Chuyên đề Tiếng Anh 9: Thì kết hợp thì

CHAPTER 4 : TENSES (THE SEQUENCE OF TENSES)
CƠ SỞ LÝ THUYẾT
Các thì cơ bản
 Thì
Dạng
SIMPLE PRESENT
(Hiện tại đơn)
SIMPLE PAST
(Quá khứ đơn)
Khẳng định
S + V[-s/es]
S + V-ed/V cột 2
Phủ định
S + don’t / doesn’t + V1
S + didn’t + V1
Nghi vấn
Do / Does + S + V1 ?
Did + S + V1 ?
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- always, usually, occasionally, often, 
- every:every day, every year, every Sunday
- once a day , twice, 3 times
- yesterday
- last + time: last week, last Sunday
- time+ ago : two months ago, five years ago
- in the past, in + year (past): in 1990, 
 Thì
Dạng
PRESENT CONTINUOUS
(Hiện tại tiếp diễn)
PAST CONTINUOUS
(Quá khứ tiếp diễn)
Khẳng định
S + am / is / are + V-ing
S + was / were + V-ing
Phủ định
S + am not / isn’t / aren’t + V-ing
S + wasn’t / weren’t + V-ing
Nghi vấn
Am / Is / Are + S + V-ing ?
Was / Were + S + V-ing ?
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- now, at present
- at the moment
- Sau câu mệnh lệnh :
 Vd: Keep silent! The baby is sleeping.
 Look! He is running.
- At that moment
- When / As + S + (simple past), S + was/ were V-ing
 Vd: When I came, she was crying.
- While : 
 Vd: A dog crossed the road while I was driving.
 Thì
Dạng
PRESENT PERFECT
(Hiện tại hoàn thành)
PAST PERFECT
(Quá khứ hoàn thành)
Khẳng định
S + has / have + V-ed/V cột 3
S + had + V-ed/V cột 3
Phủ định
S + hasn’t / haven’t + V-ed/ V cột 3
S + hadn’t + V-ed/ V cột 3
Nghi vấn
Has / Have + S + V-ed/ V cột 3 ?
Had + S + V-ed/ V cột 3?
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- just, already, ever, yet, recently, lately,..
- since, for : since 1995, for 9 years
- so far, up to now , It is the first time..
- after + S + had V3/ED , (simple past)
- before + (simple past), S + had V3/ED
- By the time + S + V(simple past) , S + had V3/ED: cho đến lúc........
 Thì
Dạng
SIMPLE FUTURE
(Tương lai đơn)
FUTURE PERFECT
(Tương lai hoàn thành)
Khẳng định
S + will + V 1
S + will have+ V-ed/ V cột 3
Phủ định
S + won’t + V 1
S + won’t have + V-ed/ V cột 3
Nghi vấn
Will + S + V 1?
Will + S + have + V-ed/ V cột 3?
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- tomorrow
- next + time : next week, next Monday,.
- in the future
- by the end of this month
- by the time+S+ V (simple present), S + will have V3/ED 
 Thì
Dạng
NEAR FUTURE
(Tương lai gần)
FUTURE CONTINUOUS
(Tương lai tiếp diễn)
Khẳng định
S + am/is/are going to + V 1
S + will be + ving
Dấu hiệu nhận biết
- Diễn tả 1 kế hoạch, dự định.
- Diễn tả 1 dự đoán có căn cứ
- Diển tả 1 sự việc đang xảy ra ở tương lai. 
Sự phối hợp về thì
Một số cách hòa hợp thì giữa mệnh đề chính và mệnh đề thời gian
Main clause
(Mệnh đề chính)
Adverbial clause of time
(Mệnh đề trạng ngữ chỉ thời gian)
Hiện tại
Hiện tại
Quá khứ
Quá khứ
Tương lai 
Hiện tại
TLĐ + until / when / as soon as + HTĐ 
I will wait here until she comes back.
 TLĐ + after + HTHT 
He will go home after he has finished his work.
TLHT + by / by the time / before + HTĐ 
He will have left by the time you arrive
 while / when / as + QKTD, QKĐ 
While I was going to school, I met my friend.
 QKĐ + while / when / as + QKTD 
It started to rain while the boys were playing football.
 QKTD + while + QKTD 
Last night, I was doing my homework while my sister was playing games.
 HTHT + since + QKĐ 
I have worked here since I graduated
8. QKĐ + since then + HTHT 
I graduated in 2002 since then I worked here.
9. QKHT + by / by the time / before + QKĐ 
He had left by the time I came.
10. Before + QKĐ + QKHT 
Before she had dinner, she had written letter
11. After + QKHT, QKĐ 
After I had finished my homework, I went to bed.
12. QKĐ + after + QKHT 
I went to bed after I had finished my work.
Đổi thì quá khứ đơn sang hiện tại hoàn thành
	a. S + last + QKĐ .+ thời gian + ago.
=>S + HTHT (phủ định) .+ for + thời gian
=>It’s / It has been + thời gian + since + S + last + QKĐ..
=>The last time + S + QKĐ. + was + thời gian + ago.
	b. This is the first time + S + HTHT khẳng định.
=>S + have/ has never V3/ed ..+ before
c. S + began / started + V-ing + --- 
=> S + have / has + V3/-ed + for / since ---
BÀI TẬP ÁP DỤNG
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer.
The phone________ constantly since Jack won the first prize this morning.
	a. has been ringing	b. rang	c. had rung	d. had been ringing
The earth________ on the sun for its heat and light.
	a. is depend	b. depending	c. has depend	d. depends
I don't feel good. I ________ home from work tomorrow.
 	a. am staying 	b. stay	c. will have stayed	d. stayed
In the last two decades, space exploration___great contributions to weather forecasting.
	a. is making	b. has made	c. made	d. makes
On July 20, 1969, Neil Armstrong ________ down onto the moon, the first person ever set foot on another planet.
	a. was stepping	b. stepped	c. has stepped	d. was step
The wedding party________ at the Rex Hotel.
	a. is	b. is being	c. will be	d. is going to be
How many languages_____ John speak?
	a. do	b. does	c. did	d. will
Hurry! The train________ I don't want to miss it.
	a. comes	b. is coming	c. came	d. has come
Angelina Jolie is a famous actress. She ________ in several film.
	a. appears	b. is appearing	c. appeared	d. has appeared
I saw Maggie at the party. She ________ in several film.
	a. wears	b. wore	c. was wearing	d. has worn
What time________ the next train leave?
	a. does	b. will	c. shall	d. would
Monica________ with her sister at the moment until she finds a flat.
	a. stays	b. is staying	c. will stay	d. is going to stay
After I________ lunch, I looked for my bag.
	a. had	b. had had	c. have has	d. have had
By the end of next year, George________ English for 2 years.
	a. will have learned	b. will learn	c. has leaned	d. would learn
The man got out of the car,_______ round to the back and opened the boot.
	a. walking	b. walked	c. walks	d. walk
For several years his ambition ________ to be a pilot.
	a. is	b. has been	c. was	d. had been
Henry________ into the restaurant when the writer was having dinner.
	a. was going	b. went	c. has gone	d. did go
He will take the dog out for a walk as soon as he ________ dinner.
	a. finish	b. finishes	c. will finish	d. shall have finished
Before you asked, the letter________
	a. was written	b. had been written	c. had written	d. has been written
She ________ English at RMIT these days.
	a. studies	b. is studying	c. will study	d. is gong to study
She's at her best when she________ big decisions.
	a. is making	b. makes	c. had made	d. will make
We________ next vacation in London.
	a. spend	b. are spending	c. will spend	d. are going to spend
Robert________ tomorrow morning on the 10:30 train.
	a. arrived	b. is arriving	c. has arrived	d. would arrive
Look! The bus________
	a. left	b. has left	c. leaves	d. is leaving
Mike________ one hour ago.
	a. phoned	b. was phoning	c. had phoned	d. has phoned
I shall be glad when he________
	a. had gone	b. did go	c. went	d. had gone
Ask her to come ad see me when she ________ her work.
	a. finish	b. has finished	c. finished	d. finishing
After you finish your work, you________ a break.
	a. should take	b. have taken	c. might have taken	d. takes
Oil________ if you pour it on water
	a. floated	b. floats	c. will be floated	d. float
When he returned home, he found the door________.
	a. unlocking	b. unlocked	c. to be unlocked	d. have unlocked
That dancing club________ north of the city
	a. lays	b. lies	c. locates	d. lain
Almost everyone________ for home by the time we arrived.
	a. leave	b. left	c. leaves	d. had left
By the age of 25, he ________ two famous novels.
	a. wrote	b. writes	c. has written	d. had written
While her husband was in the army, Janet________ to him twice a week.
	a. was writing	b. wrote	c. was written	d. had written
I couldn't cut the grass because the machine_______ a few days previously.
	a. broken down	b. has been broken 	c. had broke down 	d. breaks down
We ________English this time last week.
	a. learned	b. were learning	c. have learned	d. had learned
Is it raining? - No, it isn't but the ground is wet. It________
	a. rained	b. had rained	c. has rained	d. has been raining
Her family________ to America before 1975.
	a. went	b. have gone	c. had gone	d. would go
When I arrived at the party, Martha________ home already.
	a. went	b. have gone	c. had gone	d. would go
Henry________ for 10 years when he finally gave it up.
	a. has smoked	b. has been smokingc. had smoked	d. had been smoking'
Yesterday morning I got up and looked out of the window. The sun was shinning but the ground was very wet. It________
	a. rained	b. has been rainingc. had rained 	d. had been raining
We ________ our examination next month.
	a. have	b. shall have	c. will have had	d. will be having
Look that those black clouds! It________
	a. is going to rain	b. will rain	c. would rain	d. can rain
We________ English this time next Monday.
	a. learn	b. will learn	c. are learning	d. will be learning
We________ this course before the final examination.
	a. are going to finish	b. have finished	c. will finish	d. will have finished
I________ "Chicken soup for the soul" but I haven’t finished it yet.
	a. read	b. am reading	c. have been reading	d. was reading
Alan took a photograph of Sandra while she________
	a. didn't look	b. wasn't looking	c. hasn't looked	d.. hadn't looked
I ________ my key. Can you help me look for it?
	a. lose	b. lost	c. had lost	d. have lost
Last night Tine________ in bed when suddenly she heard a scream.
	a. read	b. was reading	c. had read	d. had read
We________ a part next week. Would you like to come?
	a. have	b. will have	c. are having	d. will have had
The Red River________ very fast today-much faster than yesterday.
	a. flows	b. is flowing	c. will flow	d. is going to flow
While mother________ dinner the phone rang.
	a. cooked	b. had cooked	c. has cooked	d. was cooking
Fish________ on earth for ages and ages.
	a. existed	b. are existing	c. exist	d. have existed
When boarding the plane, many passengers were annoyed because they ________ waiting in the airport for three ad a half hours.
	a. are	b. were	c. have been	d. had been
If coastal erosion continues to take place at the present rate, in another fifty years this beach________ any more.
	a. doesn't exist	b. isn't going to exits 	c. isn't existing 	d. won't be existing
Their football team________ a championship until last season.
	a. had never won	b. is never winning	
	c. had never been winning	d. had never won
By the end of this year, Tom ________English for three years.
	a. will be studying	b. has studied	c. will have studied	d. has been studying
In one year's time, I________ in this school for 15 years.
	a. will be working	b. will work	c. will have studied	d. has been studying'
They ________ this course by next June.
	a. have finished	b. will finish	c. are going to finish	d. will have finished
She will go abroad as soon as she________ this English course.
	a. has completed	b. will complete	c. will have completed	 d. completed
The child________ before the doctor arrived.
	a. died	b. had died	c. has died	d. was dying
We cleaned up the room as soon as the guests________
	a. had left	b. has left	c. left	d. were leaving
The secretary________ the report by 10:00 yesterday.
	a. hasn't finished	b. hasn't finished	c. didn't finish	d. would finish
Jane's eyes are red. She________
	a. cried	b. has cried	c. has been crying	d. had cried
This room is dirty. Someone________ in here.
	a. smoked	b. has smoked	c. had been smoking 	d. has been smoking
Arsenal________ next Monday.
	a. wins	b. will win	c. would win	d. is winning
it________ rain tomorrow.
	a. rains	b. will rain	c. is going to rain	d. is raining
I'll come and see you before I ________ for America.
	a. leave	b. will leave	c. have left	d. shall leave
The little girl asked what________ to her friend.
	a. has happened	b. happened	
	c. had happened 	d. would have been happened
John________ a book when I saw him.
	a. is reading	b. read	c. was reading	d. reading
He said he________ return later.
	a. will	b. would	c. can	d. would be'
Jack________ he door.
	a. has just opened	b. open	c. will have opened	d. opening
I have been waiting for you________
	a. since early morning	b. since 9 a.m	
	c. for two hours	d. all are correct
My sister________ for you since yesterday.
	a. is looking	b. was looking	c. has been looking	d. looked
Jack________ the door.
	a. has just painted	b. paint	c. will have painted	d. painting
The train________ half an hour ago.
	a. has been leaving	b. left	c. has left	d. had left
We________ Doris since last Sunday.
	a. don't see	b. haven't seen	c. didn't see	d. hadn't seen
When I last saw him, he________ in London.
	a. has lived	b. is living	c. was living	d. has been living
She is tired now. She________ for a long time.
	a. has been learning b. has learned	c. learns	d. learned
They will have gone home before you________ to meet them.
	a. came	b. come	c. will come	d. are coming
	Rewrite each of the following sentences with the given words in such a way that it means 
the same as the sentence printed above it.
This is the first time he went abroad.
=> He hasn't...
She started driving 1 month ago.
=> She has...
We began eating when it started to rain.
=> We have.
I last had my hair cut when I left her.
=> I haven't.
It is a long time since we last met.
=> We haven't...
When did you have it ?
=> How long ...?
This is the first time I had such a delicious meal .
=> I haven't.
I haven't seen him for 8 days.
=> The last..
I haven't taken a bath since Monday.
=> It is....
Samuel started keeping a diary in 1997
=>Samuel has
We started learning English fìve years ago.
=>We have .
I began living in Ho Chi Minh City when I was 8.
=>I have
She has taught the children in this remote village for five months
=>She started ...
He has written to me since April.
=>The last time
She hasn’t had a swim for five years
=>She last ...
They last talked to each other two months ag
=>They haven’t ...
The last time she saw her elder sister was in 1999
=>She hasn’t .....
She hasn’t written to me for years
=>It’s years.
Robert and Catherine have been married for ten years
=>It’s ten years ...
We have not jogged since August. 
=>The.......................