/ED)
Quá khứ hoàn thành (had V3 / ED)
can / will / may 
" could / would / might
am / is / are going to
" was / were going to
Đại từ nhân xưng
I (me / my, mine)
" người nói 
We (us / our / ours)
You (you, your, yours)
" người nghe
He (him, his); She (her, hers); It (its) 
They (them, their, theirs)
" không thay đổi
Trạng từ
Từ chỉ định
now = at present: bây giờ 
" then
today: hôm nay
" (on) that day
yesterday: hôm qua
" the previous day; the day before
last week / month / year
" the previous week; the week before 
tomorrow: ngày mai
" the following day; the next day
next week / month / year
" the following week; the next week
here: ở đây
" there: ở đó
this: (một) cái này
" that: cái đó
these: những cái này
" those: những cái đó
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN)
I (Có thể xảy ra ở HT / TL)
IF + S + V1/S/ES
S + V0/S/ES (sự thật, chân lý)
S + will / can / may + V0
II (Không thể xảy ra ở HT / TL)
IF + S + were / V2/ED
S + would / could / might + V0
Lưu ý: IF  NOT = UNLESS (Nếu  không / Trừ phi)
MORE EXERCISES
MODALS VERBS – ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT
Nancy ______________________ go to bed early; tomorrow is her day off.
You ______________________ smoke on buses. It's forbidden.
We haven’t got much time. We _______ hurry.
______________________ I use your pen please ?
She ______________________ play the piano well.
“Have you seen John?” “No. But he _________ be studying in the library.
You ______________________ do the washing up; we have a dishwasher.
Whatever you do, you _________________ touch that switch. It’s very dangerous.
You ______________________ buy any meat. There is plenty of it in the fridge.
I don’t mind at all. You ___________ apologize.
CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWERS
“What are you doing this weekend?” “I haven’t decided yet. I ____ go on a picnic with my family.”
	A. may	B. may not	C. must	D. needn’t
Passengers ___ smoke until the signs have been switched off.
	A. mustn’t	B. can’t	C. needn’t	D. mightn’t
We have enough food at home, so we _______ go shopping today.
	A. need to	B. have to	C. needn’t 	D. must
Keep quiet. You _______ talk so loudly in here. Everybody is working.
	A. may	B. must	C. might                                  D. mustn't
I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
	A. must	B. mustn't                    	C. need                                   	D. needn’t
There are a lot of tickets left, so you ___ pay for the tickets in advance.
	A. mustn’t	B. won’t	C. shouldn’t	D. don’t have to
You ___ put anything on the shelves until the glue has set hard.
	A. couldn’t	B. mustn’t	C. don’t have to	D. needn’t
Remember to bring your raincoat. It ____________ rain.
	A. might	B. should	C. can	D. must
We___________ take a bus to the school. It’s too far to walk.
	A. have to 	B. must 	C. may 	D. ought
We _________ stop when traffic lights are red.
	A. must	B. should	C. might	D. Can
PASSIVE VOICE (THỂ BỊ ĐỘNG)
The electric light bulb  by Thomas Edison long time ago. (invent)
The game  by the other team tomorrow. They’re better than we are (win)
Gold  in California in 1848. (discover)
The coffee  by the time you got up this morning. (make)
Candles  for light in the seventeen century.(use)
Maria  a good job by a local advertising company last week. (offer)
The new highway  sometime next month. (complete)
I cannot believe it! My bicycle  some minutes ago. (steal)
The World Cup soccer game  all over the world now. (televise)
The new elementary school  in this village for ten years. (build)
My computer  down yesterday. (break)
A new car  ten days ago. (buy)
Many rooms  next week. (paint)
This book  by my mother before she went away. (write)
Exercises  everyday by students in my class. (do)
The house  for many years. (build)
 next month? (the project / do)
Telephones  years ago. (invent)
When  about the plan? - Two days ago. (you / tell)
Their new house .yet (not finish)
CHANGE INTO THE PASSIVE VOICE
Someone woke me up this morning.
They are going to buy a new car next month.
They built this house 100 years ago.
She cleans the kitchen every day. 
The teacher explained the rule to the student.
Who killed President John Kennedy?
The teacher corrects our exercises. 
She has finished the report at noon.
Jane will buy a new computer. 
How did the police find the lost man?
RELATIVE CLAUSES: WHO, WHOM, WHICH, or WHOSE.
We cannot find the person____________car is blocking our driveway.
Don is a friend with ____________ I stayed in Australia.
The girl ____________showed me the way to your house has a beautiful oval face.
The boy __________ eyes are brown is my son.
Simon is the man ____________ Mary loves.
The painting____________Ms. Wallace bought was very expensive. 
I see some girls ___________ are pretty.
The man ___________ you sent to the general has reported the victory.
The book ___________ I need can’t be found in the library.
Let me see all the letters ___________ you have written.
Many diseases __________ people died years ago are no longer dangerous.
That’s the man __________ house was pulled down.
People _____________ outlook on life is optimistic are usually happy people.
I don't like stories________________ have unhappy endings.
The farmers _________________ we saw were in the field.
Rewrite the following sentences, using the relative pronouns:
I talked to a woman. Her car had broken on the way to the party.
The street is bad and narrow. It leads to the my school.
I’ll introduce you the man .His support is necessary for your project.
Most of the classmates couldn't come. He invited them to the birthday party
What was the name of the man? You met and talked to him this morning.
The church is over 500 years old. Our class visited it last summer.
The song says about the love of two young stdents. She is singing the song.
The girl is very kind. Her parents work with me.
Shakespeare wrote plays . People have enjoyed them for four centuries.
We visited the monument. It was built a hundred years ago.
COMPARISON (SO SÁNH)
A cut is _________________________ (painful) than an insect bite.
The weather this summer is even (bad) __________________________ than last summer.
Apartments are usually _________________________ (cheap) than separate houses.
A tumour is _________________________ (bad) of all diseases.
He was the (clever) _____________________ thief of all.
A man is normally___________________________ (strong) than a woman.
This flower is (beautiful) _____________________ than that one.
This is the (interesting) _______________________ book I have ever read.
Fruit and vegetables are ____________________________ (healthy) than fast food.
Fish is one of ___________________________ (nutritious) food possible.
Non-smokers usually live (long) _____________________ than smokers.
Which is the (dangerous) ___________________ animal in the world?
My brother has a (tidy) _______________room than me.
Australia is (big) _______________than England.
I'm (good) _______________ now than yesterday.
She's got (little) _______________ money than you, but she doesn't care.
He thinks Chinese is (difficult) _______________ language in the world
Valencia played (bad) _______________ than Real Madrid yesterday.
Cats are not (intelligent) _______________ as dogs.
Who is (talkative) _______________ person in your family?
Rewriting
I can't cook as well as my mother.
	My mother	
No one in this class is as tall as Richard.
	Richard	
Your car is more expensive than mine.
	My car	
No lake in the world is larger than Lake Titicaca.
	Lake Titicaca 	
A dictionary is more expensive than an English book. 
	An English book 	
Viet Nam isn’t as large as the USA 
	The USA 	 
My friend cooks better than I. 
	I 	 
My interview lasted longer than yours.
	Your interview	
Your coffee is not as good as mine.
	My coffee 	
She is the most intelligent student in my class.
	No one 	 
REPORTED SPEECH (CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT)
She said: " I can speak English and French,"
	→ She said that 	
"Don’t drink and drive," she warned us. 
	→ She warned us 	 
"Don`t worry about us," they said. 
	→ They told her 	
"Meet me at the cinema." he said. 
	→ He asked me 	
The porter said to me, "I'll wake you up when the train arrives in Leeds”
	The porter 	
"Phone to me for an answer tomorrow” the manager said to the client. 
“ I will phone you when I arrive at the airport tomorrow ”, he said to me
	He 	
"I saw Linda in the supermarket three days ago," said Carlos.
	Carlos 	 
“My mother has just had a baby,” said Mary
	A. Mary said that her mother had just had a baby.	B. Mary said that my mother had just had a baby.
	C. Mary said her mother has just had a baby.	D. Mary said my mother has just had a baby.
"I have found a new flat today ," said Ann. 
	A. Ann told to me that she had found a new flat today .	 
	B. Ann said that she had found a new flat that day.	
	C. Ann said to me that she had found a new flat this day . 
	D. Ann said that she has found a new flat the day before .
"I saw her in the park two hours ago,” said he.
	A. He said I had seen her in the park two hours before. 
	C. He said he saw her in the park two hours before
	B. He said he had seen her in the park two hours before. 
	D. He said I saw her in the park two hours before.
"I'm leaving here for Da Lat next week " said Mrs Lan.
	A. Mrs Lan said she was leaving there for Da Lat the following week.	
	B. Mrs Lan said to me she was leaving there for Da Lat next week.
	C. Mrs Lan tells she is leaving here for Da Lat the following week.	
	D. Mrs Lan told me that I was leaving there for Da Lat the week after .
“ I haven’t received your post since last month, Jane”. The boss said.
	A. The boss said that Jane hadn’t received his post since the previous month.
	B. The boss said Jane that he hadn’t received her post since the previous month.
	C. The boss said to Jane that he hadn’t received her post since the previous month.
	D. The boss said Jane that he hadn’t received his post since the previous month.
Charlie said, "Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured".
	A. He said Tom had an accident the week before but he wasn't injured.
	B. He said Tom had had an accident the previous week but he wasn't injured.
	C. He said Tom had had a accident the previous week but he hadn't been injured.
	D. He said Tom had an accident the following week but he hadn't been injured.
Tony said, "I have never been to London. I think I shall go there next year".
	A. Tony said he has never been to London and he thinks he would go there the following year.
	B. Tony said he had never been to London and he thought he would go there the following year.
	C. Tony said he had never been to London and he thinks he will go there the following year.
	D. Tony said he would have never been to London and he thought he would go there the following year.
Barbara said, "I saw them at my parents' house last year"
	A. Barbara said I had seen them at my parents' house last year.	
	B. Barbara said she saw them at her parents' house the previous year.
	C. Barbara said she had seen them at her parents' house the previous year.	
	D. Barbara said they had seen her at her parents' house the previous year.
Cindy said that “I haven’t seen John since last month.”
	A. Cindy said she hasn’t seen John since the previous month
	B. Cindy said she hadn’t seen John since the previous month	
	C. Cindy said she wasn’t seen John since the previous month
	D. Cindy said she doesn’t see John since the previous month
Charlie said, "I'm thinking of going to live in Canada".
	a. Charlie said that I was thinking of going to live in Canada. 
	b. Charlie said that I am thinking of going to live in Canada.
	c. Charlie said that he was thinking of going to live in Canada. 
	d. Charlie said that he is thinking of going to live in Canada.
Conditional Sentences
If you drove more carefully, you (not, have) so may accidents.
He would get to work on time if he (get) up early.
We wouldn’t mind having children if we (live) in the country.
If I (be) you, I wouldn’t worry about going to university.
If they gave me a job. I (take) ..it
I am very tired tonight. If I (not, be) tired, I (go) to the movie with you.
I don’t have enough time. If I (have) ..enough time, I (go) ..to the park.
It isn’t Saturday. If it (be) Saturday, I (go) to the beach.
The police (arrest) him if they catch him.
If he (read) .in bad light he will ruin his eyes.
Rewriting
He works overtime to get more money because he has to pay father’s debt.
Everything on the earth grows well because the sun always shines.
Peter gets bad marks because he doesn’t prepare his lessons well
He doesn’t apply for the job because he doesn’t have enough qualifications.
My house is guarded by two big dogs, so it isn’t broken into every night
Someone may steal your car because you leave it unlocked.
I can’t find your passport, so I will not telephone you at once.
Because we don’t have more time, I can’t tell you more about it.
The weather isn’t nice, so I can’t take a walk to the park.
 I don’t save enough money, so I can’t buy my favorite book. 
MORE EXERCISES 
PRONUNCIATION
A. environment	B. fertilizer	C. editor	D. scientist
A. reduction	B. pollution	C. solution	D. conclusion
A. diverse	B. Ritual	C. Bridesmaid	D. decisive
A. preservation 	B. enrol	C. preference	D. secondary
A. dependent	B. educate	C. devotion	D. accept
A. digital	B. fingertip	C. identify	D. mobile
A. supply	B. dirty	C. happy	D. energy
A. surprise	B. devise	C. promise	D. realize 
A. affect 	B. ancestor 	C. aware 	D. address
A. technology 	B. search 	C. school 	D. chemical
STRESS
A. fertilizer	B. ecosystem 	C. agriculture	D. environment
A. deplete	B. preserve	C. sewage	D. pollute
A. identify	B. disadvantage	C. technology	D. eliminate
A. introduce	B. understand	C. consider	D. entertain
A. culture	B. diverse	C. fortune	D. altar
A. freedom	B. gender	C. image	D. admire
A. expense	B. educate	C. college	D. income
A. success	B. famous	C. courage	D. office
A. maintain	B. perform	C. prefer	D. offer
A. animal 	B. invention 	C. energy 	D. influence 
VOCABULARY 
Intensive pesticide and fertilizer sprays used in agriculture have resulted in the serious____of water, soil and land.
	A. protection	B. pollution	C. deforestation	D. consumption
_____ is a term that refers to the existence of different kinds of animals and plants which make a balanced environment.
	A. Wildlife	B. Biodiversity	C. Challenge	D. Investigation
The _________ rate of students in high schools is said to increases sharply this year.
	A. equality	B. gender	C. discrimination	D. enrolment
A man who is getting married or about to get married is a ______.
	A. bride	B. bridegroom	C. bridesmaid	D. best man
A______ is a ceremony at which two people are married to each other.
	A. reception	B. banquet	C. wedding	D. proposal
The bride may have one or more ___who keep the bride calm, help her get ready and look after her dress.
	A. bridegrooms 	B. bridesmaids 	C. best men	D. fiancé
Digital lessons are available in a variety of webpages and they are freely ___ and stored in your computers.
	A. uploaded	B. downloaded	C. printed	D. distracted
Her parents were delighted that their daughter was engaged ____such a nice young man.
	A. with	B. for	C. to 	D. at
Global warming has accelerated and had a ____ effect worldwide.
	A. negative	B. good 	C. drawback 	D. positive 
Unfortunately, her illness was _____ we thought
	A. the seriousest	B. the most serious	C. more serious than	D. seriouser than
The bride and groom are surely the ______ people on their wedding day.
	A. happy	B. happier	C. happily	D. happiest
I believe gender _______ in education starts at home
	A. discriminative	B. discrimination	C. discriminator 	D. discriminate 
There is a wedding ________ for all guest after the wedding ceremony
	A. honeymoon	B. engagement 	C. expense	D. reception
Soil pollution is a result of dumping plastic or other inorganic waste in the ground and the overuse of chemical ____________ in agriculture
	A. fertility	B. fertilize	C. fertilizers	D. detergent
Mass tourism has contributed to the _____of the environment.
	A. destroy	B. destroying	 C. destruction	D. destroyment
Like children elsewhere, children in the USA have greatly benefited ________ modern technology.
	A. in	B. from	C. since	D. for
Costa Rica is one of the world’s best _______destinations.
	A. ecotourisms	B. eco tour	C. ecotourist	D. ecotourism
CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined words/phrases. 
The environmental habital of some rare animals is being threatened. 
	A. aware	B. endangered	C. dangerous	D. share
Many species of fauna and flora in this national park is being in danger. 
	A. sauna	B. coral	C. animals	D. coastal
In Vietnam, people often choose a favorable day for their important occasions.
	A. beautiful	B. suitable	C. acceptable	D. fair weathered
After the wedding ceremony, there is usually a reception for the guests. 
	A. proposal ceremony	B. engagement ceremony 	C. formal party 	D. festival
Nam: By the way, what does “environmental impact” mean, Dad?
	A. conservation	B. negative influence	C. depletion	D. positive effect
It was quite relaxing to spend a week on a camping trip with friends in the open air.
	A. unwind 	B. stressed 	C.tense 	D.nervous	
GRAMMAR
The doctor ____________ him to take more exercise.
	A. have told	B. tell	C. are telling	D. told
The editor asked Nam ____________ some practical advice on the preservation of the environment.
	A. writing	B. written	C. to write	D. write
The economic conditions today are __________ than they were in the past.
	A. much more good 	B. far better 	C. more better	D. the best
This tablet is more modern, but it costs________ the other one.
	A. as twice much as 	B. twice as much as	C. two times much as 	D. two times as more than
She reminded me to come on time for the party ________. 
	A. tomorrow evening	B. in two days’ time	C. the day after tomorrow	D. next weekend
Can you imagine what____________ if the air ____________ polluted entirely?
	A. will happen / is	B. would happen / were	C. had happen / had been	D. happened / will be
Do you know the man________ lives in the house opposite mine?
	A. who	B. what	C. which	D. when
All forms of discrimination against all women and girls ________immediately everywhere.
	A. must be taken away 	B. must be ended 	C. must be allowed 	D. must be followed
All smartphones________storage hardware is big can store downloaded audio books.
	A. which	B. who	C. whose	D. that
 Last week, he told us that we ______ a picnic at the end of the week on Friday.
	A. can have	B. did have	C. would have	D. had had	
Would you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?
	A. stolen	B. have stolen	C. were to steal	D. steal
All the homework_____________ at home. 
	A. should done 	B. should do 	C. should be doing 	D. should be done 
Jim is five centimeters _____ than Tom. 	
	A. higher 	B. tall 	C. tallest 	D. taller 
Mr. John, _________ has won the championship, is my uncle.
	A. who	B. whom	C. that	D. a and c
The man ______ wallet I found gave me a reward. 
	A. whom	B. who	C. whose 	D. which
Charlie said, "My father is in hospital".
	a. Charlie said that my father is in hospital. 	b. Charlie said that his father was in hospital.
	c. Charlie said that his father is in hospital. 	d. Charlie said that my father was in hospital.
Charlie said, "I haven't seen Bill for a while".
	a. He said that he hadn't seen Bill for a while.	b. He said that I haven't seen Bill for a while.
	c. He said that he hasn't seen Bill for a while.	d. He said that I hadn't seen Bill for a while.
Charlie said, "I don’t know what Fred is doing".
	a. He said that he doesn’t know what Fred is doing.	b. He said that he didn’t know what Fred is doing.
	c. He said that he didn’t know what Fred was doing.	d. He said that he doesn’t know what Fred was doing. 
Charlie said, "I've been playing tennis a lot recently"
	a. Charlie said that I've been playing tennis recently.	
	b. Charlie said that he had been playing tennis recently.
	c. Charlie said that he had bee playing tennis recently. 
	d. Charlie said that I had been playing tennis recently
Charlie said, "Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow”
	a. He said that Nora and Jim are getting married tomorrow
	b. He said that Nora and Jim were getting married the next day.
	c. He said that Nora and Jim were getting married tomorrow.
	d. He said that Nora and Jim are getting married the next day.
WORD FORM 
The coastal areas have been severely _________by the disposals of harmful chemical rubbish. (POLLUTE)
A large international meeting was held with the aim of promoting _____________ development in all countries. (SUSTAIN) 
Evolution occurs as a result of _________________ to new environments. (ADAPT)
_______________is the business of organizing holidays to places that people do not usually visit in a way which does not damage the environment. (TOURISM)
The destruction of the rain forests is an _____________ disaster. (ECOLOGY)
Pike claimed they had ________________ against him because of his nationality. (DISCRIMINATION) 
She was aware of gender ___________________ in favour of men in her company. (PREFER) 
These old envelops are _________________so we can save money (USE )
The ___________________loss of land is the result of severve deforestation ( MASS )
It is advised that ____________________ must be responsible for their action during the trip ( TOUR)
In some countries, it is believed that black cats bring ___________ to the people who happen to meet them. (FORTUNE)
Voice _____________ is the app which helps some types of smartphone attracts customers (RECOGNIZE)
I’m looking for some new _____________ to put on my smartphone to improve my pronunciation. (apply)
Scientists are able to explain the consequences of the habitat _____________ now. (destruct)
The consumption of fossil fuels has ______________ increased in many countries which is concern for many environmentalists. (gradual)
REWRITING
I don’t have enough money. I can’t go on a long holiday this year. (IF)
	→ 	
John said “I’ve finished studying my lessons” (REPORTED SPEECH)
	John said	
She can’t speak English, so she won’t apply for the job. (IF)
	→ If 	
A woman opened the door. She was wearing a yellow dress. (RELATIVE CLAUSE)
	→ A woman 	
No one speaks English better than Tom. (COMPARISON)
	→ Tom 	
I think coffee is better than other drinks. (COMPARISON)
	→ I think coffee is 	
I read the letters. They came in the morning post. (RELATIVE CLAUSE)
	→ I 	
This is Mrs. Jones. Her son won the championship last year. (RELATIVE CLAUSE)
	→ This 	
"I was very tired," she said. ” (REPORTED SPEECH)
	→ She said 	
I have one black cat. His name is Blacky. (RELATIVE CLAUSE)
	→ I 	
He could repair the broken vase. (PASSIVE VOICE)
→ The 	
Nam is more intelligent than Tom. (COMPARISON)
	→ Tom is not 	
Isabel: “You can’t borrow my pen, Robert”. ” (REPORTED SPEECH)
→ Isabel	
The dress is cheaper than the skirt. (COMPARISON)
	→ The skirt 	
The students must clean the classroom everyday. (PASSIVE VOICE)
	→ The classroom 	
Volleyball is not as exciting as football. (COMPARISON)
→ Football is 	
You should water the flowers in the morning. (PASSIVE VOICE)
	→ The flowers 	
Nobody else in the class is fatter than Mary. (COMPARISON)
	→ Mary is the 	
I met a girl in the library. I’ve told you about this girl. (RELATIVE CLAUSE)
	→ The flowers 	
Driving a car is more difficult than a motorbike. (COMPARISON)
	→ Driving a motorbike isn’t 	 
GAP-FILLING
 Do you avoid walking under ladders ? Do black cats make you (23) ______ ? Some people care very superstitous. They carry a lucky charm such as a rabbit’s foot everywhere they go. Why is (24) _____ rabbit lucky? Because it’s born with its eyes open, of course! Where do superstitions come from? Long ago, people didn’t have the scientific knowledge we do today. To reduce their fear about unexplainable events, people came up with rituals. They passed their (25) ______ down from generation to generation. Some superstitions are timeless. Floors in buildings still go from the 12th to the 14th floor, even though nobody can agree (26) ______ the number 13 is unlucky.
 Superstitous people think they can turn bad luck away. They “knock on wood” to avoid jinxing themselves. For example, if you say “I’ve never broken a limb” you should immediately search for a table to knock on to avoid a (27) ______ of luck. You may break your leg tomorrow if you don’t.
A. nerve	B. nervous	C. nervously	D. nervousness
A. the	B. an	C. a	D. f
A. beliefs	B. thoughts	C. ideas	D. ways
A. when	B. how	C. what	D. why	
A. reverse	B. reversal	C. reversing	D. reversed