Bài ôn tập môn Tiếng Anh Lớp 12 - Bài 7: Synonyms & antonyms-Từ đồng nghĩa trái nghĩa

BÀI 7. SYNONYMS & ANTONYMS - TỪ ĐỒNG NGHĨA TRÁI NGHĨA
Exercise 1. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. 
1. The film is not worth seeing. The plot is too dull.
 A. simple	B. complicated	C. boring	D. slow
2. In rural Midwestern towns of the USA, the decisions that affect most residents are made at general assemblies in schools and churches.
 A. concerts	B. public libraries	C. gatherings 	D. prayer services
3. I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
 A. honor 	 	B. advantage 	C. favor 	D. right
4. Everything was in a thorough mess.
 A. utter 	 	B. full 	C. complete 	D. appalling
5. The service station at Shiel Bridge has a good range of groceries.
 A. coach station 	B. railway station 	C. power station 	D. petrol station
6. He didn’t bat an eye when he realized he failed the exam again.
 A. didn’t want to see	B. didn’t show surprise C. wasn’t happy	D. didn’t care
7. The notice should be put in the most conspicuous place so that all the students can be well-informed. 
 A. easily seen 	B. beautiful	C. popular	D. suspicious
8. If the headmaster were here, he would sign your papers immediately.
	A. right ahead 	B. currently 	C. formerly D. right away
9. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems, of which obtaining water is not the least.
	A. controlling 	B. storing 	C. purifying D. getting
10. Thirty minutes after the accident, the captain still refused to abandon the burning ship.
	A. sail 	B. get on 	C. leave D. come to
11. It will be fine tomorrow. But if it should rain tomorrow, the match will be postponed.
 A. taken off 	B. sold off 	C. put off	 D. turned off
12. Many scientists agree that global warming poses great threats to all species on Earth.
	A. annoyance 	B. risks	C. irritations D. fears
13. The works of such men as the English philosophers John Locke and Thomas Hobbes helped pave the way for academic freedom in the modern sense.
	A. initiate	B. lighten	C. terminate 	D. prevent
14. E-cash cards are the main means of all transactions in a cashless society.
	A. cash-free	B. cash-starved	C. cash-strapped 	D. cash-in-hand
15. For a long term period, Lizzie Magie has been battling against the vicissitudes of life.
 A. mutability 	B. caprice 	C. ups and downs 	D. determination 
16. The aim of University education is to inure students to hardship, trials and adverse situations in life. 
 A. accustom 	B. obliterate 	C. shun 	D. estrange.
17. Those girls are totally unaware that they are being made use of by this organization.
A. taken for granted B. spoken ill of	C. made fun of	D. taken advantage of
18. In life, Ray always gives me a hand with repairing the broken things in my house.
A. assists me by B. asks me to help with	C. pleases me by	D. serves me with
19. I just want to stay at home and watch TV and take it easy. 
 A. sleep 	B. sit down 	C. eat 	D. relax 
20. The rains of 1993 causing the Missouri river to overflow resulted in one of the worst floods of the 20th century. A. stopped 	B. lessened 	C. caused 	D. overcame 
Exercise 2. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. 
1. I’m becoming increasingly absent-minded. Last week, I locked myself out of my house twice. 
	A. being considerate of things 	B. remembering to do right things 
C. forgetful of one’s past 	D. often forgetting things 
2. For calculating a calendar, it is convenient to use the tropical solar year.
A. practical	B. critical	C. necessary	D. appropriate
3. The medical community continues to make progress in the fight against cancer.
A. speed	B. expect more 	C. do better 	D. treat better
4. As all of us cannot be available today, let's put off the discussion till later.
 A. present for the event	 	B. scheduled for the event 
	C. arranged for the event 	D. appointed for the event
5. As the enemy forces were so overwhelming, our troops had to retreat to a safer position. 
A. powerful 	B. dreadful 	C. overflowing 	D. outgrowing 
6. We oppose this war, as we would do any other war which created an environmental catastrophe. 
A. pollution 	B. disaster 	C. convention 	D. epidemic
7. Relaxation therapy teaches one not to fret over small problems. 
A. get involved in	B. worry about	C. look for	D. get angry about
8. The 1923 earthquake in Japan killed about 200,000 people and left countless wounded and homeless.
A. poor 	B. imprisoned 	C. suffered 	D. injured
9. The bomb exploded in the garage; fortunately no one hurt.
A. put on	 B. went off 	C. got out 	D. kept up
10. The service station at Shiel Bridge has a good range of groceries.
A. coach station 	B. railway station 	C. power station 	D. petrol station
11. They had to delay their trip because of the bad weather.
A. get through 	B. put off 	C. keep up with 	D. go over
12. The organization was established in 1950 in the USA.
A. come around 	B. set up 	C. made out 	D. put on
13. It took me a very long time to recover from the shock of her death.
A. turn off 	B. take on 	C. get over 	D. keep up with
14. Many young children are spending large amounts of time watching the TV without being aware of its detriment to their school work. 
A. harm 	B. advantage 	C. support 	D. benefit 
15. To prepare for your job interview, you should jot down your qualifications and experience as well as some important information about yourself.
A. draw 	B. place 	C. put 	D. write
16. The girls were deeply affected by that sentimental movie.
	 A. influenced	B. sad	C. touched 	D. annoyed
17. Helen Keller, blind and deaf from an early age, developed her sense of smell so finely that she could identify friends by their personal odors.
A. classify	B. communicate with	C. describe	D. recognize
18. The life boat rescued the crew of the sinking ship. 
A. picked up	B. provided food for	C. saved the life of	D. looked for
19. The most important thing is to keep yourself occupied.
	A. busy	B. comfortable	C. free	D. relaxed
20. You can withdraw money from the account at any time without penalty.
	A. loss	B. charge	C. punishment	D. offense
Exercise 3. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. 
Be careful! The tree is going to fall.
A. Look out 	B. Look up 	C. Look on 	D. Look after
2. He did not particularly want to play any competitive sport.
A. use up	 	B. do with 	C. take up 	D. go on
3. I just want to stay at home and watch TV and take it easy. 
 A. sleep 	B. sit down 	C. eat 	D. relax 
4. The meteorologist said on TV that it is supposed to rain all day tomorrow. 
 A. astronomer 	B. TV anchor 	C. TV weatherman 	D. fortune teller 
5. In the end her neighbour decided to speak his mind. 
 A. say exactly what he thought 	B. say a few words 
 C. have a chat 	D. are given the right to 
6. I'm sorry. I didn't mean to interrupt you. Please, go on and finish what you were saying.
A. talk 	B. quit 	C. continue 	D. stop
7. The crew divided the life preservers among the twenty terrified passengers as the ship began to sink. 	
 A. exhausted 	B. surprised 	C. frightened 	D. excited 
8. Most deserts are enormous sandy areas.	
A. mysterious 	B. narrow 	C. immense 	D. aerial
9. The repeated commercials on TV distract many viewers from watching their favourite films.
 A. advertisements	B. contests	C. businesses	D. economics
10. As tourism is more developed, people worry about the damage to the flora and fauna of the island.
 A. fruits and vegetables	B. flowers and trees C. plants and animals	D. mountains and forests
11. It is such a prestigious university that only excellent students are entitled to a full scholarship each year.
 A. have the obligation to	B. have the right to refuse 
 C. are refused the right to 	D. are given the right to
12. In the future many large corporations will be wiped out and millions of jobs will be lost.
A. companies 	B. services 	C. supermarkets 	D. farms
13. Few businesses are flourishing in the present economic climate.
	A. growing well	B. setting up	C. closing down 	D. taking off
14. Being listed as an endangered species can have negative effect since it could make a species more desirable for collectors and poachers.
A. awareness 	B. preservation 	C. support 	D. impact
15. My mom is always bad-tempered when I leave my room untidy. 
 A. feeling embarrassed 	B. talking too much 
 C. very happy and satisfied 	D. easily annoyed or irritated 
16. We really appreciate your help, without which we couldn’t have got our task done in time. 
 A. feel thankful for 	B. depreciate 	C. require 	D. are proud of 
17. The Bali Tiger was declared extinct in 1937 due to hunting and habitat loss.
A. reserve 	B. generation 	C. natural environment D. diversity
18. It is found that endangered species are often concentrated in areas that are poor and densely populated, such as much of Asia and Africa.
A. disappeared 	B. increased 	C. threatened 	D. reduced
19. Many species have become extinct each year before biologists can identify them.
A. destroy 	B. drain 	C. endanger 	D. discover
20. During the earthquake, a lot of buildings collapsed, which killed thousands of people. 
A. went off accidentally 	B. fell down unexpectedly C. exploded suddenly 	D. erupted violently 
Exercise 4. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that is CLOSEST in meaning to the underlined part in each of the following questions. 
1. I hope to have the privilege of working with them again.
A. honor 	B. advantage 	C. favor 	D. right
2. Everything was in a thorough mess.
A. utter 	B. full 	C. complete 	D. appalling
3. The service station at Shiel Bridge has a good range of groceries.
A. coach station 	B. railway station 	C. power station 	D. petrol station
4. Humans depend on species diversity to provide food, clean air and water, and fertile soil for agriculture.
A. raise 	B. produce 	C. supply 	D. reserve
5. Many schools provide environmental education to increase students' awareness of conservation needs.
A. effort 	B. benefit 	C. exploitation 	D. knowledge
6. You must answer the police’s questions truthfully; otherwise, you will get into trouble. 
A. exactly as things really happen 	B. with a negative attitude 
C. in a harmful way 	D. as trustingly as you can 
7. She got up late and rushed to the bus stop.
A. came into 	B. went leisurely 	C. went quickly 	D. dropped by
8. The meteorologist said on TV that it is supposed to rain all day tomorrow. 
A. astronomer 	B. TV anchor 	C. TV weatherman D. fortune teller 
9. Billy, come and give me a hand with cooking.
A. help 	B. prepared 	C. be busy 	D. attempt
10. Whenever problems come up, we discuss them frankly and find solutions quickly.
A. happen 	B. encounter 	C. arrive 	D. clean
11. It will take more or less a month to prepare for the wedding.
A. approximately 	B. generally 	C. frankly 	D. simply
12. Mr. Pike held his wife's hands and talked urgently to her in a low voice, but there didn't seem to be any response. A. feeling 	B. emotion 	C. reply 	D. effect
13. My uncle, who is an accomplished guitarist, taught me how to play.
 A. skillful	 B. famous	C. perfect D. modest
14. After many year of unsuccessfully endeavoring to form his own orchestra, Glenn Miller finally achieved world fame in 1939 as a big band leader. 
A. requesting	B. trying	C. offering	D. deciding
15. Professor Berg was very interested in the diversity of cultures all over the world.
A. variety 	B. changes 	C. conservation 	D. number 
16. Women liberated from child care can pursue their own interests.
 A. leisure with	 B. burdened with	 C. having fun with	D. freed from
17. I didn't think his comments were very appropriate at the time.
A. correct 	B. right 	C. exact 	D. suitable
18. It was inevitable that the smaller company should merge with the larger. 
A. urgent	B. unavoidable	C. important	D. necessary
19. This is the instance where big, obvious non-verbal signals are appropriate.
A. situation	B. attention 	C. place 	D. matter
20. When you are in a restaurant, you can raise your hand slightly to show that you need assistance.
A. bill	 	B. menu 	C. help 	D. food
Exercise 5. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the italic part in each of the following questions.
1. We ought to keep these proposals secret from the chairman for the time being.
	A. lively	B. frequented	C. accessible	D. revealed
2. They have not made any effort to integrate with the local community.
 A. cooperate	 	B. put together	C. separate	D. connect
3. There has been insufficient rainfall over the past two years, and farmers are having trouble.
 A. adequate	 B. unsatisfactory	C. abundant	D. dominant
4. Now, when so many frogs were killed, there were more and more insects.
	A. lesser and lesser	B. fewer and fewer	C. lesser and fewer	D. less and less
5. The young are now far more materialistic than their precedents years ago.
A. monetary	B. greedy	C. spiritual	D. object - oriented
6. One of the key to successful business is careful planning.
A. falling	B. victorious	C. faulty	D. impossible
7. Mr. Smith’s new neighbors appear to be very friendly.
 A. amicable	B. inapplicable	C. hostile	D. futile
8. The clubs meet on the last Thursday of every month in a dilapidated palace.
 A. renovated	B. regenerated	C. furnished	D. neglected
9. His extravagant ideas were never brought to fruition.
 A. impressive 	B. exaggerated 	C. unacceptable 	D. practical
10. This shouldn’t be too taxing for you.
 A. comfortable 	B. demanding 	C. easy 	D. relaxing
11. The Germany’s war hysteria has accounted for its people’s hostility towards foreigners. 
 A. disease 	B. ceremony 	C. malaria 	D. serenity .
12. He was ostracize by his colleagues for refusing to support the strike.
 A. crucify 	B. include 	C. patronize 	D. lionize. 
13. Population growth rates vary among regions and even among countries within the same region.
	A. fluctuate	B. stay unchanged	C. restrain	D. remain unstable
14. She could not hide her dismay at the result.
 A. disappointment        	B. depression            	C. happiness              D. pessimism
15. Certain courses are compulsory; others are optional.
 A. voluntary 	B. free 	C. pressure 	D. mandatory
16. We offer a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24 hours.
 A. uninterested 	B. unsure 	C. slow 	D. open
17. The Red Cross is an international humanitarian agency dedicated to reducing the sufferings of wounded soldiers, civilians and prisoners of war. 
 A. worry and sadness 	B. pain and sorrow 	C. loss 	D. happiness
18. After five days on trial, the court found him innocent of the crime and he was released
 A. innovative	B. naùve	C. guilty	D. benevolent
19. Mr. Brown is a very generous old man. He has given most of his wealth to a charity organization.
 A. hospitable	B. honest	C kind	D. mean
20. In the first two decades of its existence, the cinema developed rapidly.
 A. leisurely	B. sluggishly	C. weakly	D. shortly
Exercise 6. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the word or phrase that is OPPOSITE in meaning to the italic part in each of the following questions.
1. The earth is being threatened and the future looks bad.
	A. done	B. made	C. defended	D. varied
2. Thousands are going starving because of the failure of this year's harvest.
A. hungry	B. poor	C. rich	D. full
3. I’d like to pay some money into my bank account.
A. withdraw some money from	B. put some money into 
C. give some money out 	D. leave some money aside
4. We offer a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24 hours.
	A. uninterested	B. unsure	C. open	D. slow
5. The International Organizations are going to be in a temporary way in the country.
A. permanent	B. guess	C. complicated	C. soak
6. My little daughter would spend an inordinate amount of time in the shop, deciding exactly which 4 comics she was going to buy.  
A. excessive 	B. limited 	C. required	D. abundant
7. About 95 percent of all animals are invertebrates which can live anywhere, but most, like the starfish and crabs, live in the ocean. 
A. with backbones	 	B. with ribs	 	C. without ribs	D. without backbones
8. He had never experienced such discourtesy towards the president as it occurred at the annual meeting in May. A. politeness	B. rudeness	C. measurement	D. encouragement
9. We offer a speedy and secure service of transferring money in less than 24 hours.
	A. uninterested	B. unsure	C. open	D. slow
10. Why are you being so arrogant? 
A. snooty 	B. humble 	C. cunning 	D. naive 
11. His policies were beneficial to the economy as a whole. 
A. harmless 	B. crude 	C. detrimental 	D. innocent 
12. The doctor advised Peter to give up smoking.
A. stop	B. continue	C. finish	D. consider
13. Advanced students need to be aware of the important of collocation
A. of high level	B. of great important	C. of low level	D. of steady progress
14. Fruit and vegetables grew in abundance on the island. The islanders even exported the surplus. 
A. excess 	B. large quantity 	C. small quantity 	D. sufficiency 
15. There is growing concern about the way man has destroyed the environment. 
A. attraction 	B. consideration 	C. ease 	D. speculation 
16. The bank announced that it was to merge with another of the high street banks. 
A. associate 	B. separate 	C. cooperate 	D. assemble 
17. He had never experienced such discourtesy towards the president as it occurred at the annual meeting in May.	A. politeness	B. rudeness	C. measurement	D. encouragement
18. Affluent families find it easier to support their children financially.
	A. Wealthy	B. Well-off	C. Privileged	D. Impoverished
19. She had a cozy little apartment in Boston.
	A. uncomfortable	B. dirty	C. lazy	D. warm
20. A frightening number of illiterate students are graduating from college.
A. able to read and write	B. able to join intramural sport
C. inflexible	D. unable to pass an examination in reading and writing