Chuyên đề ôn thi THPT Quốc gia tổng hợp môn Tiếng Anh - Đỗ Bình

CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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I. SOUNDS IDENTIFICATION: PHÁT ÂM PHẦN GẠCH DƯỚI 
A. SCORE-RATE: 2 items = 0.4 point 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. International phonetics symbols (44IPS Bảng phiờn õm quốc tế): 
TT Nguyờn õm đơn Nguyờn õm đụi Phụ õm vụ thanh Phụ õm hữu thanh 
1. / i / / ei / / p / / b / 
2. / i: / / ai / / f / / v / 
3. / e / / ɔi / /  / /  / 
4. / ổ / / aʊ / / t / / d / 
5. / ɔ / / әʊ / / s / / z / 
6. / ɔ: / / iә / / ʃ / / ʒ / 
7. /  / / eә / / t∫ / / dʒ / 
8. / ɑ: / / ʊә / / k / / g / 
9. / ʊ / / jʊ / / h / / l / 
10. / u: / / m / 
11. / ә / / n / 
12. / з: / / ŋ / 
13. / r / 
14. / w / 
15. / j / 
2. High frequent tested sounds (Một số nhúm õm thường được kiểm tra): 
a. Tổ hợp cỏc chữ cỏi tận cựng “ed”: 
- Phỏt õm là /id/ nếu liền trước cỏc tổ hợp chữ cỏi này là cỏc phụ õm /t/ và /d/. 
Vớ dụ: started /’sta:tid/; acted /’ổktid/; lasted/’la:stid/; listed/’listid/; painted 
/’peintid/;decided/di’saidid/; provided/prә’vaidid/; landed /’lổndid/; added /’ổdid/ 
Ngoài ra cũn cú cỏc từ bất qui tắc cụ thể gồm: sacred /’seikrid/; hatred/’heitrid/; 
 crooked/’krukid/; beloved/bi’lvid/; wicked/’wikid/; naked/’neikid/ 
- Phỏt õm là /t/ nếu liền trước cỏc tổ hợp chữ cỏi này là cỏc phụ õm /k, f, s, ʃ, tʃ, p/. 
Vớ dụ: cooked/’kukt/; laughed/’la:ft/; glanced/’glổnst/; washed/’woʃt/; watched /’wotʃt/; 
stopped/’stopt/ 
- Cỏc trường hợp cũn lại phỏt õm là /d/. 
Vớ dụ: earned/’з:nd/; played/’pleid/; employed/im’ploid/; died/’daid/; moved/’muvd/ 
b. Tổ hợp cỏc chữ cỏi tận cựng “s”: 
- Phỏt õm là /s/ nếu liền trước của chỳng là cỏc õm /p,k,t,f,/. 
Vớ dụ: caps/’kổps/; peaks/’pi:ks/; laughs/’la:fs/; tenths/’tens/ 
- Phỏt õm là /z/ đối với cỏc trường hợp cũn lại. 
Vớ dụ: hands/’hổndz/; ears/’i:rz/; boys/’boiz/; apples/’ổplz/ 
c. Cỏc cặp nguyờn õm đơn: 
Vớ dụ: /i/ vs. /i:/; /e/ vs. /ổ/; /ɔ/ vs. /ɔ:/; // vs. /a:/; /ʊ/ vs. /u:/; /ә/ vs. /з:/ 
d. Cỏc nguyờn õm và phụ õm khỏc. 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the 
others of the same group. (Exercise 01. 20 questions) 
II. STRESS MARKING: TRỌNG ÂM CỦA TỪ 
A. SCORE-RATE: 2 items = 0.4 point 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. For di-syllable words: Đối với cỏc từ cú 2 õm tiết. 
- Trọng õm chớnh của cỏc từ cú hai õm tiết thường rơi vào õm tiết thứ 2 đối với cỏc động từ (trừ 
trường hợp cỏc õm tiết thứ 2 đú cú chứa nguyờn õm /ә/, /i/, hoặc /әʊ/), và rơi vào õm tiết thứ nhất 
đối với cỏc từ loại cũn lại (trừ trường hợp õm tiết thứ nhất đú cú chứa nguyờn õm đơn /ә/). 
1. appeal (v) /ә’pi:l/ brother (n) /’brә/ ancient /’einsәnt/ 
2. appear (v) /ә’pir/ color (n) /’k lә/ annual /’ổnjʊәl/ 
3. approach (v) /ә’prɔ:tʃ / dhoti (n) /’hәʊti/ concave /’kɔnkeiv/ 
- Đối với những từ cú mang tiền tố, hậu tố, trọng õm chớnh của từ đú thường rơi vào õm tiết gốc. 
1. become / bi’km / quickly / ’kwikli / threaten / ’θretәn / 
CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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2. react / ri’ổkt / builder / ’bildә / failure / ’feiljʊә / 
3. foretell / fɔ’tel / lately / ’leitli / daily / ’deili / 
2. For words with more than two syllables: Đối với cỏc từ cú hơn 2 õm tiết 
- Đối với cỏc từ cú hơn hai õm tiết, trọng õm chớnh thường rơi vào õm tiết thứ ba kể từ õm tiết cuối. 
1. family /’fổmili/ philosopher /fi’lɔ:sɔfә/ biology /bai’ɔ:lɔdʒi / 
2. cinema /’sinәmә / character /’kổriktә/ democracy /di’mɔ:krәsi/ 
3. regular /’regjʊlә / interest /’intәrist/ satisfy /’sổtisfai / 
- Đối với cỏc từ cú tận cựng như “ian”, “ic”, “ience”, “ient”, “al”, “ial”, “ual”, “eous”, “ious”, “iar”, “ion”, 
trọng õm chớnh thường rơi vào õm tiết liền trước của cỏc tận cựng này – thứ 2 kể từ õm tiết cuối. 
ian physician / fi’ziksәn / ual habitual 
ic athletic / eθ’letik / eous courageous 
ience experience / iks’priәns / ious delicious 
ient expedient / iks’pediәnt / ion decision 
al parental / pә’rentәl / iar familiar 
ial essential / i’senʃәl/ 
- Đối với cỏc từ cú tận cựng “ese”, “ee’, “eer”, “ier”, “ette”, “oo”, “esque”, trọng õm chớnh thường rơi vào 
chớnh cỏc õm tiết chứa cỏc tận cựng này. 
ee refugee / refjʊ’dʒi: / esque bamboo 
eer volunteer / vɔln’tiә / oo kangaroo 
ese Portuguese / pɔtjʊ’gi:s / oon saloon 
ette ushrette / ʃ’ret / 
- Đối với cỏc từ cú tận cựng là “ate”, “fy”, “ity”, “ize”, trọng õm chớnh thường rơi vào õm tiết thứ ba kể 
từ õm tiết cuối. 
ate dedicate / ’dedikeit/ ize recognize 
fy classify / ’kla:sifai / ety society 
ity ability / ә’bi:liti / 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Find the word whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same 
group. (Exercise 02. 20 questions) 
III&IV SYNONYMS & ANTONYMS: Đễ̀NG NGHĨA & TRÁI NGHĨA 
A. SCORE-RATE: 2 items/ each = 0.4 point/ each (4 items in total = 0.8 point) 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. Pay greater attention to the affixation: (Chú ý đặc biợ̀t tới các hiợ̀n tương thờm phụ tố của từ phái 
sinh) 
Basic Prefixes Meaning Basic Suffixes Meaning 
il--; in--; im--; ir--; un-- Negative meaning --er; --or; --ist; --ant Doers 
mis--; dis--; mal-- Wrong doing --ion; --ce; --ment Events; actions 
re--; pre--; post-- Sequences --ing; --hood; --ness Feelings; emotions 
under--; over-- Degrees --ship; --al; --ety Interactions 
mono--; di--; tri-- Times; quantity --ive; -ous; --ed; --ly Quality; manner 
2. Some collocations of idioms are of great help: (Buục phải ghi nhớ các cụm ngữ cố định – thành 
ngữ) 
Basic Idioms Meaning Basic Idioms Meaning 
Dogs and cats Heavily Lift a finger Give help 
Shake like a leaf Too Frightened Give a hand Help 
Home and dry Safe Burst into tears Cry in pain 
Make ends meet Enough to use Castle in the air Unstable 
Flying color Excellent At first hand Right away 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) 
CLOSEST/OPPOSITE in meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. (Exercise 
03. 20 questions/ Exercise 04. 20 questions) 
CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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V. ERROR IDENTIFICATION: TèM LỖI SAI 
A. SCORE-RATE: 3 items = 0.6 point 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. Tenses and concordance: 
- Pay attention to tenses. 
- Have a closer look at the sequences of tenses and words, especially with conjunctions of “and/ but” 
2. Word orders and numbers: 
3. Word usages and collocations: 
4. Principles of logic, the uses of functional words: 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined 
part that needs correction in each of the following questions. (Exercise 05. 20 questions) 
VI. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION: CÂU Đễ̀NG NGHĨA 
A. SCORE-RATE: 3 items = 0.6 point 
B. RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. Tense sentence transformation: Chuyển đổi cõu qua chuyển đổi thỡ của động từ: 
e.g. a. We started working here three years ago. → We have worked here for three years. 
b. This is the first time I have been on a plane. → I have never been on a plane before. 
c. That’s strange! My pen isn’t here! → That’s strange! My pen has disappeared! 
d. Nicky and Jan aren’t at this school any more. → Nicky and Jan have left this school. 
2. Transformations using comparisons: Chuyển đổi cõu sử dụng cỏc hỡnh thức so sỏnh. 
e.g. a. She is taller than I am. → I am not as tall as she is. 
 b. He worked harder than his friends. → His friends did not work as hard as he did. 
 c. This is the best film I have ever seen.→ I have never seen a better film than this one. 
 d. She is the most kind-hearted woman among the ones you met. 
 → No one among those you met is as kind-hearted as her. 
3. Transformations using inversions: Chuyển đổi cõu sử dụng cỏc hỡnh thức đảo ngữ. 
e.g. a. She can hardly understand what the teacher is saying. 
 → Hardly can she understand what the teacher is saying. 
 b. Although he worked hard, he couldn’t feed the family. 
 → Hard as he worked, he couldn’t feed the family. 
 c. They could not find the man anywhere. → Nowhere could they find the man. 
 d. She rarely eats out. → Rarely does she eat out. 
4. Transformations using the passive voice: Chuyển đổi cõu sử dụng cõu bị động. 
e.g. a. She can make a decision soon. → A decision can be made soon by her. 
 b. Their car was stolen long ago. → Someone stole their car long ago. 
 c. They will build a new school here. → A new school will be built here. 
5. Transformations using the indirect speech: Chuyển đổi cõu sử dụng cõu giỏn tiếp. 
e.g. a. “Go out, boys!” said the mother. → The mother told her sons to go out. 
 b. “Would you like a cigar, Peter?” said Mike.→ Mike invited Peter a cigar. 
 c. “Do you live here?” said the stranger. → The stranger asked if I lived there. 
 d. The man said, “what do you do for a living, Nam?” 
 → The man wanted to know what Nam did for a living. 
6. Transformations using conditional sentences: Chuyển đổi cõu sử dụng cõu điều kiện. 
e.g. a. If you don’t study hard, you will fail the final exam. 
 → Unless you study hard, you will fail the final exam. 
 b. The test was too difficult for him to do well. 
→ He could do well if the test were not difficult. 
 c. He isn’t here to help me. → If he were here, he could help me. 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence 
that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions. (Exercise 06. 20 questions) 
CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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VII. SENTENCES MINGLING: TRệ̃N CÂU PHỨC 
A. SCORE-RATE: 2 items = 0.4 point 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. Purpose: Mục đích 
a. Infinitives: He came early. He wanted to get a good seat. 
→ He came early to get a good seat. 
She went to the U.S. to further her study. She wished she could find a good job. 
→ In order to get a good job, she went to the U.S. to further her study. 
 John didn’t want to be recognized. Therefore, he wore sunglasses. 
 → John wore sunglasses so as not to be recognized. 
b. Clause of “so that”: Ann tried our best. She wanted to get a seat at a top university. 
 → Ann tried our best so that she could get a seat at a top university. 
2. Reason: Nguye n nha n, lí do 
a. Phrases: The weather was bad. That’s why they put off their hiking trip. 
 → They put off their hiking trip because of the bad weather. 
 Her parents disapproved of her going out at night. That’s why she went to bed early. 
 → Owing to her parents’ disapproval of her going out at night, she went to bed early. 
New farming technique was applied. As a result, we got good crops. 
→ We got good crops thanks to the new farming technique. 
He was so careless. Consequently, he was badly-injured. 
→ Due to his carelessness, he was badly-injured. 
b. Clauses: Her parents disapproved of her going out at night. That’s why she went to bed early. 
 → As her parents disapproved of her going out at night, she went to bed early. 
New farming techniques were applied. As a result, we got good crops. 
→ We got good crops because new farming techniques were applied. 
He was so careless. Consequently, he was badly-injured. 
→ Since he was so careless, he was badly-injured. 
3. Causes & Effects: Nguyờn nha n dãn đén két quả 
a. Phrases: The test was difficult. They couldn’t do that test well. 
→ The test was too difficult for them to do well. 
→ The test was not easy enough for them to do well. 
b. Clauses: The test was difficult. They couldn’t do that test well. 
 → It was so difficult the test that they couldn’t do it well. 
 → It was such a difficult test that they couldn’t do it well. 
 → The test was so difficult that they couldn’t do it well. 
 → So difficult was the test that they couldn’t do it well. 
 → Such a difficult test was it that they couldn’t do it well. 
4. Relative clauses: Me ̣nh đè quan he ̣ 
Mr. Ba is living next door. He teaches me English. 
→ Mr. Ba, who teaches me English, is living next door. 
 The robber escaped in a stolen car. They were then arrested by the patrol. 
 → The robber arrested by the patrol escaped in a stolen car. 
 The man teaches us Biology. The man lives upstairs. 
→ The man living upstairs teaches us Biology. 
5. Concession: Me ̣n đè nhượng bo ̣ 
a. Phrases: It rained heavily. Luckily, we arrived on time 
 → Despite the heavy rain, we arrived on time. 
 He was very lazy. Surprisingly, he passed the exam with high scores. 
 → He passed the exam with high scores in spite of his laziness. 
b. Clauses: It rained heavily. Luckily, we arrived on time 
 → Although it rained heavily, we arrived on time. 
 He was very lazy. Surprisingly, he passed the exam with high scores. 
 → No matter how lazy he was, he passed the exam with high scores. 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence 
that best combines the two provided sentences in italic. (Exercise 07. 20 questions) 
CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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VIII. COMMUNICATIVE EXCHANGES: CÂU GIAO TIấ́P 
A. SCORE-RATE: 2 items = 0.4 point 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. Requests or asking for help: Đề nghị sự giỳp đỡ ta sử dụng cỏc mẫu cõu kốm cỏc hỡnh thức đỏp 
lời khảng định hoặc phủ định như sau: 
Requests 
Đề nghị 
Agreements 
Trả lời đồng ý 
Disagreements 
Khụng đồng ý 
- V.., please. 
- Can you V..? 
- Could you V..? 
- Would you please V..? 
- Will you V..?. 
- I wonder if you'd V. 
- I wonder if you could V 
- Certainly 
- Of course 
- Sure 
- No problem 
- What can I do for you? 
- How can I help you? 
I'm sorry. (I'm busy ) 
I'm afraid I can't. 
I'm afraid I couldn't 
- Would you mind – V-ing? 
- Do you mind - V-ing.? 
- No I don't mind. 
- No, of course not. 
- Not at all. 
- I'm sorry, I can't. 
2. Offer to help: Ngỏ ý giỳp đỡ 
Offers 
Đề nghị 
Agreements 
Trả lời đồng ý 
Disagreements 
Khụng đồng ý 
-Shall I – V..? 
- Would you like me to V...? 
- Do you want me to V...? 
- What can I do for you? 
- May I help you? 
- Do you need any help? 
- Let me help you. 
- Can I help you? 
- Yes, thank you 
- That's very kind of you. 
- Yes, please. 
- Oh, would you really? - 
Thanks a lot. 
- No. Thank you 
- No, thank you. I can manage. 
- No, there's no need. But 
thanks all the same. 
- Well, that's very kind of you, 
but I think I can manage, 
thanks. 
3. Asking for permissions: 
Asking ways 
Cỏch hỏi 
Agreements 
Trả lời đồng ý 
Disagreements 
Khụng đồng ý 
- May I – V ....? 
- Can I – V.....? 
- Could I – V.....? 
(May I go out?) 
- Do you think I could – V...? 
-I wonder if I could – V... 
-Is it all right if I – V...? 
- Certainly. 
- Of course. 
- Please do. 
- Please go ahead 
- Yes, by all means. 
- I'd rather you didn't 
- I'd prefer You didn't 
- No, I'm afraid you can't 
- I'm sorry, but you can't. 
 - Would you mind if I V-ed? 
(Would you mind if I smoked?) 
- Do you mind if I – V.? 
 (Do you mind if I smoke?) 
- No, of course not. 
- Not at all. 
- Please do 
- Please go ahead 
4. Suggestions: Gợi ý hoặc rủ ai đú làm gỡ 
Suggestions 
Gợi ý 
Agreements 
Trả lời đồng ý 
Disagreements 
Khụng đồng ý 
1. Shall I/ we – V...? 
2. Let's – V... . 
3. Why don't I/ we – V...? 
4. How about – V-ing...? 
5. What about – V-ing...? 
6. I think we should – V... . 
7. I suggest that we – V... . 
1. Yes, I think that's a 
good idea. 
2. That's probably the 
best option. 
3. Sure, why not? 
4. Yes, definitely. 
5. By all means. 
No, let's not. 
CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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8. It might be a good idea if we/ you – V... . 
9. I think the best way of dealing with this 
situation would be to – V... . 
10. If you ask me, I think we/ you should/ 
could – V... . 
6. Good idea 
5. Thanking: Tỏ ý cảm ơn, núi cảm ơn 
Thanking 
Cảm ơn 
Responses 
Trả lời 
- Thank you. 
- Thank you very much. 
- Thanks a lot. 
- Thanks a lot for .... 
- You're welcome. 
- That's all right. 
- Not at all. 
- It's my pleasure 
6. Request for a repeat: Yờu cầu nhắc lại điều gỡ 
- Pardon? (Cỏch này thụng dụng trong tiếng Anh – Mỹ) 
- Yes? (Cỏch này thụng dụng trong tiếng Anh – Anh) 
- Please say that again. 
- Could you repeat that? 
7. Invitations, offers: Cho, mời 
a) Invite something: Mời thứ gỡ đú - Would you like – something? 
e.g. A: Would you like a cup of tea? 
B: - Yes, please. (or - No, thanks.) 
 b) Invite to somewhere: Mời đi đõu đú - Would you like + to inf.? 
e.g. Would you like to go to the cinema with me? (mời bạn đi xem phim với tụi) 
Would you like to go to the party? (mời bạn đi dự tiệc) 
8. Warnings: Cảnh bỏo 
 Don't move! Mind you head! Watch out! 
Look out! Be careful! Take care! 
9. Showing concerns: Bày tỏ sự quan tõm nào đú 
Showing interest 
(Thể hiện sự quan tõm) 
1. Uh-huh! 
2. Right! 
3. Really? 
4. That's interesting! 
5. And? 
6. What then? 
7. Oh? 
8. What happened next? 
Showing that you're listening 
(Thể hiện bạn đang lắng nghe) 
1. Now, you mentioned... 
2. So, that's how...? 
3. Yes, I was going to ask you about that... 
4. Could you give me / us an example of...? 
5. Could you explain in more detail...? 
Thanking and responding 
(Cảm ơn và đỏp lại lời cảm ơn) 
1. Many thanks. 
2. Thanks a lot. 
3. Cheers! 
4. That's very kind of you. 
5. Thank you very much 
6. Not at all. 
7. It's a pleasure. / My pleasure. 
8. You're welcome. 
9. Don't mention it. 
10. Any time. 
11. That's OK / all right. 
12. I'm glad to have been of some help 
CHUYấN ĐỀ ễN THI THPT QUễ́C GIA Tễ̉NG HỢP – GCSE PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS 
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Apologizing 
(Xin lỗi) 
1. Sorry 
2. I'm very/awfully/so/extremely sorry. 
3. Excuse me. 
4. Sorry, (it was) my fault. 
5. I do apologize. 
6. Please accept my apologies 
Accepting an apology 
(Chấp nhận lời xin lỗi) 
1. That's all right/OK. 
2. Not to worry. 
3. That's quite/perfectly all right. 
4. No reason/need to apologize. 
5. Don't worry about it 
Giving instructions 
(Đưa ra lời hướng dẫn/ chỉ dẫn) 
1. Make sure... 
2. Remember... (to do). 
3. Be careful... (not to do). 
4. Don't forget... (to do) 
5. Giving directions 
6. Go straight on. 
7. Take the first/second on the left / right. 
8. Turn left / right. 
9. Go along... as far as... 
10. Take the number 7 bus / tram. 
11. Get off (the bus / tram) at... (place). 
12. Carry on until you see... 
13. Look out for.. 
Checking someone has understood 
(Kiểm tra xem ai đó hiểu hay chưa) 
1. Are you with me? 
2. Did you follow that? 
3. Have you got that? 
4. Is everything clear so far? 
5. Does that seem to make sense? 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the most 
suitable response to complete each of the following exchanges. (Exercise 08. 20 questions) 
IX. CLOZE TESTS: ĐIỀN TỪ KHOẢNG TRễ́NG 
A. SCORE-RATE: 5 items = 1.0 point 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. General tips: 
- Read through the text without looking at the provided options before you fail to come up 
with an idea. 
- Try to find the main idea of the text as well as the field it covers. 
- Use different ways to choose the answers as suggested below. 
2. Word orders and numbers: 
3. Word usages and collocations: 
4. Principles of logic, the uses of functional words: 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the 
word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks. 
X. READING COMPREHENSION: ĐỌC HIấ̉U 
A. SCORE-RATE: 15 items = 3.0 points 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. General tips: 
Để làm tốt loại bài tập đọc hiểu chỳng ta cần phõn tớch và chia nhúm cỏc loại cõu hỏi, võn dụng cỏc kĩ 
năng giải cỏc nhúm cõu hỏi cụ thể để hoàn thành bài tập. Thụng thường, bài tập đọc hiểu gồm cỏc 
nhúm cõu hỏi cụ thể sau: 
Type 1: Vocabulary questions: 
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Khỏi quỏt: Identify vocabulary meaning (3 – 5 questions/ 1 passage). 
Cõu hỏi: - The word/ phrase “X” is closest in meaning to________. 
- The word/ phrase “X” could/ can be best replaced by________. 
- The word/ phrase “X” probably means________. 
Type 2: Reference questions: 
Khỏi quỏt: Identify the referent a reference word “refers to” (0 – 2 questions/ 1 passage). 
Cõu hỏi: - The word/ phrase “X” refers to________. 
Type 3&4: Factual & negative factual questions: 
Khỏi quỏt: Choose an answer that is true or untrue according to the passage 
Factual (3-6 questions/ 1 passage); Negative factual (0-2 questions/ 1 passage) 
Cõu hỏi: Factual: - Which of the following statements is TRUE of________? 
- It is indicated in the passage that________. 
- According to the passage, ________. 
Negative factual: - Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE of________? 
- All of the following statements are true EXCEPT________. 
Type 5: Sentence simplification questions: 
Khỏi quỏt: Find the best replacement of key information from long and complex sentences 
(1 question/ 1 passage). 
Cõu hỏi: Which of the sentences below best expresses the essential information in the 
highlighted sentence in the passage? 
Type 6: Prose Summary: Complete a summary of a passage (1 question/ 1 passage). 
Type 7: Classify, categorize, organize information questions: 
 Khỏi quỏt: Categorize specific facts in the passage (1 question/ 1 passage). 
Type 8: Inference questions: 
Khỏi quỏt: Make inferences, form generalizations and draw conclusions based on what is 
implied in a passage (0-2 questions/ 1 passage). 
Cõu hỏi: - It is implied in the passage that________. 
- It can/ could be inferred from the passage that________. 
- It is suggested in the passage that________. 
Type 9: Rhetorical purpose questions: 
Khỏi quỏt: Recognize why an author explains concept in a certain way (0-2 questions/ 1 
passage) 
Cõu hỏi: - Why does the author state X? 
- Why does the author mention X? 
- The author mentions X in order to________. 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D to choose the 
word or phrase that best fits each of the blanks. 
XI. USE OF LANGUAGE: KIấ́N THỨC NGễN NGỮ 
A. SCORE-RATE: 12 items = 2.4 points 
B. PRACTICAL RECOMMENDATIONS: 
1. Articles: 
2. Word orders: 
3. Verb tenses: 
4. Conjunctions: 
5. Prepositions: 
6. Phrasal verbs: 
7. Gerunds: 
8. Infinitives: 
9. Collocations: 
10. Comparisons: 
11. Adjective orders: 
C. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct 
answer in each of the following question. (Exercise 09. 20 questions/ Exercise 10. 50 questions) 
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XII. PRACTICAL EXERCISES: BÀI TẬP THAM KHẢO 
Exercise 01. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined 
part differs from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 
Question 01. A. looked B. laughed C. decided D. experienced 
Question 02. A. break B. increase C. speak D. cheat 
Question 03. A. nautical B. laurel C. gauche D. fault 
Question 04. A. nail B. fail C. chair D. tail 
Question 05. A. computer B. citizen C. economy D. technique 
Question 06. A. consist B. consume C. concept D. conclude 
Question 07. A. climbed B. crashed C. escaped D. announced 
Question 08. A. historic B. honesty C. honorable D. heir 
Question 09. A. established B. diversified C. struggled D. synchronized 
Question 10. A. household B. honest C. exhausted D. rhinoceros 
Question 11. A. cooked B. practiced C. laughed D. decided 
Question 12. A. application B. identify C. chemistry D. indicate 
Question 13. A. boats B. speaks C. beliefs D. leaves 
Question 14. A. countryman B. postman C. policeman D. commander 
Question 15. A. mice B. slice C. accomplice D. spice 
Question 16. A. speak B. steak C. beak D. leak 
Question 17. A. finished B. developed C. defeated D. looked 
Question 18. A. defeat B. measure C. appeal D. leader 
Question 19. A. players B. always C. rejects D. confides 
Question 20. A. deal B. clear C. heat D. appeal 
Exercise 02. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from 
the other three in the position of the primary stress in each of the following questions. 
Question 01. A. permanent B. continue C. complete D. relationship 
Question 02. A. endanger B. geometry C. opposite D. Geography 
Question 03. A. environment B. optimistic C. electricity D. unexpected 
Question 04. A. stable B. country C. border D. campaign 
Question 05. A. compromise B. supervise C. televise D. determine 
Question 06. A. enclose B. disclose C. purpose D. suppose 
Question 07. A. arrive B. follow C. teacher D. offer 
Question 08. A. counselor B. description C. inspector D. adoption 
Question 09. A. argue B. believe C. control D. deny 
Question 10. A. disaster B. conference C. dedicate D. national 
Question 11. A. effort B. express C. office D. comment 
Question 12. A. domestic B. customer C. sentiment D. government 
Question 13. A. different B. important C. essential D. negation 
Question 14. A. relation B. arrange C. summary D. eliminate 
Question 15. A. inference B. inferior C. redundance D. reference 
Question 16. A. competent B. compliance C. computer D. commuter 
Question 17. A. dangerous B. character C. entertain D. criminal 
Question 18. A. enthusiast B. advantage C. adventure D. conference 
Question 19. A. water B. bamboo C. eject D. defend 
Question 20. A. opponent B. habitat C. vacancy D. sociable 
Exercise 03. Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in 
meaning to the underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 
Question 01. The film is not worth seeing. The plot is too dull. 
 A. simple B. complicated C. boring D. slow 
Question 02. In rural Midwestern towns of the USA, the decisions that affect most residents are made 
at general assemblies in schools and churches. 
 A. concerts B. public libraries C. gatherings D. prayer services 
Question 03. I hope to have the privilege of working with them again. 
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 A. honor B. advantage C. favor D. right 
Question 04. Everything was in a thorough mess. 
 A. utter B. full C. complete D. appalling 
Question 05. The service station at Shiel Bridge has a good range of groceries. 
 A. coach station B. railway station C. power station D. petrol station 
Question 06. He didn’t bat an eye when he realized he failed the exam again. 
 A. didn’t want to see B. didn’t show surprise C. wasn’t happy D. didn’t care 
Question 07. The notice should be put in the most conspicuous place so that all the students can be 
well-informed. 
 A. easily seen B. beautiful C. popular D. suspicious 
Question 08. If the headmaster were here, he would sign your papers immediately. 
A. right ahead B. currently C. formerly D. right away 
Question 09. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining water is not 
the least. 
 A. controlling B. storing C. purifying D. getting 
Question 10. Thirty minutes after the accident, the captain still refused to abandon the burning ship. 
 A. sail B. get on C. leave D. come to 
Question 11. It will be fine tomorrow. But if it should rain tomorrow, the match will be postponed. 
 A. taken off B. sold off C. put off D. turned off 
Question 12. Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on Earth. 
 A. annoyance B. risks C. irritations D. fears 
Question 13. The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes 
helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense. 
 A. initiate B. lighten C. terminate D. prevent 
Question 14. E-cash cards are the main means of all transactions in a cashless society. 
 A. cash-free B. cash-starved C. cash-strapped D. cash-in-hand 
Question 15. For a long term period, Lizzie Maggie has been battling against the vicissitudes of life. 
 A. mutability B. caprice C. ups and downs D. determination 
Question 16. The aim of University education is to inure students to hardship, trials and adverse 
situations in life. 
 A. accustom B. obliterate C. shun D. estrange. 
Question 17. Those girls are totally unaware that they are being made use of by this organization. 
 A. taken for granted B. spoken ill of C. made fun of D. taken advantage of 
Question 18. In life, Ray always gives me a hand with repairing the broken things in my house. 
A. assists me by B. asks me to help with C. pleases me by D. serves me with 
Question 19. I just want to stay at home and watch TV and take it easy. 
 A. sleep B. sit down C. eat D. relax 
Question 20. The rains of 1993 causing th