Bài tập ôn thi môn Tiếng Anh: So sánh (Comparison)

NAME:____________________ LEVEL : PET
COMPARISON
I.COMPARISONS OF EQUALITY (So sánh ngang bằng)
Form : Adjectives : S1+ tobe + as + ADJ+ as + S2 
 Ex: she is as young as me
 Adverbs: S1+ V + as+ ADV+ as + S2
 Ex: She runs as fast as me
+ So sánh kém
Form: Adjectives: S+ tobe+ not so/ not as + ADJ + as
Ex: John is 1.7 metres tall. Tim is 1.6 metres tall. Tim is not so tall as John.
II. COMPARATIVES (So sánh hơn) 
+ Short adjectives/ adverbs: have only one syllable (mot am tiet), for example: short, long, tall, big, fast
Form: Adjectives S1 + tobe + short Adj + er + than + S2
 Ex: Anna is taller than me / John is faster than Tim is
Note: 
• Khi thêm “er” nhân đôi phụ âm cuối nếu trước nó là một nguyên âm.
 Ex : hot –> hotter
 fat –> fatter
 thin –> thinner
 fit –> fitter
• Một số tính từ có hai âm tiết kết thúc bằng “et, ow, le, er,y” thì áp dụng qui tắc của tính từ ngắn 
Ex: quiet –> quieter 
 clever –> cleverer
 simple –> simpler
 narrow –> narrower
 Form : Adverbs: S1 + V + short Adv + er + than + S2
 Ex: She drives faster than I do
Note: Special adverbs
Adjective
Adverbs
comparison
far
far
Farther / further
late
late
later
good
well
Better
hard
hard
Harder
fast
fast
Faster
bad
badly
Worse
much
much
more
+ Long adjectives: have two or more than two syllables ( có từ hai âm tiết trở lên): beautiful, gorgeous, eccentric, responsibleect
Form: Adjective : S1+ tobe+ more + long adjective + than + S1 + tobe
 Ex: She is more considerate than her brother (is)
 Adverbs: S1+ V + more + long adverb + than+ S2 + modal verb
 Ex: She drives more carefully than her husband does
III. SUPERLATIVES ( So sánh nhất )
+ Adjectives: a) Short adjective: S + tobe + the + short adjective + est +
 She is the tallest girl in my class.
 b) Long adjectives : S+ tobe + the most + long adjective + 
 He is the most intelligent guy in that house.
 + Adverbs: a) Short adverbs : S + V + the + short adverb + est +
 She runs the fastest
 b) Long adverbs : S+ V + the most + long Adverbs + 
 He drives the most carefully.
+ Note: Comment structures
That’s/ it’s + the + tính từ ngắn + est + noun + S + have/ has + ever + P2.
That’s/ it’s + the + most + tính từ dài + noun + S + have/ has + ever + P2.
Ex: That’s the most interesting book I’ve ever read.
 That’s the longest bridge I’ve ever seen.
+ S + have/ has + P2 + a/any + tính từ ngắn + er + noun + than..
+ S + have/ has + P2 + a + more + tính từ dài + noun + than..
Ex: I’ve never read a more interesting book than this one.
 I’ve never seen any/a longer bridge than this one.
IV. DOUBLE COMPARISON - So sánh kép (càng.....càng....)
FORM 1: the comparative + S + Vthe comparative + S + V
Ex: The more you learn, the more you know.(càng học bạn càng biết nhiều)
 The sooner you start, the earlier you arrive. 
FORM 2: the more + S + V, the comparative + S + V
Ex: The more you study, the smarter you will become.
 The more exercises you do, the better you understand the lesson
• Trong trường hợp nếu cả hai vế đều có chủ ngữ giả 'it is' thì có thể bỏ chúng đi
 Ex: The shorter (it is), the better (it is).
PRACTICE
Complete the sentences with comparative structures so that the meaning of both sentences is the same.
Ava is a slightly worse driver than Charlotte.
As a driver, Charlotte is a 	 	than Ava.
It's not nearly as difficult to repair a motorcycle as it is to fix a car.
Fixing a car is nowhere 	 	easy as repairing a motorcycle.
Bill runs the same speed as I do.
Bill is 	 	fast as me.
It takes nearly as long to get there by car as it does on foot.
It only takes 	 	longer to walk than it does to go by car.
Ashley's actually a lot cleverer than Lee, but he doesn't think so.
Lee thinks he's as clever as Ashley but in fact she's 	 	than he is.
Dylan's come off his diet and now he appears to be getting fatter. The 	Dylan eats, the 	weight he seems to put on.
Renting a house is no cheaper compared with paying off a mortgage.
It costs 	 	to pay off a mortgage 	to rent a house.
Reading a map is a little bit harder than using a satnav.
I think it is 	 	easy to read a map 	to use a satnav.
The weather is bad and it’s getting worse.
The weather is getting 	and 	.
Jake used to be more timid than John. He’s a lot more confident now. Jake is 	timid 	he used to be.