Bài tập học kì 2 môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Unit 10: Endangered spieces

UNIT 10. ENDANGERED SPIECES
I. Grammar: Usage of modal verbs.
General meanings
MODAL VERBS
MEANING
USES
EXAMPLE
Present
Past
1/ SUY ĐOÁN, 
May
might
- có lẽ
- dùng để suy đoán (not sure)
- It may rain tomorrow
Might
might
- có thể
- dùng để suy đoán (not sure)
- It might rain tomorrow 
Can be
Could be
- có lẽ là
- dùng để suy đoán 1 sự việc
- Cancer can be very dangerous
Must ≠ 
Can’t
- chắc chắn 
≠ chắc chắn không
- chỉ một sự suy đoán chắc chắn vì có cơ sở. (sure)
- chỉ một sự suy đoán chắc chắn không vì có cơ sở.
- Mary must be at home. The light in her room is on.
- he can’t be at home now. I have just seen him in the street.
2/ SỰ NGĂN CẤM
Mustn’t 
-không được
- chỉ sự ngăn cấm, không được phép làm.(luật lệ)
- You musn’t ride a motorbike until you are 18
3/ SỰ BẮT BUỘC, NHIỆM VỤ
Must
Have to
Had to
Had to
- phải
- phải, cần phải
- để chỉ bổn phận, một sự bắt buộc ở hiện tại hoặc trong tương lai.
- được dùng để thay thế must ở thì tương lai (will have to) và quá khứ (had to) vì must không có các dạng khác để chia ở các thì này
- You must go now.
- They will have to come here tomorrow
4/ SỰ CẦN THIẾT
Needn’t = 
don’t have to 
Need + To V0 ≠ don’t need to V0)
Need + V-ing
-không cần
- cần / không cần
- là một Modal được dùng chủ yếu trong câu phủ định (Needn’t)
- chỉ một sự việc không quan trọng cần phải làm
- là một động từ thường, dùng với thể chủ động (người cần)
- là một động từ thường, dùng với thể bị động (vật cần)
- You need not give me the answer right now. 
- You don’t have to use a dictionary. There is no new word. 
- You need to go now.
-You don’t need to go. 
-Your hair needs cutting. 
5/ KHẢ NĂNG
Can
could
- có thể
- để nói đến một khả năng 
- he can speak 5 languages.
6/ Sự khuyên bảo
Should 
Had better (not)
Ought to
- nên
- để nói đến 1 lời khuyên
- you should study harder.
- It’s too late. We’d better go now.
7/ Sự xin phép, cho phép
You May
May I ?
- có thể
- Dùng để cho phép hoặc xin phép ai làm gì. 
- You may go now.
- May I come in? 
Could I ?
- tôi có thể
- thường dùng với chủ từ I đề xin phép 1 người lớn hơn, tỏ ý tôn trọng 
- You: Could I borrow your bike?
Can I ?
- tôi có thể
- thường dùng với chủ từ I đề xin phép 1 người ngang hàng
- Can I borrow your pen?
8/ Lời Đề Nghị
Could you..
- bạn có thể..
- Dùng để đề nghị 1 ngưới người lớn hơn làm gì.
- Could you open the door, please?
Can you
Will you
- bạn có thể..
- Dùng để đề nghị 1 ngưới người ngang hàng làm gì.
- Can you buy me a paper?
Shall we..
- Chúng ta hãy.
- Dùng để đề xuất 1 hoạt động vui chơi giải trí nào đó
- Shall we go out for dinner?
9/ Sự mong muốn
Would rather (not)
- muốn / không muốn
I would rather go to the cinema than stay at home.
Would like / would prefer + To-V0
- muốn 
- sau Would like / would prefer ta dùng To-V0
I would like to go to the cinema .
10/ Sự việc ở tương lai
Will
Would
- sẽ
- Dùng trong các thì Tương Lai, Câu Điều Kiện, câu Ao Ước, 
- If I were you, I would stay at home.
? NOTES: Khi ta đang ở hiện tại mà ta nói về những sự việc ở Quá Khứ, khi đó cách sử dụng của MODAL VERBS có dạng:
S + MODAL + HAVE + V3/ED 
1/ SHOULD + HAVE + V3/ED (lẽ ra đã nên)
Hình thức này để chỉ một bổn phận, trách nhiệm được cho là lẽ ra đã xảy ra ở quá khứ, nhưng vì một lý do nào đĩ đã khơng xảy ra hoặc ngược lại.
Eg: Maria shouldn’t have called John too late last night. (thực ra cơ ấy cĩ gọi )
2/ MUST + HAVE + V3/ED: (chắc chắn là đã) chỉ một sự suy luận hợp lý trong quá khứ.
Eg: Jane did very well on the exam. She must have studied hard.
EXERCISE
1.I can't find my book anywhere. I _______ have left it on the train. I am not sure.
a. must 	b. needn't 	c. should 	d. might
2.You _______ lunch. We have already eaten.
a. need preparing 	b. needn't have prepared
c. should prepare 	d. should have prepared
3.Let's do something to protect the environment, _______ we?
a. must 	b. need 	c. will 	d. shall
4.I will do everything. You _______ do anything unless you really want to.
a. may 	b. needn't 	c. must 	d. ought to
5.You ___ forget to learn the lesson by heart. The new teacher is so strict.
a. needn't 	b. mustn't 	c. mayn't 	d. mightn't
6.They _______ be away for the weekend, but I am not sure. 
a. might 	b. need 	c. must 	d. should
7.You _______ now if you wish.
a. must leave 	b. may leave 	c. need leaving 	d. mustn't leave
8.You _______ worry so much. I will help you.
a. must 	b. mustn't 	c. might not 	d. needn't
9.If there is anything you _______. Let me know.
a. must 	b. should 	c. need 	d. may
10.Family _______ spend more time talking, instead of just watching TV.
a. must 	b. should 	c. might 	d. needn't
11.Please, keep silent. You _______ speak during the exam.
a. may 	b. might not 	c. needn't 	d. mustn’t
12.You _______ drive at more than 70 miles per hour in the UK.
a. mustn't 	b. needn't 	c. may not 	d. might not
13.You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon.
a. ought to / mustn't 	b. needn't / will	c. will / must 	d. should / might
14.The room ________ once a day.
a. should clean 	b. should be cleaning	c. should be cleaned 	d. should have cleaned
15.The weather forecast says that ________ tomorrow.
a. it will snow 	b. it will be snowed 
c. it needs snowing 	d. it must be snowed
16.The garden ________. It has just started raining.
a. needn't water 	b. needn't be watered
c. needn't be watering 	d. needn't have watered
17.People ___________ hunt and use whales for commercial purpose 
A. needn’t	B. mustn’t 	C. don’t need to 	D. don’t have to 
18.She ___ be ill. I have just seen her playing basket ball in the school yard.
a. needn't 	b. shouldn't 	c. mustn't 	d. can't 
19.Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.
a. needn't 	b. must 	c. has to 	d. should
20.I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.
a. should / can't 	b. have to / must 	 c. can / needn't 	 d. might / mustn't
21.Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.
a. must have left 	b. should have left 	c. must be leaving 	d. needn't leave
22.I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must 	b. mustn't 	c. need 	d. needn’t
23.John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried 	b. should have tried c. can tried 	 d. may have tried
24._______ I borrow your lighter for a minute? - Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can 	 	b. Must / might 	c. Will / should 	d. Might / needn’t
25.I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.
a. shouldn't 	b. needn't 	c. mustn't 	d. oughtn't to
26.It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't 	b. needn't 	c. mightn't 	d. won't
27.We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't 	b. shouldn't 	c. mustn't 	d. mayn't
28.Keep quiet. You _______ talk so loudly in here. Everybody is working.
a. may 	b. must 	c. might 	d. mustn't
29.John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.
a. might 	b. will 	c. must 	d. should
30._______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
a. Must 	b. Will 	c. May 	d. Need
31.The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software.
a. must 	b. need 	c. should 	d. may
32.Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
a. mustn't 	b. couldn't 	c. can't 	d. needn't
33. The recycling of waste paper save a great amount of wood pulp. 
 a. had better 	b. need 	c. can 	d. dare 
36. She brought a lot of money with her so that she needed buy some duty-free goods. 
TEST FOR UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES . No 01
PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word whose main stress is put syllable from that of the others in the group. 
1. 	A. agency 	B. awareness 	C. protection 	D. endanger	
2.	A. classify 	B. seriously 	C. identify 	D. temperature
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in the group. 
3.	A. remind 	B. driven 	C. derive 	D. survive
4.	A. special 	B. specify 	C. species 	D. spectrum
5.	A. reduced 	B. caused 	C. damaged 	D. preserved
GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 
Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C or D) that best completes each sentence. 
6. Development of the area would 	wildlife. 
	A. danger 	B. dangerous 	C. endanger 	D. dangerously 
7. Migrant workers are ____	to exploitation. 
	A. eager 	B. vulnerable 	C. available 	D. considerate 
8. He 	great pleasure from his work. 
	A. derived 	B. survived 	C. revived 	D. devised 
9. The sea turtle is among the	species; it is m danger of extinction. 
	A. common 	B. normal 	C. abundant 	D. rare 
10. In times of	I know which friends I can turn to. 
	A. pleasure 	B. joy 	C. fortune 	D. crisis 
11. We	open the lion's cage. It is contrary to Zoo regulations. 
	A. must 	B. mustn't 	C. needn't 	D. should 
12. I 	arrive on time, so please start dinner without me. 
	A. could 	B. may 	C. may not 	D. should 
13. "	you hand that book, please?" "Sure. Here it is." 
	A. Could	B. Should	C. Must	D. May
14. "Are these gloves necessary?" "Yes. You 	use this chemical without gloves. It will burn your skin." 
	A. must not 	B. don't have to 	
	C. could not 	D. need not 
15. You 	clean the windows. The window-cleaner is coming tomorrow. 
	A. don't have 	B. must 	C. mustn't 	D. needn't 
16. Carl 	studied harder; he failed the test again. 
	A. must have 	B. should have 
	C. could have 	D. needn't have 
17. "Would you like to go with me to the Williams' wedding next month?" "I'm not sure.
I	be too busy with school work." 
	A. will 	B. might 	C. maybe 	D. should 
18. We 	to take a taxi. Otherwise we'll be late. 
	A. would rather 	B. had better 
	C. must have 	D. will have 
19. These pills will surely	your pam. 
	A. ease 	B. easy 	C. easily 	D. easiness 
20. His health would be improved	. 
	A. if he continued to smoke heavily 
	B. unless he stopped smoking heavily 
	C. if he gave up smoking 
	D. if only he doesn't smoke any more . 
21. 	to the skin, they eventually got to the station. 
	A. Soaked 	B. Soaking 	C. To soak 	D. Having soaked 
22. It's no good	to him; he never answers letters. 
	A. write 	B. to write 	C. writing 	D. for writing 
23. 'How can I get to the post office?' 'Turn right 	the end of this street and you'll see it in front of you.' 
	A. of 	B. at 	C. on 	D. in 
24. I've lost the key. I ought 	it in a safe place. 
	A. that I put 	B. to be putting 	C. to have put 	D. to put 
25. I don't know why Tom is always 	a hurry. 
	A. at 	B. on 	C. in 	D. with 
26. Mark failed his driving test for the third time 	. 
	A. even though his many hours of practice 
	B. because of his practicing very hard 
	C. instead of having practiced very hard 
	D. despite his many hours of practice 
27. By the time we reach New York on Friday, we 	over 60 hours traveling. 
	A. have spent 	B. will spend 
	C. will have spent 	D. will be spending 
28. Have you seen any good films 	? 
	A. already 	B. ever 	C. lately 	D. now 
29. Can I look	a word in your" dictionary? I left mine at home. 
	A. up 	B. in 	C. on 	D. after 
30. I couldn't understand' what he said, and	.
	A. so could Stella 	B. neither could Stella 
	C. neither couldn't Stella 	D. Stella couldn't, too 
31. All things 	, Professor Taylor is the best instructor I've ever had. 
	A. considered 	B. to consider 	C. considering 	D. considerable
32. It's getting more and 	to find a cheap apartment. 
	A. difficult 	B. more difficult 
	C. less difficult 	D. more difficult than 
33. Tam, the boy who sat beside me in class, used to wear	shirt to school. 
	A. an old cotton white 	B. a white cotton old 
	C. a cotton old white 	D. an old white cotton 
34. The sun was shining	I woke up this morning. 
	A. if 	B. because 	C. unless 	D. when 
35. He's very busy with his business. He has	time for his family. 
	A. a few 	B. a little 	C. much 	D. little 
Choose the underlined part in each sentence that should be corrected. 
36. Scientists won't be able to investigate the seabed if there were no modern devices. 
37. People are surprising that Saudi Arabia has such a small population in comparison to its land and size.
38. The police prevented the motorist to drive home drunk. 
39. A dangerously situation was created by the bad roads. 
40. Winnings from a lottery ticket have brought people wealthy overnight.
Choose the item (A, B, C or D) that best completes the unfinished statement (or best answers the question) about each passage. 
In 1782, the bald eagle was chosen as the national bird of the United States because it is a bird of strength and courage, and was found all over North America and only in North America. 
But a little· over 200 years later, the bald eagle had almost disappeared from the country. In 1972, there were only 3,000 bald eagles in the entire United States. The reason for the bird's decreasing population was pollution, especially pollution of the rivers by pesticides. Pesticides are chemicals used to kill insects and other animals that attack and destroy crops. Unfortunately, rain often washes pesticides into rivers. Pesticides pollute the rivers and poison the fish. Eagles eat these fish and the poison affects their eggs. The eggs have very thin shells and do not hatch. Eagles only lay only two or three eggs a year. Because many of the eggs did not hatch and produce more eagles, the number of eagles quickly became smaller. 
Today, the American government and the American people are trying to protect the bald eagle. The number of bald eagles is increasing. It now appears that the American national bird will survive and remain a symbol of strength and courage. 
41. The bald eagle was in danger of extinction mainly because	. 
	A. they used to kill insects 
	B. the rivers were polluted by pesticides 
	C. they didn't lay enough eggs 
	D. it was chosen as the national bird 
42. One eagle can lay	. 
	A. one or two eggs every six months 
	B. one or two eggs a year 
	C. two or three eggs every six months 
	D. two or three eggs per year 
43. The number of bald eagles is now 	. 
	A. becoming larger 	B. decreasing 
	C. becoming smaller 	D. in great danger of extinction 
44. The bird lays eggs, and then the eggs 	. 
	A. produce 	B. 'break 	C. protect 	D. hatch 
45. The bald eagle's main food is 	. 
	A. insects	B. grass 	C. fish 	D. poison 
Choose the word or phrase (A, B, C, or D) that best fits each space in the following passage. 
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in danger. Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become (46)____________if we do not make an effort to protect them. There are many reasons for this. In some cases, animals are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies. Some birds, (47)___________as parrots are caught alive and sold as pets. For many animals and birds, the problem is that their habitat - the place where they live - is disappearing. More (48)_____________is used for farms, for houses or industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were. Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them grow better crops, but these chemicals pollute (49)______________environment and harm wildlife. The most successful animal on earth - human beings - will soon be the only ones left, (50)_____________we can sotve this problem. 
46. 	A. extinct 	B. lost 	C. empty 	D. disappeared 
47. 	A. such 	B. where 	C. like 	D. or 
48. 	A. area 	B. earth 	C. land 	D. soil 
49.	A. the 	B. that 	C. an 	D. a 
50. 	A. because 	B. however 	C. if 	D. unless 
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TEST FOR UNIT 10: ENDANGERED SPECIES . No 02
PRONOUNCIATION	
A. Circle the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others
1. 	A. bamboo	B. good	C. foot	D. cook
2. 	A. cake	B. panda	C. face	D. late
3. 	A. Social	B. science	C. sour	D. sure
B. Circle the word whose stress part is placed differently from that of the others
4. 	A. reserve	B. schedule	C. wildlife	D. beauty
5. 	A. derive	B. contain	C. leopard	D. prevent 
VOCABULARY 	
6. Many plants and endangered species are now endangering of _______. 
	A. expression	B. expulsion	C. extinction	D. extension
7. _______ is destroying lager areas of tropical rain forests. 
	A. Disforestation	B. Deforestation	C. Anti-forestation	D. forests
8. A lot of different conservation efforts have been made to________endangered species. 
	A. save	B. kills	C. make	D. do 
9. The raw sewage needs to be ________ treated. 
	A. chemically	B. chemical	C. chemist	C. chemistry
10. There are more than 20 ________ working on the water treatment project. 
	A. researches	B. researcher	C. researchers	D. research
11. More and more people __________ of food poisoning nowadays. 
	A. exits	B. survive	C. die	D. starve
12. The government _________ the flood victims with food clothers and money. 
	A. gave	B. provided	C. offered	D. presented 
13. Many people _________ that natural resources will never be used up. 
	A. view	B. consider	C. believe	D. regard
14. Conservation is the protection of the _________ environment. 
	A. nature	B. natural	C. naturally	D. naturalize
15. There are many ________ of pollution in our modern world 
	A. resources	B. sources	C. foundations 	D. bases
GRAMMAR
16. You ________ ask a woman about her age. It’s not polite. 
	A. must	B. need	C. musrn’t 	D. needn’t
17. Pay attention ________ all traffic signs when you are traveling in the street. 
	A. for	B. on 	C. to 	D. from 
18. Their plans were cancelled _______ of a bad storm. 
	A. in spite	B. because	C. instead	D. in place
19. I’ll lend you the money and you ________ pay me back till next month. 
	A. needn’t	B. mustn’t	C. need	D. must
20. You should change your wet shoes,________ you’ll catch cold 
	A. therefore	B. or	C.iF	D. unless
21. The twins used to play rugby when they were four year old, ________ ?
	A. don’t they	B. didn’t they	C. didn’t used they	D. did they
22. You would rather _________ talking in class so as not to make your teacher angry. 
	A. stops	B. stopping	C. to stop	D. stop
23. I’ve got __________ money to lend you now. I think you can ask Lyn for some. 
	A. few	B. a few 	C. little	D. a little
24. To tell the truth, Aim frightened ________ ghosts. 
	A. for	B. on	C. with	D. of
25. Tell her that she ________ be here by six. I insist on it. 
	A. may	B. must	C. ought to 	D. might
26. He hurried _________ he wouldn’t be late for class. 
	A. since	B. as if 	C. unless	D. so that
27. There should be no discrimination _______ grounds of sex race or religion 
	A. on	B. at	C. of	D. in 
28. He has refused, but he _________ change his mind if you asked him again 
	A. might	B. may	C. can	D. must
29. Two parallel white lines in the millde road meant that you _________ not overtake. 
	A. must	B. might	C. may	D. need
30. There’s _______ university in my neighborhood. 
	A. an	B. a	C. the 	D. Φ
READING COMPREHENSION
Read the passage andchoose the best answers. 
World Wildlife Fund (WWF) safeguaeds hundreds of species around the world, but we focus species attention on our flagship species: giant pandas, tigers, endangered whales and dolphins, rhinos, elephant, marine turtles and great apes. These species not only need species measures and extra protection in order to survive, they also serve as “umbrella” species: helping them helps numerous other species that live in the same habitats. 
In addition to our flagship animals, we work to protect numerous species in peril around the world that live within our priority eco-rigions. Laree predators like snow leopards and grizzly bears, migratory species like whooping cranes and songbrids, and a host of other species facing threats also benefit from WWF’ s conservation efforts. Our wildlife trade experts at “traffic” work to ensure that trade wildlife products, doesn’t harm a species, while also fighting against illegal and unsustainable trade. 
WWF is known for acting sound science. Science leads and guides us stratefies and approaches, from the way to restore tigers in viable, breed population to decide which areas need protection the most. 
31. What does WWF stand for?
	A. World Wildlife Food. 	B. World Wildlife Formation. 
	C. World Wildlife Fund. 	D. World Website Fund. 
32. How many species do we pay much attention to?
	A. 5	B. 8	C. 7	D. 9
33. What is the meaning of the world habitats in pharagraph 1?
	A. The place where animals or plants are normally found. 
	B. The place where animals or plants can drink and sleep. 
	C. The place where animals or plants can eat find their enemy. 
	D. The place where animals can find and keep their body warm. 
34. What can science help us in safeguarding endangered species?
	A. Find the way to kill all species easily. 	B. Lead and guide strategies and approaches. 
	C. Discover another habitat of animal. 	D. Search for a food source for animals. 
35. Which of the following is not stated in the passage?
	A. WWF safeguards hundreds of species around the eorld. 
	B. WWF is known for acting on sound science. 
	C. these above species need extra protection so as not to be extinct. 
	D. All species are so fierce that scientists can’t take care of them. 
B .Read and choose the appropriate option:
Bouillon’s Problem
In the past, elephants in Thailand were taken from the wild when they were very young. They (36) ______ to work for the people cutting down the large trees of the forests. They became “work machine’- they were not free, wild animals (37) ______ more.
Some of the elephants became depressed and some even cried. Elephants can be unhappy too.
Bouillon’s Future.
Bouillon was one of these (38) ______, but with the help of Thailand’s Royal Family and the World Wildlife Fund, she is soon going back to her natural environment, the forest. First, she is going to live at the Doi Pa Muang, Wildlife Sanctuary. There, she will (39) ______ learn to be free again, and she will meet other free elephants for the first time.
If you would like information (40) ______ other areas of the work of the WWF, please write to the address below.
36.	A. were sold	B. sold	C. is sold	D. sell
37.	A. some	B. little	C. any	D. few.
38.	A. zebras	B. elephants	C. donkeys	D. horses.
39.	A. fast	B. quick	C. far	D. slowly.
40.	A. in	B. about	C. at	D. on
WRITING 
A. sentence Transformation
Choose the sentence which is closest in meaning to the original one. 
41. The gate was closed to stop the children running into the road. 
	A. The gate was closed so the children running into the road. 
	B. The gate is closed so that children don’t run into the road. 
	C. The gate was closed so that the children couldn’t run into the road. 
	D. The gate is closed that the children couldn’t to run into the road. 
42. My Indian friend finds using chopsticks difficult. 
	A. My Indian friend is not used to using chopsticks. 
	B. My Indian friend can’t use chopsticks. 
	C. My Indian friend didn’t use to using chopsticks. 
43. Too tired to continue, David stopped walking. 
	A. David couldn’t carry on walking because he was too tired. 
	B. David couldn’t stop walking because he was to tired. 
	C. David was too tired to carry out walking. 
	D. David can’t continue to walk when he’ stirred. 
44. I haven’t met old English teacher since I left school. 
	A. I didn’t have a chance to meet my old English teacher because I left school. 
	B. this is the last time I met my old English teacher at shool. 
	C. I last met my old English teacher when I left school. 
	D. My old English teacher hasn’t met me since I have left school. 
45. Tom didn’t begin to read until he was eight. 
 	A. It was not until Tom was eight that he began to read. 
	B. When Tom was eight, he didn’t know how to read. 
	C. Tom had read when he was Wight to read. 
	D. Not until Tom read, he was eight. 
B. Choose the underlined words that need correctings
46. The bus will be leaving on five minutes so you’d better hurry up. 
	A	B	C	D
47. Many teachers have devoted their lives to teaching, therefore teaching is not a well-paid job. 
 	A	B	C	D
48. My parents often take careful of me when I am ill. 
 	A	B	C	 D
49. She passed the board exam, who made her parents proud. 
 	A	B	C	D
50. Lack of properly physical exercise cause tiredness and poor health.
 	A	B	C 	D
-----------THE END-----------
UNIT 11. BOOKS
* GRAMMAR. MODAL VERBS IN PASSIVE VOICE
 S + modal + V 0 + O 	 
S + modal + Be + V3/ ed+ By O 	 
Example : 
1.Humans must keep water, air, and land clean 
º Water, air, and land must be kept clean .
2.Governments must stop illegal trade of whales.
º Illegal trade of whales must be stopped .
* EXERCISE:
 Choose the correct answer
1.If I had gone white water rafting with my friends, I _______ down the Colorado River right now.
a. should have floated 	b. must be floating
c. would be floating 	d. would have been floating
2.You _______ touch that switch, whatever you do.
a. mustn't 	b. needn't 	c. won't 	d. wouldn't
3.Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
a. mustn't 	b. couldn't 	c. can't 	d. needn't
4.You _______ be rich to be a success. Some of the most successful people I know haven't got a penny to their name.
a. needn't 	b. couldn't 	c. mayn't 	d. mustn't 
5.- Oh no! I completely forgot we were supposed to pick Jenny up at the airport this morning.
 - She _______ there waiting for us
a. needn't sit 	b. might still sit 	 c. must still be sitting 	d. should have sat
6.Jane often wears beautiful new clothes. She _______ be very rich.
a. must 	b. could 	c. might 	d. needn’t
7.Those letters ________ now. You can do the typing later.
a. need typing 	 	b. needn't be typed 	c. need to type 	 d. needn't typing
8.The museum is open to everybody. It ________ between 9am and 5pm.
a. visits	b. visited 	c. can visit 	 d. can be visited
9.The train ________ by bad weather. I am not sure.
a. might delay 	b. might be delaying
c. might have delayed 	d. might have been delayed
10.The room ________ once a day.
a. should clean 	b. should be cleaning
c. should be cleaned 	d. should have cleaned
11.Two tablets ________ twice a day to have you recover from the illness quickly.
a. must take 	b. must be taken 	c. must have taken 	 d. must be taking
12.Theresa walked past me without saying a word. She ________ me.
a. can't have seen 	b. can't see	c. can't have been seen 	d. can be seen
13.I think the match ________. Everybody's gone into the stadium and you can hear them cheering. 
a. was started 	b. will be started 	 c. must started 	d. must have started
14.We found the exam extremely easy. We ________ so hard.
a. needn't study 	b. needn't be studying
c. needn't have studied 	d. needn't have been studied
15.There is plenty of money in our account so those cheques ________ to the bank today.
a. needn't be taken	 b. needn't be taking	 c. needn't take 	d. needn't taking
16.The picnic ________ because Peter has just had a traffic accident.
a. will cancel 	b. will be cancelling 
c. will be cancelled 	d. will have cancelled
17.The room is too dirty. It ________ now.
a. should clean 	b. should have cleaned
c. should be cleaning 	d. should be being cleaned
18.The situation ________ to continue.
a. cannot allow 	b. cannot be allowed c. cannot have allowed 	d. cannot be allowing
19.The machine ________ on by pressing this switch.
a. can turn 	b. can be turned 	c. must turn 	d. should be turning
20.Everybody agrees that no more staff ________.
a. should employ 	b. should not be employed
c. will not be employed 	d. will he employed
21.Things ________ clear to them so that they can do the work in the way that you have told them. 
a. are making 	b. ought to be made c. have made 	d. needn't be made
22.Cigarettes ________ at a bakery.
a. most buy 	b. cannot buy 	 	c. cannot be bought 	d. should not buy
23.The next meeting ________ in May.
a. will hold 	b. will be held 	c. will be holding 	d. will have held
24.________ in simpler words?
a. Has this issue expressed 	b. Can't this issue express
c. Can this issue express 	d. Couldn't this issue be expressed
25.All traffic laws ________.
a. is observed 	b. must be observed c. must have observed 	d. had better observe
26.Tomatoes ________ before they are completely ripe.
a. can be picked 	b. can pick 	c. needn't pick 	d. should be picking
27.This letter ________, not handwritten.
a. should be typing 	b. should be typed 	c. needn't type 	d. needn't be typed
28.The lamp _______ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
a. should not 	b. might not 	c. must not 	d. will not
29.The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged 	b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged 	d. ought not be damaged
30.Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _______ exhausted after such a long flight now. 
a. must be	 b. must be being c. must have been 	 d. should have been
TEST FOR UNIT 11: BOOKS - No : 01
PRONUNCIATION
Choose the word whose main stress is put on a different syllable from that of the others in the group. 
1. 	A. biography 	B. impressive 	C. scientific 	D. imaginary 
Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the others in the group. 	 
2.	A. novel 	B. notice 	C. noble 	D. November 
3.	A. swallow 	B. wallet 	C. allow 	D. wallow 
4.	A. chew 	B. news 	C. few	 D. view 
5.	A. source 	B. course 	C. courtesy 	D. fought
GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY 
Choose the word or p