Tổng hợp đề thi môn Tiếng Anh - Thi thử Đại học năm học 2013-2014 - Đề số 109 (Có đáp án)

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SỞ GD & ĐT ------- 
TRƯỜNG THPT ------------ 
(Đề thi gồm 07 trang) 
ĐỀ THI THỬ ĐẠI HỌC NĂM HỌC 2013 - 2014 
MÔN TIẾNG ANH – ĐỀ SỐ 109 
Thời gian làm bài 90 phút 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word for each of the 
blanks. 
Looking for an unforgettable way to celebrate that special occasion? Well, the (1)__of options open today’s 
youngster – or even “ oldster” for that matter, is a far cry from the traditional party or restaurant visit. No longer is it 
(2)__sufficient to invite your friends round , buy some food and get a barker to produce a cake. No, today’s birthday boy 
or girl is looking for something out of the ordinary, ranging from the (3)__ expensive to the downright dangerous. 
Anything goes, as long as it is unusual and impressive. 
Top of this year ‘s popular (4)__are as follows: taking some friends rally driving , helicopter lessons, plane trip 
and parachuting , and hot air ballooning . Then there is always group bungee jumping or taking your buddies on a stomach 
– churning , while water rafting (5)__down rapids. 
The desire of adventurous celebration is not restricted to the (6)__. I recently met an octogenarian who celebrated 
(7)__the milestone of eighty by having a fly lesson. 
Of course, if you have money the world is your oyster. A very rich relation of mine flew fifty of his friends to a 
Caribbean island to mark the passing of his half century. Unfortunately I was only a (8)__relation. 
Undoubtedly, the more traditional forms of celebration do continue to (9)__the less extravagant or less adventurous 
among us. However, with my own half century looming on the horizon I would not say no to a weekend in Paris and a 
meal at the Eiffel Tower. I can (10)__dream. Perhaps by the time I’m eighty I’ll be able to afford it. 
Question 1: A. scale B. degree C. range D. variance 
Question 2: A. hoped B. decided C. marked D. considered 
Question 3: A. perfectly B. dearly C. outrageously D. explicity 
Question 4: A. experiments B. extravagances. C. exposures D. expenses 
Question 5: A. ride B. travel C. voyage D. crossing 
Question 6: A. adolescents B. teenagers C. youth D. young 
Question 7: A. attaining B. arriving C. reaching D. getting 
Question 8: A. distant B. remote C. faraway D. slight 
Question 9: A. pacify B. satisfy C. distract D. absorb 
Question 10:A. however B. but C. nevertheless D. anyway 
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the rest in the position of the main 
stress in each of the following questions. 
Question 11: A. invalid B. predict C. pretend D. preface 
Question 12: A. mausoleum B. conservative C. disqualify D. magnificant 
Question 13: A. nuclear B. province C. construct D. complex 
Question 14: A. literacy B. contingency C. ceremony D. sanctuary 
Question 15: A. optimist B. accuracy C. continent D. artificial 
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word or phrase that could best replace the underlined 
part without changing the meaning of the sentence 
Question 16: Hypertension is one of the most widespread and potential dangerous diseases 
A. colossal B. popular C. common D. scattered 
Question17 : In the United States, a party can nominate a single candidate for office 
A. refuse B. keep C. change D. name 
Question 18 : The sales of drugs is controlled by law in most of countries 
A. permitted B. restricted C. illegal D. binding 
Question 19: I told you clearly and definitely not to write your answers in pencil, Smith! 
A. considerably B. thoroughly C. altogether D. specificially 
Question 20 : A brief outlined of the course and bibliography were handed out to the students at the first meeting 
A. dispensed B. dispered C. distributed D. contributed 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of 
the following questions 
One of the seven wonders of the ancient world, the Great Pyramid of Giza was a monument of wisdom and 
prophecy built as a tomb for Pharaoh Cheops in 2720 B.C . Despite its antiquity, certain aspects of its construction makes 
it one of the truly wonders of the world. The thirteen- acre structure near the Nile river is a solid mass of stone blocks 
covered with limestone. Inside are the number of hidden passageways and the burial chamber of the Pharaoh. It is the 
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largest single structure in the world. The four sides of the pyramid are aligned almost exactly on true north, south, east and 
west-an incredible engineering feat. The ancient Egyptians were sun worshippers and great astronomers, so computations 
for the Great Pyramid were based on astronomical observations. 
Explorations and detailed examinations of the base of the structure reveal many intersecting lines. Further 
scientific study indicates that these represent a type of timeline of events – past, present and future. . Many of the events 
have been interpreted and found to coincide with known facts of the past. Others are prophesied for future generations and 
are currently under investigation. Many believe that pyramids have supernatural powers and this one is no exception. 
Some researchers even associate it with extraterrestrial beings of ancient past. 
Was this superstructure made by ordinary beings, or one built by a race far superior to any known today? 
Question 21: What has research of the base revealed? 
A. there are cracks in the foundation B. Tomb robbers have stolen the Pharaoh’s body 
C. The lines represent important events D. A superior race of people built in 
Question 22: Extraterrestrial beings are___. 
A. very strong workers B. astronomers in the ancient times 
C. researchers in Egyptology D. living beings from other planets 
Question 23: What was the most probable reason for providing so many hidden passages 
A. To allow the weight of the pyramid to settle evenly B. To permit the high priests to pray at night 
B. To enable the Pharaoh’s family to bring food for his journey to the afterlife 
D. To keep grave robbers from finding the tomb and the treasure buried with the pharaoh 
Question 24: The word feat in the first paragraph is closet in meaning to ____. 
A. accomplishment B. Appendage C. festivity D. structure 
Question 25: What do the intersecting lines in the base symbolize? 
A. Architects’plan for the hidden passages B. Pathways of the great solar bodies 
C. Astrological computations D. Dates of important events taking place throughout time 
Question 26 : In the second passage , the word ‘ prophesied’ is closest in meaning to ____. 
A. affiliated B. precipitated C. terminated D. foretold 
Question 27: What is the best title for the passage? 
A. Symbolism of the Great Pyramid B. Problems with the Construction of the Great Pyramid 
C. Wonders of the Great Pyramid of Giza D. Exploration of the Burial Chamber of Cheops 
Question 28: On what did the ancient Egyptians base their calculations? 
 A. Observation of the celestial bodies B. Advanced technology 
 C. Advanced tools of measurement D. knowledge of the earth’s surface 
Question 29: Why was the Great Pyramid constructed? 
 A. As a solar observatory B. As a religious temple 
 C. As a tomb for the Pharaoh D. as an engineering feat 
Question 30: Why is the Great Pyramid of Giza considered one of the seven wonders of the world? 
A.it is perfectly aligned with the four cardinal points of the compass and contains many prophecies 
B. It was selected of the tomb of Pharaoh Cheops C. It was built by a super race D. It is very old 
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following question 
Question 31 :Nobody could have predicted that the show would arouse so much interest and that over two hundred people 
___ away. A. would have turned B. would turn C. had been turned D. would have to be turned 
Question 32: ___ he was good at physics in lower grade, he was terrible at it in grade 12 
A. While B. Although C. When D. Except that 
Question 33: It is better to try to work ___ rather than against Nature 
A. for B. with C. by D. along 
Question 34: In the years ___ all the trees will disappear if nothing is done to protect them 
A. come B. coming C. to come D. will come 
Question 35: Large numbers of Americans watch and participate in sports activities, ___ a deeply in grained part of 
American life. A. which is B. which are C. that is D. that makes 
Question 36: The accused ___ guilty to all charges. 
A. pleaded B. admitted C. said D. confessed 
Question 37: Mrs. Archer is known ___ the finest collection of twentieth century art in private hands 
A. as have B. having C. by having D. to have 
Question 38: Mark is nearsighted. He ___ glasses ever since he was ten years old 
A. should have worn B. must wear C. need wear D. has had to wear 
Question 39: I like your new car. What ___ is it? 
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A. brand B. name C. label D. make 
Question 40: It___ able to finish it in an hour. 
A. couldn’t be too hard if you are B. can’t have been too hard if you were 
C. can’t have been too hard if you had been D. couldn’t be too hard if you had been 
Question 41 : “ Let’s have supper now. “ -“______” 
A. You aren’t eating B. I won’t C. There aren’t any D. Bill isn’t here 
Question 42: ___ an emergency arise, call 911 
A. Should B. Can C. Does D. Will 
Question 43: ___ in business, one must be prepared to take risks 
A. Succeeding B. Success C. To succeed D. Succeed 
Question 44: I don’t like this wine. I like ___. 
A. some other B. another C. other D. the other 
Question 45: The house is found ___ down 
A. to burn B. burning C. having burned D. to have been burned 
Question 46: Please look through these papers ___ your pleasure 
A. on B. in C. for D. at 
Question 47: Only in the last few days ___ to repair the swimming pool 
A. anything has been done B. has done anything C. has anything been done D. has there anything been done 
Question 48: “Hello, I’d like to speak to Mr. Green, please “ – “______” 
A. Sorry, can you say that again? B. I’m sorry, I’ll call again later 
C. I’m afraid I don’t know D. Let’s wait 
Question 49 : ___ percent in the population of Canada speak English? 
A. How many B. How much C. What D. Which 
Question 50 : ‘’ Would you mind turning down your stereo ?’’ - “______” 
A. I’m really sorry! I ‘m not paying attention B. Oh! I’m sorry! I didn’t realize that 
C. No. I don’t D. Yes, I do 
Question 51: His job is ___. A. driving a bus B. a bus driver C. bus driving D. a driver of a bus 
Question 52:” I locked myself out of my apartment. I didn’t know what to do” -“ You ___ your roommate” 
A. need have called B. could have called C. would have called D. must have called 
Question 53:Granny is completely deaf. You’ll have to ___ allowance for her 
A. bring B. take C. make D. find 
Question 54: Those trousers are far too big. Why don’t you have them___? 
A. taken on B. taken in C. taken over D. taken out 
Question 55: Lack of exercise and high-fat diets have ___ to be the factor in heart attack 
A. known been long B. long been known C. long known been D. been long known 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A,B,C, D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of 
the following questions . 
Baseball evolved from a number of different ball-and stick games (paddle ball, trap ball, one-old-cat, rounders, 
and town ball) originating in England. As early as the American Revolution. It was noted that troops played “baseball” in 
their free time. In 1845 Alexander Cartwright formalized the New York Knickerbockers’ version of the game: a diamond 
shaped infield, with bases ninety feet apart, three strikers – you’re – out , batter out on a caught ball , three outs per inning 
, a nine man team. “The New York Game” spread rapidly , replacing earlier localized forms. From its beginnings, baseball 
was seen as a way of satisfying the recreational needs of an increasingly urban – industrial society. At its inception it was 
it was played by and for gentlemen. A club might consists of 40 members. The president would appoint two captains who 
would choose teams from among the members. Games were played on Monday and Thursday afternoons, with the losers 
often providing a lavish evening’s entertainments for the winners 
 During the 1850- 70 period the game was changing, however, with increasing commercialism (charging 
admission), under – the – table payments to exceptional to players, and gambling on the outcome of games. By 1868 it 
was said that a club would have their regular professional ten, an amateur first - nine , and their” muffins “ (the gently 
duffers who once ran the game) . Beginning with the first openly all – salaried team (Cincinnati’s Red Stocking Club) in 
1869, the 1870- 1890 period saw the complete professionalization of baseball, including formation of the National 
Association of Professional baseball players in 1871. The National League of Professional Baseball Clubs was formed in 
1876, run by business-minded invertors in joint-stock company clubs. The 1880s has been called Major League Baseball’s 
“Golden Age”. Profits soared, player’s salaries rose somewhat, a season of 84 games became one of 132, a weekly 
periodical “ The sporting News” came into being, wooden stadiums with double-deck stands replaced open fields, and the 
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standard refreshment became hot dogs, soda pop and peanuts. In 1900 the Western League based in the growing cities of 
the Mid-west proclaimed itself the American League. 
Question 56: What is the passage mainly about? 
A. the origin of baseball B. the commercialization of baseball 
C. the influence of the “New York Game” on baseball D. the development of baseball in the nineteenth century 
Question 57: Which of the following can be inferred from the passage? 
A. the wealthy gentlemen who first played baseball, later needed to find another recreational opportunity if they did not 
want to mix with other or become a “muffin” 
B. hot dogs would not have become as popular as they did, without the professionalism and commercialism that develop 
in baseball C. the “New York “spread rapidly because it was better formalized 
D. business – minded investors were only interested in profits 
Question 58: The word “ inception” in line 8 is closest in meaning to ____. 
A. requirements B. beginning C. insistence D. rules 
Question 59: The word “ lavish “ in line 11 is closest in meaning to____. 
A. prolonged B. very generous C. grand D. extensive 
Question 60: Which of the following is true of the way the game was played by wealthy gentlemen at its inception? 
A. a team might consist of 40 members B. the president would choose teams from among the members 
C. they didn’t play on weekend D. they might be called “duffers” if they didn’t make the first nine 
Question 61 : According to the second paragraph , all of the following are true except____. 
A. commercialism became more prosperous B. the clubs are smaller 
C. outstanding players got extra income D. people gamed on the outcome of games 
Question 62 : Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a feature of the 1880s “ Golden Age”? 
A. wooden stadiums replaced open fields B. a weekly periodical commenced 
C. the National Association of Professional Baseball Players was formed D. profits soared 
Question 63: The word” somewhat” in line 21 is closest in meaning to ____. 
A. to a significant extent B. to a minor extent C. to not the same extent D. to some extent 
Question 64: The word “itself” in line 24 refers to____. 
A. the Western League B. growing cities C. the Midwest D. the American League 
Question 65: Where in the passage does the author first mention payments to players? 
A. lines 4-7 B. lines 8-10 C. lines 11-14 D. 15- 18 
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part following that needs correcting 
Question 66 : At the rate the clerks were processing the applications. Joe figured that it will take four hours for his to be 
reviewed A B C D 
Question 67: Professor Layton was equally fond of the two children, but he had to admit that he found the youngest an 
easier child to handle A B C D 
Question 68: In order to become a law, a bill must be passed not only by the Senate but also the House of Representatives 
 A B C D 
Question 69: Automobile began to be equipped by built-in radios around 1930 
 A B C D 
Question 70: The Oxford University Publisher has just published a new series of readers for students of English 
 A B C D 
Mark the letter A,B,C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the 
following questions 
Question 71: Had he known more about the internet, he would have invested in some computer companies 
A. Knowing about the internet help him invest in some computer company 
B. He didn’t know much about the internet and he didn’t invest in any computer companies 
C. Knowing about the internet , he would have invested in some computer companies 
D. He would have invested in some computer companies without his knowledge of the internet 
Question 72: You should have persuaded him to change his mind 
 A. It was essential to persuade him to change his mind but you didn’t B. You should persuade him to change his mind 
 C. You persuade him to change his mind but he didn’t D. You didn’t persuade him to change because of his mind 
Question 73: It would have been better if he had told us his new address 
A. He might have told us his new address B. He should have told us his new address 
C. He should have told us his new address D. It doesn’t matter that he didn’t tell us his new address 
Question 74: Tom regrets to say that he has left his tickets at home 
A. Tom regrets leaving the tickets at home B. Tom was sorry that he has left the tickets at home 
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C. Tom wishes he hadn’t left the ticket at home D. Tom regrets to leave the ticket at home 
Question 75: It is such a wonderful opportunity that we mustn’t miss it 
A. It is too wonderful an opportunity for us to miss B. The opportunity is wonderful enough for us to miss 
C. It is a wonderful opportunity so that we can’t miss it 
D. The opportunity is so wonderful that we are not able to afford it 
Question 76: “ Cigarette?” he asked . “ No, thanks.” I said 
A. He asked for a cigarette and I immediately refused B. He mentioned a cigarette, so I thanked him 
C. He offered me a cigarette and I promptly declined D. He asked if I was smoking, and I denied at once 
Question 77: “Can I see your ticket please”” 
A. The inspector asked to see my ticket B. The inspector offered to see my ticket 
C. The inspector expected to see my ticket D. The inspector asked for my ticket 
Question 78: Only customers with coupons may use the service 
A. The service is available for coupons only B. The service is restricted to customers in possession of coupons 
C. Only rich customers can use the service with coupons D. Only customers with coupons are service here 
Question 79: Don’t let her treat you like that 
A. You are not let be treated like that by her B. Don’t allow you to be treated like that 
C. Don’t let yourself be treated like that by her D. She doesn’t treat you like that 
Question 80: She has lost her appetite recently 
A. She hasn’t had any food recently B. Her appetite has been very good 
C. She has gone off food recently D. She hasn’t eaten a lot of food recently 
------------THE END----------- 
 ĐỀ THI ĐẠI HỌC NĂM 2014 
 Môn thi : Tiếng Anh , khối MÃ A1- D 101 
Thời gian làm bài : 90 phút, không kể thời gian giao đề 
 (Đề thi gồm 06 trang) 
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer that best completes each 
unfinished sentence, substitutes the underlined part, or has a close meaning to the original one 
Question 1: _____ be needed, the water basin would need to be dammed. 
A. Hydroelectric power should 
C. Hydroelectric power 
B. When hydroelectric power 
D. Should hydroelectric power 
Question 2: The replacement of shops such as the groceries’ and chemist’s by cafes_____ the housewives with 
insufficient facilities for shopping. 
A. leave B. have left C. has left D. to have left 
Question 3: Deborah is going to take extra lessons to_____ what she missed while she was away. 
A. catch up on B. cut down on C. put up with D. take up with 
Question 4: Jane: Thank you for a lovely evening. Barbara: _____. 
A. You are welcome B. Have a good day C. Thanks D. Cheer! 
Question 5: I have English classes _____ day - on Mondays, Wednesdays and Fridays. 
A. all other B. each other C. every other D. this and the other 
Question 6: She was _____ she could not say anything. 
A. so surprised at the news that 
C. so surprised of the news that 
B. such surprised at the news that 
D. so that surprised for the news 
Question 7: There is a huge amount of _____ associated with children’s TV shows nowadays. 
A. produce B. manufacturing C. merchandising D. sales 
Question 8: British and Australian people share the same language, but in other respects they are as different as 
_____. 
A. cats and dogs B. chalk and cheese C. salt and pepper D. here and there 
Question 9: It’s essential that every student _____ the exam before attending the course. 
A. pass B. passes C. would pass D. passed 
Question 10: I decided to go to the library as soon as I_____. 
A. finish what I did B. would finish what I did 
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C. finished what I did D. finished what I was doing 
Question 11: _____ in the street yesterday was very friendly. 
A. The mounted police, who I saw 
C. Who is the mounted police I saw 
B. The mounted police I saw whom 
D. The mounted police whom I saw 
Question 12: A washing machine of this type will certainly_____ normal domestic use. 
A. stand up for B. come up with C. get on to D. take down with 
Question 13: “Please speak up a bit more, Jason. You’re hardly loud enough to be heard from the back”, the 
teacher said. 
A. visible B. audible C. edible D. eligible 
Question 14: Ancient Egyptians mummified their dead through the use of chemicals, _____ ancient Peruvians 
did through natural processes. 
A. because B. whereas C. even though D. whether or not 
Question 15: It is very difficult to_____ the exact meaning of an idiom in a foreign language. 
A. convert B. convey C. exchange D. transfer 
Question 16: Issues from price, place, promotion, and product are_____ of marketing strategies planning, 
despite growing calls to expand the range of issues in today’s more complex world. 
A. these that are among the most conventional concerns B. among the most conventional concerns 
C. they are among the most conventional concerns D. those are among the most conventional concerns 
Question 17: Please cut my hair _____ the style in this magazine. 
A. the same length as B. the same length like C. the same long like D. the same long as 
Question 18: Carbon dioxide may be absorbed by trees or water bodies, or it may stay in the atmosphere 
when_____ , while it is only in the atmosphere that chlorofluorocarbons find their home. 
A. by releasing emissions from cars 
C. cars that release emissions 
B. released from car emissions 
D. emissions are released by cars 
Question 19: Half of the children were away from school last week because of_____ of influenza. 
A. a break- out B. a breakthrough C. an outburst D. an outbreak 
Question 20: A: This grammar test is the hardest one we’ve ever had this semester! 
 B: _____ but I think it’s quite easy. 
A. I couldn’t agree more. 
C. You’re right. 
B. I understand what you’re saying. 
D. I don’t see in that way. 
Question 21: So little_____ about mathematics that the lecture was completely beyond me. 
A. I have known B. I knew C. do I know D. did I know 
Question 22: It’s a formal occasion so we’ll have to_____ to the nines- no jeans and pullovers this time! 
A. hitch up B. put on C. wear in D. get dressed up 
Question 23: _____ so aggressive, we’d get on much better. 
A. She was not B. Had she not C. Weren’t she D. If she weren’t 
Question 24: On the second thought, I believe I will go with you to the theater. 
A. Upon reflection 
C. For this time only 
B. After discussing with my wife 
D. For the second time 
Question 25: A: _____. B: Oh, thank you. I just got it yesterday. 
A. When have you got this beautiful dress? 
C. You’ve just bought this beautiful dress, haven’t you? 
B. How a beautiful dress you’re wearing! 
D. That’s a beautiful dress you have on! 
Question 26: I studied English for four years in high school. _____ had trouble talking with people when I was 
traveling in the US. 
A. Therefore, I B. Otherwise, I C. Although I D. However, I 
Question 27: _____ in the atmosphere is the temperature falling below freezing. 
A. Frost is produced 
C. What produces frost 
B. Frost produces 
D. What is frost produced 
Question 28: All_____ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life. 
A. what is needed B. for our needs C. the thing needed D. that is needed 
Question 29: He said that the plane had already left and that I_____ an hour earlier. 
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A. Must have arrived 
C. should have arrived 
B. had to arrive 
D. was supposed to arrive 
Question 30: There seems to be a large _____ between the number of people employed in service industries, 
and those employed in the primary sectors. 
A. discriminate B. discretion C. discrepancy D. distinguish 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct 
word or phrase for each of the blanks from 31- 40 
COULD COMPUTER GAMES BE GOOD FOR YOU AFTER ALL 
In Britain, the average young person now spends more money on games each year than on going to the 
cinema or renting videos. But is this 31 necessarily a bad thing? For years, newspaper reports have been 32 
saying that children who spend too much time playing computer games become unsociable, bad- tempered, 
even violent as a 33 result. But new research, 34 carried out in both Europe and the USA, suggests that the 
opposite may be true. 
Indeed, playing some of the more complicated games may help people of all ages to improve certain skills. 
Researchers claim that this is because the games 35 make the brain work harder in certain ways, like 36 noticing 
sounds and movements quickly and identifying what they are. The fact that people play the games repeatedly 37 
means that they get a lot of practice in these skills which are therefore likely to become highly developed. 
Social skills may benefit, too. Researchers in Chicago think that fans of first- person shooter games (38 such as) 
 “Counterstrike” are better than non-players when it comes to building trust and co-operation, and that this (39 
helps )them to make good friendships and become strong members of their communities. So rather than (40 
giving) up computer games, perhaps young people need to spend more time on them? 
Question 31. 
Question 32. 
Question 33. 
Question 34. 
Question 35. 
Question 36. 
Question 37. 
Question 38. 
Question 39. 
Question 40. 
A. necessarily 
A. speaking 
A. product 
A. worked 
A. make 
A. realizing 
A. means 
A. in order to 
A. supports 
A. giving 
B. certainly 
B. informing 
B. result 
B. thought 
B. force 
B. noticing 
B. asks 
B. such as 
B. helps 
B. ending 
C. fully 
C. telling 
C. reason 
C. turned 
C. push 
C. imagining 
C. brings 
C. due to 
C. shows 
C. taking 
D. nearly 
D. saying 
D. conclusion 
D. carried 
D. keep 
D. solving 
D. causes 
D. as well as 
D. serves 
D. stopping 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct 
answer to each of the questions from 41 to 50 
A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. 
The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting (truyền đạt) information by use 
of language, communicating with a group or an individual and specialized communication through 
performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant 
or unpleasant, gentle or harsh (chua, chói), by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by 
speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody of the 
utterance. When speaking before a group, a person's tone may indicate uncertainty or fright, confidence or calm. 
At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen, or may belie 
them. Here the participant’s tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive (trực giác) sympathy or 
antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are .usually 
discernible (nhận rõ) by the acute listener. Public performance is a manner of communication that is highly 
specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and /or gesture. The motivation derived from 
the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer's skills, personality, and ability 
to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic (sư phạm) communication. 
Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person's self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. 
Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, outgoing, or 
exuberant (cới mở), to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask 
of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind