8 Bài thi môn Tiếng Anh - Kiểm tra chất lượng ôn thi THPT Quốc gia lần 1 - Năm học 2015-2016 - Sở GD & ĐT Vĩnh Phúc

Trang 1/6 - Mãđề: 152 
SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC 
(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang) 
ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1 
NĂM HỌC 2015-2016 
Môn: TIẾNG ANH 
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề 
Mã đề: 152 
Họ và tên thí sinh: .. Số báo danh: .. 
A. SECTION A: (8 points) 
Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct 
answer to each of the following questions. 
A survey is a study, generally in the form of an interview or a questionnaire, which provides 
information concerning how people think and act. In the United States, the best-known surveys are the 
Gallup poll and the Harris poll. As anyone who watches the news during presidential campaigns knows, 
these polls have become an important part of political life in the United States. 
North Americans are familiar with the many "person on the street" interviews on local television 
news shows. While such interviews can be highly entertaining, they are not necessarily an accurate 
indication of public opinion. First, they reflect the opinions of only those people who appear at a certain 
location. Thus, such samples can be biased in favor of commuters, middle-class shoppers, or factory 
workers, depending on which area the new people select. Second, television interviews tend to attract 
outgoing people who are willing to appear on the air, while they frighten away others who may feel 
intimidated by a camera. A survey must be based on a precise, representative sampling if it is to genuinely 
reflect a broad range of the population. 
In preparing to conduct a survey, sociologists must exercisegreat care in the wording of questions. 
An effective survey question must be simple and clear enough for people to understand it. It must also be 
specific enough so that there are no problems in interpreting the results. Even questions that are less 
structured must be carefully phrased in order to elicitthe type of information desired. Surveys can be 
indispensable sources of information, but only if the sampling is done properly and the questions are 
worded accurately. 
 There are two main forms of surveys: the interview and the questionnaire. Each of these forms of 
survey research has its advantages. An interviewer can obtain a high response rate because people find it 
more difficult to turn down a personal request for an interview than to throw away a written questionnaire. 
In addition, an interviewer can go beyond written questions and probefor a subject's underlying feelings and 
reasons. However, questionnaires have the advantage of being cheaper and more consistent. 
Question 1. According to the passage, the main disadvantage of person-on-the-street interviews is that 
they______. 
 A. are not based on a representative sampling B. reflect political opinions 
 C. are not carefully worded D. are used only on television 
Question 2. According to the passage, one advantage of live interviews over questionnaires is that live 
interviews _____. 
 A. minimize the influence of the researcher B. are easier to interpret 
 C. costless D. can produce more information 
Question 3. The word "precise" is closest in meaning to______. 
 A. accurate B. rational C. required D. planned 
Question 4. According to the reading passage, there are ____ main categories of surveys. 
 A. four B. five C. two D. three 
Question 5. Which word is given definition in the text? 
 A. sampling B. poll C. survey D. interview 
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Question 6. The word "they" refers to ______. 
 A. interviews B. opinions C. news shows D. North Americans 
Question 7. What does the passage mainly discuss? 
 A. The principles of conducting surveys 
 B. The importance of polls in American political life 
 C. Problems associated with interpreting surveys 
 D. The history of surveys in North America 
Question 8. According to paragraph 3, which of the following is most important for an effective survey? 
 A. A sociologist who is able to interpret the results 
 B. Carefully worded questions 
 C. An interviewer's ability to measure respondents' feelings 
 D. A high number of respondents 
Question 9. The word "indispensable" is closest in meaning to______. 
 A. necessary B. complicated C. expensive D. simple 
Question 10. It can be inferred from the passage that one reason that sociologists may become frustrated 
with questionnaires is that______. 
 A. respondents often do not complete and return questionnaires 
 B. questionnaires are expensive and difficult to distribute 
 C. respondents are too eager to supplement questions with their own opinions 
 D. questionnaires are often difficult to read 
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs 
from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 
Question 11.A. transfer B. career C. variety D.afraid 
Question 12.A. surfaces B. temples C. exercises D. pages 
 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate thecorrect 
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. 
Education is more important today than ever before. It helps people acquire the skills they need for such 
everyday (13)_______ as reading a newspaper or managing their money. It also gives them the specialized 
training they may need to (14)_______ for a job or career. For example, a person must meet certain 
educational requirements and obtain a (15)_______ or certificate before he can practice law or medicine. 
Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (16)_______ satisfactory completion of special 
training courses. 
Education is also important (17)_______ it helps people get more out of life. It increases their 
knowledge and understanding of the world. It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interesting 
and enjoyable, (18)_______ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical 
(19)_______ . Such education becomes (20)_______ important as people gain more and more leisure time. 
Education also helps people adjust to change. This habit has become necessary because social changes today 
take place with increasing speed and (21)_______ the lives of more and more people. Education can help a 
person understand these changes and provide him (22)_______ the skills for adjusting to them. 
 Question 13.A. works B. jobs C. actions D. activities 
Question 14.A. do B. prepare C. make D. work 
Question 15.A. license B. card C. diploma D. paper 
Question 16.A. requires B. requiring C. require D. to require 
Question 17.A. therefore B. despite C. although D. because 
Question 18.A. such as B. for instance C. such that D. for example 
Question 19.A. appliance B. equipment C. instrument D. device 
Question 20.A. increased B. increasing C. increase D. increasingly 
Question 21.A. effect B. affect C. affective D. effective 
Question 22.A. with B. for C. in D. to 
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 Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following 
questions. 
Question 23. Her boss fired her, ____made her angry. 
 A. that B. this C. what D. which 
Question 24. You _____ the washing. My sister could have done it for you. 
 A. needn't have done B. couldn't have done C. hadn't to do D. mustn't have done 
Question 25. These school-leavers are looking forward ____ on campus. 
 A. living B. to live C. live D. to living 
Question 26. Would you like to take a gap year before ____ a university? 
 A. filling in B. applying to C. applying for D. filling out 
Question 27. In 1837 the University of Michigan became the first state university ______ by a board of 
regents elected by the voters of the state. 
 A. being controlled B. it was controlled C. to be controlled D. under the control 
Question 28. We all believe that a happy marriage should be ___ mutual love. 
 A. based on B. concerned with C. confided in D. obliged to 
Question 29. By the end of the 21st century, the first car running on the sea water ____. 
 A. will finish B. will be finished C. will have been finished D. will be finishing 
Question 30. -"What a lovely house you have!" - "_____" 
 A. No problem B. Thank you. Hope you will drop in. 
 C. Of course not, it's not costly. D. I think so 
Question 31. _____I get your letter, I will reply to you at once. 
 A. By the time B. As though C. As soon as D. Now that 
Question 32. ____ not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview. 
 A. He was advised B. People advised him C. Advised D. Advising 
Question 33. If Lucy's car ____ down, she would be here right now. 
 A. wouldn't have been B. hadn't broken C. doesn't break D. didn't break 
Question 34. _______the film director, Ben Affleck, was famously left off of the 85th Oscar's Best Director 
list of nominees surprised everyone. 
 A. Although B. What C. Due to D. That 
Question 35. According to ___ people, most animal and plant species on earth will soon die out. 
 A. optimists B. pessimistic C. pessimists D. optimistic 
Question 36. My mother asked me _____ 
 A. which tertiary institution did I choose B. which tertiary institution I choose 
 C. which tertiary institution I would choose D. which tertiary institution will I choose 
Question 37. It is really an ____. 
 A. undergraduate interesting economics course B. economics course interesting undergraduate 
 C. interesting economics undergraduate course D. interesting undergraduate economics course 
Question 38. Not until _____ in my paper ____ to write down my name on it. 
 A. I handed/ that I remembered B. I handed/ did I remember 
 C. did I hand/ did I remember D. did I hand/ I remembered 
Question 39. - ''Did you enjoy the movie yesterday?" - "_____" 
 A. Certainly, I'd be glad to. B. Yes, it is warmer than today. 
 C. Not really. I couldn't follow the story. D. No, I dislike moving. 
Question 40.Is it necessary that I _____ here tomorrow? 
 A.would be B.am being C.were D.be 
Question 41. We received a call from the teacher_______ charge of our course. 
 A. on B. at C. in D. to 
 Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three 
in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 
Question 42.A. powerful B. remember C. obvious D. primary 
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Question 43.A. sacrifice B. impossible C. confident D. interview 
Question 44.A. vacant B. factor C. college D. device 
 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction 
in each of the following questions. 
Question 45.In the future, we willcertainly lead a more healthier life. 
 A. In B. will C. more D. certainly 
Question 46.In the end of the story, Cinderella and the princeget married and live happily together. 
 A. the prince B. In the end C. get married D. happily 
Question 47. Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures. 
 A.furnitures B. a close C. is often D. to make 
Question 48.Either Mr. Anderson orMs Wiggins are going to teach our class today. 
 A. or B. are C. Either D. today 
Question 49. I prefer living in a nuclear familythan a joint one. 
 A. a nuclear family B. one C. than D. living 
 Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the 
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 
Question 50.In the 1980s, TV viewers began to hook up videocassette players to their TVs. 
 A. combine B. stop C. fasten D. connect 
Question 51. Thanks to better health care, there are more and more centenarians nowadays. 
 A. children whose parents can't afford their schooling 
 B. children who die at birth 
 C. people who live 100 years or more 
 D. people who suffer from fatal diseases 
Question 52. These machines are older models and have to be operated by hand. 
 A. manually B. spiritually C. automatically D. mechanically 
Markthe letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the 
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 
Question 53. It's discourteous to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income. 
 A. impolite B. polite C. unacceptable D. rude 
Question 54. One of the reasons why families break up is that parents are always critical of each other. 
 A. unaware B. supportive C. intolerant D. tired 
 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct 
answer to each of the following questions. 
You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions. 
This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them. 
Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others. 
But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does in 
Madagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions. 
 According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understand 
substantially the same "facial language". Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share a 
set of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species. 
Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flung 
places as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles of 
New Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle. Ekman and his colleagues claim that people 
everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness, 
and surprise. There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity of 
emotional displays - the so called display rules. In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught to 
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control emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged to 
express their feelings more openly. Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, to 
some degree , in people's behavior. From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions that 
communicate their feelings. 
 The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too. Very young children pay close attention to 
facial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's 
faces. This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic 
set of human emotions. Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotional 
expressions seem to appear across species boundaries. Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certain 
emotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures. For example, what emotion do you 
suppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while 
in China it can signify surprise. Likewise, a grin on an American face may indicate joy, while on a Japanese 
face it may just as easily mean embarrassment. Clearly, culture influences emotional expressions. 
Question 55. Unlike American children, Asian children are encouraged to _______. 
 A. display their emotions openly B. conceal their positive emotions 
 C. control their emotions D. change their behaviour 
Question 56. The word " evolved" is closest in meaning to _____. 
 A. increased B. reduced C. developed D. simplified 
Question 57. The phrase " this evidence" refers to ______. 
 A. human facial expressions 
 B. the fact that children can control their feelings 
 C. a biological underpinning for humans to express emotions 
 D. the fact that children are good at recognizing others' emotions 
Question 58. Young children _______. 
 A. make amazing progress in controlling their emotions 
 B. take time to control their facial expressions 
 C. are sensitive towards others' emotions 
 D. spend a long time learning to read others' emotions 
Question 59. According to the passage, we respond to others by _________. 
 A. watching their actions B. observing their looks 
 C. observing their emotional expressions D. looking at their faces 
Question 60. The biggest difference lies in __________. 
 A. how often positive emotions are shown B. how emotional responses are controlled 
 C. how intensive emotions are expressed D. how long negative emotions are displayed 
Question 61. Smiles and frowns __________. 
 A. are universal expressions across cultures 
 B. are not popular everywhere 
 C. do not convey the same emotions in various cultures 
 D. have different meanings in different cultures 
Question 62. Paul Ekman is mentioned in the passage as an example of ____________. 
 A. investigators on universal emotional expressions 
 B. researchers on universal language 
 C. researchers who can speak and understand many languages 
 D. lacked many main ingredients 
Question 63. The best title for the passage is ________________. 
 A. ways to control emotional expressions B. cultural universals in emotional expressions 
 C. Human habit of displaying emotions D. review of research on emotional expressions 
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Question 64. Many studies on emotional expressions try to answer whether ______ 
 A. eyebrow raising means the same in Minneapolis and Madagascar. 
 B. different cultures have similar emotional expressions. 
 C. rounding the mouth has the same meaning in Minneapolis and Madagascar. 
 D. raising the eyebrows has similar meaning to rounding the mouth. 
B. SECTION B (2 points) 
I. Finish each of the following sentences in such a way that it means the same as the sentenceprinted 
before it. Write your answers on your answer sheet. 
1.The book is so interesting that it has become the best-seller of this year. 
It is __________________________________________________________________________ 
2. People think that he is an excellent football player. 
He ___________________________________________________________________________ 
3. My mother started cooking for the party two hours ago. 
My mother has _________________________________________________________________ 
4.In spite of the bad weather, they had a wonderful holiday. 
Although ______________________________________________________________________ 
5.“I’m sorry I gave you the wrong number” said Paula to Susan. 
Paula apologized________________________________________________________________ 
II. “Would you like to attend higher education or vocational training after leaving high schools?” 
In about 140 words, write a paragraph about your choice. 
---------THE END-------- 
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SỞ GD&ĐT VĨNH PHÚC 
(Đề thi gồm: 06 trang) 
ĐỀ KTCL ÔN THI THPT QUỐC GIA LẦN 1 
NĂM HỌC 2015-2016 
Môn: TIẾNG ANH 
Thời gian làm bài: 90 phút, không kể thời gian phát đề 
Mã đề: 186 
Họ và tên thí sinh: .. Số báo danh: .. 
SECTION A: (8 points) 
Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) CLOSEST in meaning to the 
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 
Question 1. These machines are older models and have to be operated by hand. 
 A. automatically B. mechanically C. manually D. spiritually 
Question 2.In the 1980s, TV viewers began to hook up videocassette players to their TVs. 
 A. stop B. fasten C. combine D. connect 
Question 3. Thanks to better health care, there are more and more centenarians nowadays. 
 A. people who live 100 years or more 
 B. people who suffer from fatal diseases 
 C. children whose parents can't afford their schooling 
 D. children who die at birth 
Markthe letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word(s) OPPOSITE in meaning to the 
underlined word(s) in each of the following questions. 
Question 4. One of the reasons why families break up is that parents are always critical of each other. 
 A. intolerant B. unaware C. supportive D. tired 
Question 5. It's discourteous to ask Americans questions about their age, marriage or income. 
 A. impolite B. rude C. polite D. unacceptable 
 Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word that differs from the other three 
in the position of primary stress in each of the following questions. 
Question 6.A. powerful B. primary C. obvious D. remember 
Question 7.A. interview B. sacrifice C. confident D. impossible 
Question 8.A. device B. vacant C. college D. factor 
 Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the underlined part that needs correction 
in each of the following questions. 
Question 9.In the future, we willcertainly lead a more healthier life. 
 A. certainly B. will C. In D. more 
Question 10.Either Mr. Anderson orMs Wiggins are going to teach our class today. 
 A. are B. today C. or D. Either 
Question 11. Rattan, a close relative of bamboo, is often used to make tables, chairs, and other furnitures. 
 A.furnitures B. is often C. to make D. a close 
Question 12.In the end of the story, Cinderella and the princeget married and live happily together. 
 A. the prince B. happily C. In the end D. get married 
Question 13. I prefer living in a nuclear familythan a joint one. 
 A. one B. living C. than D. a nuclear family 
Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the word whose underlined part differs 
from the other three in pronunciation in each of the following questions. 
Question 14.A. variety B. transfer C.afraid D. career 
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Question 15.A. pages B. temples C. exercises D. surfaces 
 Mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following 
questions. 
Question 16.Is it necessary that I _____ here tomorrow? 
 A.were B.be C.am being D.would be 
Question 17. _____I get your letter, I will reply to you at once. 
 A. Now that B. By the time C. As soon as D. As though 
Question 18. Her boss fired her, ____made her angry. 
 A. what B. that C. which D. this 
Question 19. My mother asked me _____ 
 A. which tertiary institution I would choose B. which tertiary institution will I choose 
 C. which tertiary institution did I choose D. which tertiary institution I choose 
Question 20. We received a call from the teacher_______ charge of our course. 
 A. in B. to C. at D. on 
Question 21. _______the film director, Ben Affleck, was famously left off of the 85th Oscar's Best Director 
list of nominees surprised everyone. 
 A. Due to B. That C. What D. Although 
Question 22. -"What a lovely house you have!" - "_____" 
 A. No problem B. I think so 
 C. Of course not, it's not costly. D. Thank you. Hope you will drop in. 
Question 23. If Lucy's car ____ down, she would be here right now. 
 A. wouldn't have been B. didn't break C. doesn't break D. hadn't broken 
Question 24. Would you like to take a gap year before ____ a university? 
 A. applying for B. filling out C. applying to D. filling in 
Question 25. It is really an ____. 
 A. interesting undergraduate economics course B. interesting economics undergraduate course 
 C. economics course interesting undergraduate D. undergraduate interesting economics course 
Question 26. - ''Did you enjoy the movie yesterday?" - "_____" 
 A. Yes, it is warmer than today. B. No, I dislike moving. 
 C. Certainly, I'd be glad to. D. Not really. I couldn't follow the story. 
Question 27. According to ___ people, most animal and plant species on earth will soon die out. 
 A. pessimistic B. optimists C. pessimists D. optimistic 
Question 28. In 1837 the University of Michigan became the first state university ______ by a board of 
regents elected by the voters of the state. 
 A. under the control B. to be controlled C. being controlled D. it was controlled 
Question 29. ____ not to come late, the applicant set out for his job interview. 
 A. Advised B. Advising C. He was advised D. People advised him 
Question 30. Not until _____ in my paper ____ to write down my name on it. 
 A. I handed/ that I remembered B. did I hand/ did I remember 
 C. did I hand/ I remembered D. I handed/ did I remember 
Question 31. You _____ the washing. My sister could have done it for you. 
 A. needn't have done B. hadn't to do C. mustn't have done D. couldn't have done 
Question 32. These school-leavers are looking forward ____ on campus. 
 A. living B. to living C. live D. to live 
Question 33. By the end of the 21st century, the first car running on the sea water ____. 
 A. will be finishing B. will be finished C. will have been finished D. will finish 
Question 34. We all believe that a happy marriage should be ___ mutual love. 
 A. based on B. concerned with C. obliged to D. confided in 
Trang 3/6 - Mãđề: 186 
 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate thecorrect 
word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks. 
Education is more important today than ever before. It helps people acquire the skills they need for such 
everyday (35)_______ as reading a newspaper or managing their money. It also gives them the specialized 
training they may need to (36)_______ for a job or career. For example, a person must meet certain 
educational requirements and obtain a (37)_______ or certificate before he can practice law or medicine. 
Many fields, like computer operation or police work, (38)_______ satisfactory completion of special 
training courses. 
Education is also important (39)_______ it helps people get more out of life. It increases their 
knowledge and understanding of the world. It helps them acquire the skills that make life more interesting 
and enjoyable, (40)_______ the skills needed to participate in a sport, paint a picture, or play a musical 
(41)_______ . Such education becomes (42)_______ important as people gain more and more leisure time. 
Education also helps people adjust to change. This habit has become necessary because social changes today 
take place with increasing speed and (43)_______ the lives of more and more people. Education can help a 
person understand these changes and provide him (44)_______ the skills for adjusting to them. 
Question 35.A. works B. activities C. actions D. jobs 
Question 36.A. prepare B. do C. make D. work 
Question 37.A. paper B. diploma C. license D. card 
Question 38.A. requires B. require C. to require D. requiring 
Question 39.A. despite B. although C. because D. therefore 
Question 40.A. for instance B. for example C. such that D. such as 
Question 41.A. appliance B. device C. instrument D. equipment 
Question 42.A. increasingly B. increased C. increase D. increasing 
Question 43.A. effective B. effect C. affect D. affective 
Question 44.A. for B. to C. in D. with 
 Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct 
answer to each of the following questions. 
You can usually tell when your friends are happy or angry by the looks on their faces or by their actions. 
This is useful because reading their emotional expressions helps you to know how to respond to them. 
Emotions have evolved to help us respond to important situations and to convey our intentions to others. 
But does raising the eyebrows and rounding the mouth say the same thing in Minneapolis as it does in 
Madagascar? Much research on emotional expressions has centered on such questions. 
 According to Paul Ekman, the leading researcher in this area, people speak and understand 
substantially the same "facial language". Studies by Ekman's group have demonstrated that humans share a 
set of universal emotional expressions that testify to the common biological heritage of the human species. 
Smiles, for example, signal happiness and frowns indicate sadness on the faces of people in such far- flung 
places as Argentina, Japan, Spain, Hungary, Poland , Sumatra ,the United States, Vietnam, the jungles of 
New Guinea , and the Eskimo villages north of Artic Circle. Ekman and his colleagues claim that people 
everywhere can recognize at least seven basic emotions: sadness, fear, anger, disgust, contempt, happiness, 
and surprise. There are, however, huge differences across cultures in both the context and intensity of 
emotional displays - the so called display rules. In many Asian cultures, for example, children are taught to 
control emotional responses - especially negative ones- while many American children are encouraged to 
express their feelings more openly. Regardless of culture, however, emotions usually show themselves, to 
some degree , in people's behavior. From their first days of life, babies produce facial expressions that 
communicate their feelings. 
 The ability to read facial expressions develops early, too. Very young children pay close attention to 
facial expressions, and by age five, they nearly equal adults in their skill at reading emotions on people's 
faces. This evidence all points to a biological underpinning for our abilities to express and interpret a basic 
set of human emotions. Moreover, as Charles Darwin pointed out over a century ago, some emotional 
Trang 4/6 - Mãđề: 186 
expressions seem to appear across species boundaries. Cross - cultural psychologists tell us that certain 
emotional responses carry different meanings in different cultures. For example, what emotion do you 
suppose might be conveyed by sticking out your tongue? For Americans, this might indicate disgust, while 
in China it can s